Unit 8–Section A Language Focus –Words in
Use
1. The main task for the troop there is not fighting but(arresting) the progress of the enemy army and waiting for reinforcements ( 援兵).
2. He always anxiously summarizes the concessions which he has made but he almost
3.always(omits) to mention those offered by the other party.
4. She was an excellent teacher, whose(optional) courses on women's writing were very popular among the students.
5. It will be up to the doctor's judgment whether or not the organ can be
6.successfully(transplanted) to the child who has been waiting for it.
7. Teachers can no longer use their past experiences to prepare students for their future
8.career;(hence) , our young people need to rely on themselves.
9. Accurate and inaccurate information is mixed so naturally that there are no reliable ways to
11. That wealthy lady's demand on a premarital agreement greatly(stung) her future husband's
unable
12.pride, and it ended up with his refusal to get married.
13. When I opened the album, I carefully examined every photograph in(minute) detail by
14.wearing my reading glasses so as not to miss anything.
15. It seems that James has a talent for acting because he can(imitate) different teachers' speeches
16.perfectly, which really amazes his classmates.
17. Smoking is compared to self-poisoning and self-destroying, thus making the(evil) effects of
18.smoking cigarettes truly alarming.
Word Building 1.
interfere
2. thrill
3. scarcely
4. specifically
5. consume
6. deceive
7.
invade 8.
proceed
1. interference
2. thriller
3. scarce
4. specific
5. consumption / consumer
6. deception
7. invasion / invader
8. procession
19. Multinational corporations protested strongly against any unreasonable(interference) by some
21. At the time a real threat of a(n)(invasion) of the British Isles existed, so the British troops
22.were gathered around the coastline to get ready to fight against an invading fleet.
23. (Consumption) is relatively low, and it shows that the economic problem in the country
24.stems from the dangerous side effects of careless politics and widespread poverty.
25. The wedding(procession) was of an enormous size and enormous splendor, which was started
26.homeward and followed by a large banquet at a luxury hotel.
27. When doing writing exercises for that English course, students should remember that they are
28.writing according to(specific) structures.
29. Among close family and good friends,(deception) is the worst part of life, and we believe in
30.practicing good faith and honesty.
31. Jobs are(scarce) at the moment, so you should be realistic in your choices about the pay,
32.working hours, medical benefits, bonuses, etc.
33. The writer was thinking about writing some kind of(thrillers) because it would help him
34.become popular through making his plot more attractive to the young.
Banked Cloze
The animal rights movement is a social movement which seeks an end to using animals in the research, food, clothing, and entertainment industries, (1) (hence) being called animal liberation. It advocates the idea that the most basic interests of non-human creatures should be (2) (afforded)
the same consideration as those of human beings.
Advocates (3) (lobby) for animal rights from different aspects, ranging from the focus on animal suffering in laboratories to the argument that (4) (insists) on not casting animals as properties of human beings. Despite the different approaches, advocates broadly (5) (consent) to the opinion that animals should be viewed as non-human members of the moral community and should be (6) (omitted) from being food, clothing, entertainment, or research subjects. The idea of (7) (awarding) rights to animals wins the support of several prominent scholars.
However, some critics argue that animals are unable to enter into a social contract or moral (8) (compass) and for that reason cannot be granted rights. Only humans have duties and, therefore, only humans have rights. There is nothing wrong or (9) (evil) about using animals as resources so long as there is no unnecessary suffering. From within the animal rights movement itself, there has al
so been (10) (criticism) of certain forms of animal rights activism, in particular the destruction of
fur farms and animal laboratories.
Language Focus –Expressions in Use
7. Some people have(persisted in) a traditional view that language learning is essentially the
8.same as the learning of grammar or language rules.
9. Regular review of the teaching material in school ensures that the courses provided(have
11. Job opportunities are expanding rapidly, and more and more people are(becoming aware of)
13. They have put old women in nursing "homes",(isolated from) human warmth and contact,
14.and then complained that they had lost their mental abilities.
15. Some organizations are exploiting local people(in the name of) scientific research: They are
17. Day care centers for the elderly(make a contribution) to overall public service; they did a lot
< make the life of the old active, valuable and meaningful.
19. The policeman has(been occupied with) extra duties, so he would not have the time either for
20.answering questions or being interviewed.
21. What the chairman said did not(tip the scales) much to his advantage; his statement can be
only considered as a slim chance for gaining approval.
Translation
英译汉
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization working o
n issues regarding the conservation, research and restoration of the environment. The organization was originally named the World Wildlife Fund in 1961. In 1986, it changed its name
to World Wide Fund for Nature to better reflect the scope of its activities. With over five million supporters worldwide, it is the world's largest independent conservation organization, working in more than 100 countries and supporting about 1,300 conservation and environmental projects. Its mission is to stop destroying the planet's natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with nature. Currently, much of its work focuses on the conservation of oceans and coasts, forests, and freshwater. Among other issues, it is also concerned with endangered species, pollution and climate change. They now need, above all, money to carry out
its missions and handle conservation emergencies.
世界自然基金会（WWF ）是一个致力于有关保护、研究和修复环境议题的国际性非政府组
织。该组织最初于1961 年被命名为世界野生动物基金会。1986 年，它更名为世界自然基金会，以更好地反映其活动范围。它是世界上最大的、独立的自然保护组织，拥有世界各地超
过500 万的支持者，在100 多个国家开展工作，并援助约1,300 个与自然和环境保护有关的
项目。它的任务是阻止破坏地球的生态环境，建立一个能使人类与自然和谐相处的未来。目前，其大部分工作都集中在对海洋和海岸、森林、淡水的保护。在其他问题上，它也关注濒
危物种，污染和气候变化。现在他们最需要的是资金，以履行其使命和处理与自然保护有关
的突发事件。
汉译英
新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国政府在生态环境(eco-environmental) 保护方面做出了大量努力，取得了有效进展。政府采取了一系列保护和改善生态环境的重大举措，譬如积极推进重点生态工程，加强生态系统建设(ecosystem) 及生物多样性保护(biodiversity conservation) ，建立了一批自然保护区(nature reservation) 、生态示范区(ecological demonstration zones)、风景名胜区和森林公园。加强生态环境的保护和建设，实现人与自然
和谐相处，是构建社会主义和谐社会（harmonious society ）的重要目标之一。环境保护和生
态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可持续发展提供了坚实的基础。
Since the founding of New China, especially since the economic reform and door-opening to the worl
d, the Chinese government has made considerable efforts in eco-environmental protection and achieved effective progress. The government has taken a series of important measures to protect and improve the ecological environment, such as actively promoting key ecological projects, enhancing ecosystem construction and biodiversity conservation, establishing a number of nature reservations, ecological demonstration zones, scenic spots and forest parks. One of the important goals of building    a socialist harmonious society is to strengthen ecological protection and construction and to achieve harmony between man and nature. Environmental protection and ecological civilization construction have provided    a solid foundation for the sustainable development of China's economy and society.

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