∙   My Brief Introduction to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
∙                               任彬 03100221 英语二班
Part One: Outline
1. Introduction
2. The historical origin of Israeli-Palestinian conflict
2.1 Legends in the Bible
2.2 The Diaspora
2.3 Modern Zionism
3. Key figures in Israeli-Palestinian leftistconflict
3.1 Yasser Arafat
3.2 Yizhak Rabin
3.3 Ariel Sharon
4. The present condition and outlook of Israeli-Palestinian conflict
  4.1 Casualty and economic disruption
  4.2 Main obstacles against peace
  4.3 Two state solution
5.  Conclusion
Part Two: Introduction
    Middle East issue generally refers to the conflicts between Israel and Palestine. It’s a regional hot spot issue that has extended a longest time couldn’t be solved since the World War Two. Middle East has an important strategic position that is connect with many countries’ development in future. I’d like to analysis the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in my opinion from follow 3 parts: the historical origin of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, key figures in
Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the present condition and outlook of Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
 
Part Three: The Historical Origin
    According to the Jewish sacred writings, which became the Hebrew Bible, Jews are descended from the ancient people of Israel who settled in the land of Canaan, located between the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. The Children of Israel shared a lineage through their common ancestors, Abraham, his son Isaac, and Isaac’s son Jacob. The Children of Israel consisted of twelve tribes, each descended from one of Jacob's twelve sons. Jacob and his twelve sons, or so the Bible asserts, left Canaan during a severe famine and settled in Goshen of northern Egypt.  At first they were welcomed by Egyptian, but after a few years they developed quickly and their descendants increase greatly. The Egyptian feared that Jews may threaten their government. Therefore in Egypt their descendants were enslaved by the Egyptian govern
ment led by the Pharaoh. After 400 years of slavery, YHWH, the God of Israel, sent the Hebrew prophet Moses, a man from the tribe of Levi, to release the Children of Israel from Egyptian bondage. According to the Bible, the Hebrews miraculously emigrated out of Egypt (an event known as the Exodus), and returned to their ancestral homeland in Canaan. This event marks the formation of Israel as a political nation in Canaan, in 1400 BC.
      After the Jews returned their home, they have their first unified kingdom, governed by King Saul. However hundreds of years later, they were defeated by other kingdoms, and many Jews began to be exiled from that time. But when the large scale of Jews were expelled from their homeland during Roman Conquest, called the Diaspora. , Herod the Great was appointed "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate, supplanting the Hasmonean dynasty (a Jewish dynasty). Some of his offspring held various positions after him, known as the Herodian dynasty. But the empire was often callous and brutal in its treatment of its Jewish subjects. In 66 CE, the Jews began to revolt against the Roman rulers of Judea. The revolt was defeated by the future Roman emperors Vespasian and Ti
tus. 985 villages were destroyed and most of the Jewish population of central Judaea was essentially wiped out, killed, sold into slavery, or forced to flee. Banished from Jerusalem, the Jewish population now centred on Galilee. Jerusalem was renamed Aelia Capitolina.
      During the following hundreds of years, Jews exiled to a lot of countries and experienced a lot of disasters. But they never give up the hope to return to their homeland. During the 1870s and 1880s, the Jewish population in Europe began to more actively discuss immigration back to Israel and the re-establishment of the Jewish Nation in its national homeland, fulfilling the biblical prophecies relating to Shivat Tzion. In 1882 the first Zionist settlement—Rishon LeZion—was founded by immigrants who belonged to the "Hovevei Zion" movement. It was Theodor Herzl (a Jewish reporter) who began the struggle to establish a state for the Jews. After the First World War, it seemed that the conditions to establish such a state had arrived: The United Kingdom captured Palestine from the Ottoman Empire, and the Jews received the promise of a "National Home" from the British .But later the Jewish leadership found that they couldn’t rely on Britain, so they created the Haganah organization to protect their farms and Kibbutzim.
Part Four:  Key Figures
      When we talk about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, we can’t ignore those key figures in the history. They are so talented and of distinct character that changed the progress of Middle East issue. I haven’t enough space to illustrate all the influential figures, so I just choose three most famous people in Middle East history.
      The first one is Yasser Arafat. He was a Palestinian leader, and Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA), and leader of the Fatah political party and former paramilitary group, which he founded in 1959. Arafat spent much of his life fighting against Israel. We all know that there are two major frictions in Palestine fight against Israel. They are Fatah and Hamas. Hamas totally define Israeli’s right of existence in Palestine. But Fatah, which under the leadership of Arafat seek negotiation with Israel to end the decades-long conflict between it and the Israel. His political rivals, including Islamists and several PLO leftists, often denounced him for being corrupt or too submissive in his concessions to the Israeli gover
nment. But I think he provided a chance to solve the Middle East issue peacefully which should be appreciated. In 1994 Arafat received the Nobel Peace Prize, together with Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres, for the negotiations at Oslo.

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