1. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
句子翻译:比如阿斯旺大坝,阻挡了尼罗河的洪水,但却使埃及失去了洪水所能留下来的肥沃的淤泥,所有的这一切都是为了换得一个巨型的但却(给人们带来)疾病丛生的水库,这个水库现在充满了那么多的淤泥,基本上它已无法发电。
句子解析:silt: n. 淤泥,泥沙;煤粉;残渣  Derive…of…:vt,剥夺,失去  Reservoirn,蓄水池,水库
all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.这是由which引导的一个定语从句,后面又由so…that…引导的一个原因状语从句,如此以至于
2. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
句子翻译:问题在于,近年发生的生产力快速增长部分是由于商业周期通常到了这时候就会出现的反弹造成的,因而它不是经济复苏潜在趋势的结论性证据
句子解析:1.这个句子有一个很长的表语从句,由that引导。从句中有两个分句,中间用and so连接。第一个分句中又有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰的是rebound,第二个分句的主语与第一个分句的主语一样,都是part of the recent acceleration。这样我们可以得到这个句子的主干部分:The trouble is that part of acceleration is due to rebound, and is not conclusive evidence.
2.理解这个句子的关键在于要清楚表语从句中第一个分句所套的修饰rebound的定语从句,再者就是第二个分句的主语与第一个分句的主语一致,并注意conclusives是结论性的意思。

  3. Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
句子翻译:人类学是一门科学,因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果,而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
    句子解析: Anthropology:n,人类学
句中有两个that,第一个in that引导原因状语从句,第二个that引导结果状语从句:是供他人核查的。
4. Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.
句子翻译:真菌在腐化过程中十分重要,而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤,提高其肥力,并分解动物粪便。
flowing的意思
    句子解析:decompose:vt,分解,腐化 debrisn,s碎片,残骸;根据句中意思在此处译为粪便
这是一个由which引导的定语从句,which的先行词为in the process of decay
5. The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
    句子翻译:大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线,该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
句子解析:imaginary line:假想线,虚线 divide…from…:区分开来
这是由that引导的一个宾语从句,that的先行词为imaginary line
6. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
  句子翻译:父母的教导如果坚定,始终如一和理性,孩子就有可能充满自信。句子解析:be inclined to:倾向于,有意  with表示在引导下,whose引导从句,先行词为parents
7.A survey of new books in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached
to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
句子翻译:一项关于1996年新闻报道的调查显示,反科学的标签还可以贴在许多其他团体身上,从提倡消灭最后存留的天花病毒的权威机构,到鼓吹削减基础研究经费的共和党人(都被贴上了反科学的标签) 
句子解析:这句话就是在that引导的宾语从句中,又套入了两个who引导的定语从句。这个句子主句的主体是a survey reveals that…。从句的结构比较复杂:主语是the antiscience tag(反科学的标签),谓语是has been attached to(被贴到),宾语是many other groups,后面用了一个from sb. who…to sb. who…的结构来举例解释这些groups包括什么人。这句话的意思是“1996年进行的一次对新书的调查显示,反科学的标签也被贴在了很多别的人的身上,包括提倡根除残余的天花病毒的权威机构,以及提倡削减基础科学研究资金的民主党人。” 
8. This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came
to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.
句子翻译:这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间,当时一些国家的政府下了结论,认为:政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
句子解析:这个句子的主干是This trend began during … when…that…
1.有套和从句。这个句子实际上是This trend began.其余的成分督是在起修饰和限定作用。在分析长难句时一定要注意出句子的主干,关键是确定句子的主语和谓语,只有这样才不会被众多的修饰成分所迷惑。
2When引导的是时间状语从句。第一个that引导的是修饰conclusion的定语从句,第二个that引导的是修饰demands的定语从句,wants前省略了which,是引导的修饰a government的主语从句。

 

版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198,我们将在24小时内删除。