专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷141 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1.  2. 
SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.
    (1)The idea of creating a system that allows the underprivileged the opportunity to break the cycle and achieve something is praiseworthy. So it never ceases to amaze me how something so noble can be so blatantly abused and the offenders are able to get away with it.    (2)I live in a country—the only country, I might add—that was colonised through an act of diplomacy and not force. The citizens of the country became members of the British Empire by scratching ink on the paper of a poorly translated treaty that disadvantaged them from the beginning. All because of some greedy Brits wanted to trade land for glass beads, tobacco and blankets.(In some ways, this treaty protected the natives from some pretty nas
ty scams, but only so that the government could scam the tribes themselves). The third article of this treaty allowed the “natives”(although their claim to be native of the land in question is dubious in itself—they were merely there before the British)all the rights and benefits of a subject under the rule of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. The history lesson is nearly over—bear with me, it is relevant.    (3)The rights and benefits of becoming a member of the British Empire included the banning of the native language to be taught in schools and used to communicate in public. The savages were to be tamed. For a country so progressive that gave women the vote 10 years before the rest of the world(if only to call a politician’s bluff), this was a barbaric act. But these acts of naturalisation, and reparation have since been carried out by the government for the last 50-75 years, allowing the natives extra rights and benefits as to soothe the indignity done to their ancestors. Now a considerable number of the “disenfranchised” live on a social welfare benefit from the government, and can afford cable TV, all the latest mod-cons and a fast track into the good life of higher education(all subsidised, of course)in the name, not of affirmative action — although it is—but of racial appeasement. Now I could talk about so
me of the blind privileges that come with this, but I will save that essay for another day. The topic I wish to address today are those who are born with silver spoons in their mouths that claim these benefits without batting an eyelid.    (4)In order to claim a number of these benefits, one need only 1/16th of native blood in one’s family to be considered “native”. So you have blond-haired blue-eyed “natives” that have no clue of their whakapapa, let alone can speak the language. These young opportunists come from upper class families. They went to the best private schools, and for birthdays, mummy and daddy dearest sent them around the world to see history and what real culture is. These bright young things have trust funds amounting to tens of thousands that they will get when they turn 21. They’re on a first name basis with all the hot shot company directors and politicians, and they still have the audacity to claim—and receive—the scholarships and benefits their less fortunate counterparts deserve.    (5)This is where the “blind eye” of privilege amazes me. As Betacandy’blonds first post so beautifully sets out—privilege is something given or assumed so often that a set of actions and expectations are built up and become a normal attitude to associate with specific practices, races and
gender. The selection process assures us that equal opportunities are afforded to each applicant(that assertion is worth another whole rant in itself). How can the close examination of each applicant—their achievements and background—allow such a gross abuse of privilege to take place? This is merely one country where it happens, and I could go on for ever on this subject.    (6)The privileged are simply that—privileged. What gives them the right to take for themselves the opportunities offered to those who cannot afford to pay for the experience in the first place? Somebody, please, answer me this.
 
1． There was a “poorly translated” treaty because ______.
A．the Brits didn’t take it seriously
B．the Brits intended it as a scam
C．the natives were mostly unable to read or write
D．the natives were guaranteed what they wanted
正确答案：B
解析：根据题干中的poorly translated treaty定位到第2段第2句和第3句。第3句的because of表明了原因，再加上第3句后括号里的附加信息，可以确定本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读
2． What does the author think about the blond-haired blue-eyed “natives”?
A．They are proud of being natives.
B．They are ashamed of their identity.
C．Their family origin is hard to trace back.
D．They don’t know about their family origin.
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干中的blond-haired blue—eyed定位到第5段第2句。虽然我们不知道该句中的whakapapa是什么，但上一句提到的1／16th of native blood和这一句的let alone can sp
eak the language可以推断这金发碧眼的所谓的“印第安人”对于其宣称的印第安祖先的语言、文化是一无所知的，可见，本题应选D。 知识模块：阅读
3． According to the fifth paragraph, the author thinks that the “selection process”______.
A．offers equal opportunity to each applicant
B．closely examines each applicant
C．allows a gross abuse of privileges
D．neglects achievements and background
正确答案：C
解析：第5段第3句中的assures表明该句提到的是政府对享受优惠的对象进行的筛选过程的态度，而下一句疑问句的形式表示作者对此筛选过程的质疑，在这两句中，selection process和close examination是同一回事，可见，第4句中作者对close examination的质疑也就是对selection process的质疑，因此，本题应选C。A和B不是作者对selection process
的态度，而是政府对selection process的立场。D中的neglect缺乏原文依据。 知识模块：阅读
    (1)Yellowstone National Park is in the western state of Wyoming. It is one of the most unusual places in the world. Extremely hot water shoots out of the ground in several hundred places. Small lakes contain water that is so hot it is dangerous to come too close.    (2)Visitors can watch bubbles coming up through boiling hot mud. They can see rocks that were once liquid and have cooled into strange shapes.    (3)Yellowstone is built on an ancient volcano. A lake of hot liquid rock is about six kilometers under the park. This lake is about sixty-five kilometers wide. Experts say this lake is under huge amounts of pressure. The pressure and heat cause hot water to shoot out of the ground and mud to boil at Yellowstone.    (4)Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the world. About three million people visit it each year. Its great natural beauty has made it one of the most popular national parks.    (5)Most visitors like to see “Old Faithful,” the world’s most famous geyser. A geyser shoots hot water high into the air. There are more than three hundred geysers in Yellowstone.    (6)Old Faithful is not the biggest or the most
beautiful geyser. But it is the most popular. Visitors gather around Old Faithful before each eruption. Experts at the park are able to predict when these will happen. The average time between eruptions is about ninety minutes. Old Faithful shoots water an average of forty meters into the air. This eruption lasts between two and five minutes. Old Faithful releases up to about thirty thousand liters of water into the air each time.    (7)The hot spot deep under the ground produces geysers like Old Faithful. Old Faithful is evidence of the volcanic activity at Yellowstone. But will the Yellowstone volcano erupt again? Most experts think the answer is yes. But no one knows when. The most recent of the three extremely powerful eruptions was about six hundred fifty thousand years ago.    (8)Experts say at least thirty smaller volcanic eruptions have taken place at Yellowstone. Some of these were perhaps as big as the nineteen ninety-one eruption at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. Several are believed to have been much larger. The most recent of these smaller eruptions took place about seventy thousand years ago.    (9)Volcano experts say it is extremely difficult to tell when Yellowstone might become an active volcano again. However, earthquakes near a volcano are usually good evidence th
at a volcano might become active again. For example, Mount Saint Helens in the northwestern state of Washington exploded in nineteen eighty. Several earthquakes took place near the volcano before that time. On the morning that it exploded, Mount Saint Helens experienced an earthquake of five point one on the Richter scale.    (10)Yellowstone National Park experiences several thousand earthquakes each year. Most are very small. They cannot be felt. They can only be measured by scientific instruments. However, in August of nineteen fifty-nine, an earthquake at Yellowstone measured seven point five on the Richter scale. Twenty-eight people were killed.    (11)It was one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded in the United States. But Yellowstone’s sleeping giant volcano did not erupt.    (12)In two thousand one, the United States Geological Survey, Yellowstone National Park and the University of Utah signed an agreement.    (13)That agreement established the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. Under the agreement, the park, the Geological Survey and the university are responsible for improving efforts to study the volcanic system of Yellowstone.    (14)The observatory uses information from many different instruments on the ground and from satellites to stu
dy the volcano. The information will help officials warn the public once if Yellowstone’s huge volcano shows any sign of eruption.    (15)Experts at the observatory say Yellowstone represents some danger to the public. It always has. However, its natural beauty also makes it a treasure that could not be possible without the sleeping giant volcano that is under Yellowstone National Park.
 
4． The Old Faithful shows that the volcanic activity at Yellowstone is ______.
A．constant
B．perilous
C．inactive
D．unstable
正确答案：A
解析：根据题干中专有名词Old Faithful定位到第5段至第7段。本题实际上考查哪个选项符合原文对Old Faithful的描述。第6段提到Old Faithful的喷发时间很稳定，可以预测，因此应选A，而题干中的the volcanic activity at Yellowstone属于强干扰内容，如果只考虑到“火山活动”，很可能会误选其他选项。 知识模块：阅读
5． What is true about the volcanic eruption in Yellowstone?
A．Experts predict that volcanic eruption is unlikely to happen recently.
B．There are at least 30 small volcanic eruptions every year.
C．The volcanic eruptions can be compared to that at Mount Pinatubo.
D．There have been three extremely powerful volcanic eruptions so far.
正确答案：D
解析：根据题干中的volcanic eruption in Yellowstone定位到第7至9段。从第7段最后一句可推断D的说法正确。最具干扰性的是C，将其与第8段第2句相比，可发现原文该句开头的
Some of these是指“一些较小规模的火山喷发”，这与C的主语The volcanic eruptions所指范围显然不同。 知识模块：阅读
6． What do the experts find out about the volcano at Yellowstone?
A．Its eruption is closely related to the earthquakes nearby.
B．The stronger an earthquake nearby is, the more possibly it erupts.
C．Earthquakes nearby are useless in regard to the prediction of its eruption.
D．Its eruption has nothing to do with the earthquakes nearby.
正确答案：C
解析：本题考查volcano与earthquake的关系，定位到第9至11段。第10段最后两句和第11段表明黄石公园的火山是否爆发与地震没有关系。虽然第9段第2句表明地震和火山密切相关，但要注意本题询问的只是“黄石国家公园的火山”。 知识模块：阅读
7． Which of the following question has been illustrated in the passage?
A．Why is the Old Faithful the most popular geyser?
B．How is the formation of geysers related to volcanoes?
C．What makes Yellowstone a national treasure?
D．What causes Mount Saint Helens to erupt in 1980?
正确答案：B
解析：本题实际上为主旨大意题。本文开始介绍了黄石国家公园最著名的间歇泉The Old Faithful，然后以此引出“火山”这个话题，这个话题一直延续到文章末尾，根据对文章结构几个部分内容的分析可确定本题应选B。 知识模块：阅读

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