Python字符串拆分
Python string split() function is used to split a string into the list of strings based on a delimiter.
Python字符串split（）函数⽤于根据定界符将字符串拆分为字符串列表。
Python字符串拆分 (Python String split)
Python string split() function syntax is:
Python字符串split（）函数语法为：
str.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1)
sep argument is used as the delimiter. If the contains consecutive delimiters, then an empty string is returned. Delimiter argument can be of multiple characters too.
sep参数⽤作定界符。 如果包含连续的定界符，则返回⼀个空字符串。 分隔符参数也可以是多个字符。
If the delimiter is not provided or None, then whitespaces are considered as the delimiter. In this case, no empty string will be returned in case there are leading or trailing white spaces. Also, multiple whites
paces will be considered as a single delimiter.
如果未提供定界符或None ，则将空格视为定界符。 在这种情况下，如果存在前导或尾随空格，则不会返回任何空字符串。 同样，多个空格将被视为单个定界符。
If maxsplit is provided, at most maxsplit splits are done (thus, the list will have at most maxsplit+1 elements). If maxsplit is not specified or -1, then there is no limit on the number of splits and all possible splits are returned in the list.
如果提供了maxsplit，则最多完成maxsplit个拆分（因此，列表中最多包含maxsplit + 1个元素）。 如果未指定maxsplit或-1，则对拆分数没有限制，并且所有可能的拆分都将返回列表中。
Python字符串split（）⽰例 (Python String split() example)
Let’s look at a simple example where a string will be split into a based on the specified delimiter.
让我们看⼀个简单的⽰例，在该⽰例中，将根据指定的分隔符将字符串拆分为 。
s = 'Python is Nice'
# simple string split example
str_list = s.split(sep=' ')
print(str_list)
Output:
输出：
jquery字符串截取['Python', 'is', 'Nice']
字符串split（）与maxsplit⽰例 (String split() with maxsplit example)
s = 'Python is Nice'
str_list = s.split(sep=' ', maxsplit=1)
print(str_list)
Output: ['Python', 'is Nice']
输出： ['Python', 'is Nice']
Notice that returned list has only 2 items, the string was split only once.
请注意，返回的列表只有2个项⽬，字符串仅被拆分了⼀次。
未提供sep或⽆ (sep is not provided or None)
s = '  Java  Python iOS    Android  '
str_list = s.split()
print(str_list)
Output: ['Java', 'Python', 'iOS', 'Android']
输出： ['Java', 'Python', 'iOS', 'Android']
The leading and trailing whitespaces are ignored in the returned list. Also, consecutive whitespaces are also considered as a single delimiter.
返回列表中忽略前导和尾随空格。 同样，连续的空格也被视为单个定界符。
多⾏字符串拆分⽰例 (Multiline string split example)
multiline_str = 'Hi There\nHow are you?\nI am fine'
multiline_str_split_list = multiline_str.split(sep='\n')
for s in multiline_str_split_list:
print(s)
Output:
输出：
Hi There
How are you?
I am fine
多字符分隔符⽰例 (Multi-Character separator example)
s = 'Hi||Hello||Adios'
str_list = s.split('||')
print(str_list)
Output: ['Hi', 'Hello', 'Adios']
输出： ['Hi', 'Hello', 'Adios']
str.split（）函数⽰例 (str.split() function example)
We can use split() function directly from str class too.
我们也可以直接从str类使⽤split（）函数。
print(str.split('ABACAD', sep='A'))
print(str.split('ABACAD', sep='A', maxsplit=2))
Output:
输出：
['', 'B', 'CAD']
Notice that empty string is returned when the first character matches the separator.
请注意，当第⼀个字符与分隔符匹配时，将返回空字符串。
⽤户输⼊的CSV字符串拆分⽰例 (CSV String Split Example with User Input)
Finally, let’s look at a real-life example where the user will enter the CSV data and we will split it into the list of strings.
最后，让我们看⼀个真实的例⼦，⽤户将输⼊CSV数据并将其拆分为字符串列表。
input_csv = input('Please enter CSV Data\n')
input_csv_split_list = input_csv.split(sep=',')
print('Input Data Length =', len(input_csv_split_list))
print('List of inputs =', input_csv_split_list)
Output:
输出：
Please enter CSV Data
Java,Android,Python,iOS,jQuery
Input Data Length = 5
List of inputs = ['Java', 'Android', 'Python', 'iOS', 'jQuery']
That’s all for python string split() function examples. It’s a very useful function to split a string into the list based on some delimiter.
这就是python字符串split（）函数⽰例的全部内容。 这是⼀个⾮常有⽤的功能，可以基于某些定界符将字符串拆分为列表。Python字符串rsplit（） (Python String rsplit())
Python string rsplit() function is very similar to split() function. The only difference is that the splits are done starting at the end of the string and working to the front.
Python字符串rsplit（）函数与split（）函数⾮常相似。 唯⼀的区别是分割从字符串的末尾开始⼀直到最前⾯。
Let’s look at some of the rsplit() function examples.
让我们看⼀些rsplit（）函数⽰例。
s = 'Python is Awesome'
str_list = s.rsplit(sep=' ')
print(str_list)
str_list = s.rsplit(sep=' ', maxsplit=1)
print(str_list)
s = '  Java  Python iOS    Android  '
str_list = s.rsplit()
print(str_list)
multiline_str = 'Hi There\nHow are you?\nI am fine'
multiline_str_split_list = multiline_str.rsplit(sep='\n')
for s in multiline_str_split_list:
print(s)
s = 'Hi||Hello||Adios'
str_list = s.rsplit('||')
print(str_list)
# using split() with str class
print(str.rsplit('ABACAD', sep='A'))
print(str.rsplit('ABACAD', sep='A', maxsplit=2))
# csv and user input example
input_csv = input('Please enter CSV Data\n')
input_csv_split_list = input_csv.rsplit(sep=',')
print('Input Data Length =', len(input_csv_split_list))
print('List of inputs =', input_csv_split_list)
Output:
输出：
['Python', 'is', 'Awesome']
['Python is', 'Awesome']
['Java', 'Python', 'iOS', 'Android']
Hi There
How are you?
I am fine
['Hi', 'Hello', 'Adios']
['', 'B', 'C', 'D']
['AB', 'C', 'D']
Please enter CSV Data
x,y,z
Input Data Length = 3
List of inputs = ['x', 'y', 'z']
Notice that the difference is visible when maxsplit argument is provided. Otherwise, the split() and rsplit() function output is same.
注意，当提供maxsplit参数时，差异是可见的。 否则，split（）和rsplit（）函数的输出相同。
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Reference:
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