《桃花源记》汉译英 《古典散文名篇英译》之一
晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。
林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光，便舍船从口入。初极狭，才通人，复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣著，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云: “不足为外人道也。”
既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之。及郡下，诣太守,说如此。太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂迷,不复得路。
南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往，未果。寻病终。后遂无问津者。
白话：
东晋太元年间，有个武陵人以捕鱼为生。一天他沿着小溪划船而行，忘了路程的远近。忽然来到一片鲜花盛开的桃林前面，桃林夹着小溪在两岸伸展开来，长达几百步，里面没有别的树，地上的香草鲜嫩美丽，树上坠落的花瓣纷纷扬扬。渔人对眼前的美景感到十分惊异。再往前走，想穿过这片桃林。
桃林在溪水的发源地到了头，紧接着就出现一座山，山上有个小小的洞口，那儿似乎有光亮。渔人丢下船，从洞口进去。起初洞口很窄，只容得下一人通过。他又走了几十步，眼前突然开阔起来。这里土地平坦开阔，房屋整齐有序，田地肥沃，池塘漂亮、桑竹之类杂以其间。田间小路纵横交错，四通八达，小村之间互相能听到鸡鸣狗叫。那儿的人你来我往，种田劳作，男男女女，穿装打扮，完全和桃花源之外的人一样。老老少少，一个个都悠闲愉快，自得其乐。
一个桃花源中的人见到渔人，感到十分惊奇，问他从哪里来。渔人对他的问题都做了回答。他就邀请渔人到他家去，置酒杀鸡，准备饭菜。村里人听说有这么一个人，就都来问这问那。他们自称先辈为躲避秦朝的祸乱，就带着妻子儿女和同乡一起来到这个与世隔绝
的地方，从那时起，他们就再也没有没有出去过，于是就和桃花源之外的人隔绝了。他们问现在是什么朝代，居然不知道曾经有过汉朝，更不必说魏晋了。渔人把自己知道的事情一件一件详详细细地说出来，那些人听后都感叹惋惜。随后其他人也都分别邀请渔人到各自的家中，拿出酒和饭菜来招待他。渔人住几天，就告辞离开。这里的人对他说："这儿的事不值得对桃花源外面的人说啊。"
渔人走出来，到自己的船，就沿着旧路回去，一路上到处做标记作。回到郡上，拜见太守，把这些情况都做了汇报。太守立即派人跟他一起去寻先前做过标记的地方，居然迷失了方向，再也没有到原来的路。
南阳刘子骥，是一位清高的隐士，听到这件事，就高高兴兴地计划去一趟。不过他的计划并没有实现，不久他就病死了。后来就再也没有打探此事的人了。hermit
英译：
During the middle period of Taiyuan years (AD 376 – 396) in Tang Dynasty there was a person in Wuling County who made a living by fishing. One day, he went boating along a
stream, forgetting how far the way was. Suddenly he spotted a peach grove, several hundred square yards, sprawling along both banks and therefore making the stream sandwiched. Mixed no other trees, fragrant herbs are fresh and beautiful; f; in riotous profusion, falling petals embroider the grove with color. Rather astonished, the fisherman continuously rushed headlong attempting to reach the bottom.
Finally the grove ending at the source of the stream,, there appeared a hill with a cave which had a tiny mouth, seemingly a wisp of light flickering there. Leaving his boat outside, the fisherman got into the cave. Extremely narrow at the beginning, the cave allowed just one person to pass through. Yet, several decades of steps further, a vast panorama suddenly stretched before him. The lands were even and open. The houses were tidy and clear. The glory spot was pockmarked with plenty of fertile farmlands, nice ponds, mulberries, bamboos and the like. Crisscrossing, paths in the fields were accessible from all directions. Cocks and dogs could be heard. Coming and going, men and women were busily cultivating the soil. They were all dressed just in the same fashion as outsiders. Both yellow-haired old ones and hanging-haired little ones were hap
py and contented.
Astonishing when seeing the fisherman, a native asked where he came from. He readily answered all his questions. The native invited him to his homes, then busily preparing wines, killing hens and cooking dishes. Heard of such a person and other villagers immediately came and asked questions enthusiastically. They said that their ancestors came to this secluded spot together with their families and fellow villagers to escape the great disorder in Qin Dynasty. From then on, they had never been out again and therefore secluded themselves from the world. Asking what dynasty it was, they should know nothing about Han Dynasty, let alone Wei Dynasty and Jin Dynasty. The fisherman told what he knew to them who could not help having all sorts of feelings welling up in their minds. They also invited him to their home and served him with wines and foods. Staying here several days, he left. Someone said: “Here is not worthy mentioning to outsiders.”
Going out of the cave, he found his boat and made signs marks along the way back. Arriving in the county, he went to the magistrate and told him the whole story. The county
magistrate dispatched some people to follow him and look for the place where he made signs. look for his marks. Yet, getting lost, they could not find the way again.
Learning this, Liu Ziji, a hermit of Nanyang, gladly planned to go. But he failed to realize his plan and soon died of an illness. From then on, there had been no one else to search for this mysterious spot.
—解析—
原文：
晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业，缘溪行，忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林，夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。复前行，欲穷其林。
注释：
1．晋太元中：太元，晋孝武帝司马曜的年号，在公元376- 396年间。中，中叶。
2．武陵：晋朝时的郡名，在今湖南省常德县境内。
3．缘：沿着。
白话：
东晋太元年间，有个武陵人以打渔为生。一天他沿着小溪划船而行，忘了路程的远近。忽然来到一片鲜花盛开的桃林前面，桃林夹着小溪在两岸伸展开来，长达几百步，里面没有别的树，地上的香草鲜嫩美丽，树上坠落的花瓣纷纷扬扬。渔人对眼前的美景感到十分惊异。再往前走，想穿过这片桃林。
英译：
During the middle period of Taiyuan years (AD 376 – 396) in Tang Dynasty there was a person in Wuling County who made a living by fishing. One day, he went boating along a stream, forgetting how far the way was. Suddenly he spotted a peach grove, several hundred square yards, sprawling along both banks and therefore making the stream sandwiched. Mixed no other trees, fragrant herbs are fresh and beautiful; in riotous profusion, falling petals embroider the grove with color. Rather astonished, the fisherman continuously rushed headlong attempting to reach the bottom.
译解：
1．晋太元中。
其中的“晋”，属于朝代。记得上学时，老师教的朝代口诀中就有“三国两晋南北朝”之说，因此我翻译成Jin Dynasty。而“太元”，则是晋孝武帝的年号，因此翻译成Taiyuan years。至于“中”，意思很明显是在“太元”年代的中期，说专业一些叫“中叶”，而中叶的英译是 the middle period，因此“晋太元中”本该是During the middle period of Taiyuan years in Tang Dynasty，但考虑到外国人对中国的年号没有概念，所以既照顾汉语读者，又照顾英语读者，我采取二者兼顾的方法，在英译中以引号的形式添加人们熟悉的纪元年 (AD 376 – 396)加以解释，恐怕这样比较好。 于是，晋太元中才翻译成During the middle period of Taiyuan years (AD 376 – 396) in Tang Dynasty，故此说明。

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