⼋上英语重点单词、短语和句型汇总Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
【重点语法】
不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
⽤法注意:
1. some 和any +可数名/不可数名。
some 多⽤于肯定句,any多⽤于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中⽤some,不⽤any, 问话者希望得到对⽅肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词⽤三单。
3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting
【重点短语】
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth  为某⼈买某物
2. taste + adj. 尝起来……
3. but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有
4. seem + (to be) + adj  看起来
5. arrive in + ⼤地⽅ / arrive at + ⼩地⽅到达某地
6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽⼒做某事
8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
9. want to do sth. 想去做某事
10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth. 停⽌做某事区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
12.  dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
14.  so + adj + that + 从句如此……以⾄于……
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某⼈(不要)做某事
17. keep doing sth.  继续做某事
18. forget to do sth.  忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth  忘记做过某事
【词语辨析】
1.  take a photo/ take photos 拍照
quite a few+名词复数 “许多…”
2. seem + 形容词看起来…... You seem happy today.
seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事  I seem to have a cold
It seems + 从句似乎..….  It seems that no one believe you.
seem like ... 好像,似乎…..    It seems like a good idea.
3. arrive in +⼤地点= get to= reach+地点名  “到达......”
arrive at +⼩地点
(注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,如:arrive here; get home)
4. feel like sth 感觉像…
feel doing sth. 想要做某事
5. wonder(想知道)+疑问词(who, what, why)引导的从句。
6. because of  +名/代/V-ing
because+从句
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
7.  enough +名词⾜够的…...
形容词/副词+enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
【重点语法】
1. 频率副词: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常⽤于⼀般现在时态中。
2.“次数”的表达⽅法talented的用法和短语
⼀次 once,两次twice,三次或三次以上:基数词+ times, 如:three times, five times,
3. how often“多久⼀次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语。
常见的how疑问词:
1)How soon 多久(以后)
—How soon will he be back?他多久能回来?
—He will be back in a month. 他⼀个⽉后能回来。
2)how long “多久”
—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房⼦⽤了多久?
—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房⼦⽤了半⼩时。
3)How many+名复
How much+不可名
“多少” 问数量(how much 还可问价格)
【重点短语】
1. go to the movies 去看电影
2. look after = take care of 照顾
3. surf the internet 上⽹
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的⽣活⽅式
5. go skate boarding 去划板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. eating habits 饮⾷习惯
8. take more exercise 做更多的运动
9. the same as 与什么相同
10. be different from 不同
11. once a month⼀⽉⼀次
12. twice a week⼀周两次
13.make a difference to 对......有影响/作⽤
14. most of the students=most students
15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
16. be good for 对......有益
17. be bad for 对......有害
18. come home from school放学回家
19. of course = certainly = sure 当然
20. get good grades 取得好成绩
21. keep/be in good health 保持健康
22. take a vacation 去度假
【词语辨析】
1. maybe / may be
maybe 是副词,意为“⼤概,可能,或许”,⼀般⽤于句⾸。May be是情态动词,意为“可能是...,也许是...,⼤概是...”.
The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.
The woman may be a teacher.
2. a few / few / a little / little
People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.
There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.
Could you give me a little milk?
3. hard / hardly
hard作形容词,意为“困难的,艰苦的,硬的”;作副词,意为“努⼒地,猛烈地”。hardly为副词,意为“⼏乎不”。
The ground is too hard to dig.
I can hardly understand them.
It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
意思是“⾄于;关于”,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。
如:As for him,I never want to see him here.
⾄于他,我永远不希望在这⾥见到。
As for the story,you'd better not believe it.
关于那故事,你最好不要相信。
5. That sounds interesting. 
这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来),look(看起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(觉得),seem(好象),grow(变得),get(变得)等词在英语中可⽤作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如:
It tastes good.  这味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 这⾳乐听起来很⼊⽿。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。
6. percent  名词,意为“百分之……”
百分数的表⽰⽅法:基数+ percent (不⽤复数形式),percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后⾯的名词来确定。
50%:fifty percent 百分之五⼗
Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the  fridge. 20%的⾁都在冰箱
7. not… at all 意为“⼀点也不”,not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。
The story isn’t interesting at all. 那个故事⼀点也没有趣。
8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。
It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣。
9. take, spend, pay
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为“花费某⼈……时间来做某事”。
⼈(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. “买某物花了……钱”。
⼈(sb.) spend 时间/钱 (in) doing“花费多少时间来做某事”。
pay 的主语必须是⼈,⽽“花钱买某物”为
10. however 副词,意为“然⽽,可是”,表⽰转折关系,可放在句⾸、句中、句末。
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
【重点语法】
1. 形容词和副词的⽐较等级
(1)形容词和副词的原形就是原级
(2)⽐较级,表⽰较……或更……
(3)最⾼级,表⽰最...。
2. ⽐较级句型:
(1)A + be动词+形容词的⽐较级+than +B “A⽐B更……”(注意:A与B必须是同级的,即必须是⼈与⼈,物与物进⾏对⽐)
(2)“A+实意动词+副词⽐较级+ than + B”表⽰“A⽐B…”
(3)⽐较A ,B两⼈/两事物问其中哪⼀个较…...时⽤句型:
“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.⽐较级,A or B ?”
Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?
3. ⽐较级的特殊⽤法
(1)“⽐较级+and+⽐较级”,意为“越来越”。多⾳节⽐较级⽤“more and more+原级”
(2)“the+⽐较级(…), the+⽐较级(…)”意思是:”越…越…”The more, the better.
(3)主+ is + the 形容词⽐较级+of the two+名复 “主语是两者中较......的”
4. 两者在某⼀⽅⾯相同:A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B.
Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表⽰两者在某⼀⽅⾯不及另⼀⽅时,⽤“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”
I am not as tall as my sister.
5. 形容词,副词⽐较级前的修饰语。
当需要表⽰⼀⽅超过另⼀⽅的程度时,可以⽤much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词⽐较级。注意: ⽐较级不能⽤very, so, too, quite等修饰。
【重点短语】
1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗
2. as...as...与…… ⼀样
3. the singing competition 歌咏⽐赛
4. the most important 最重要的
5. be talented in music 在⾳乐⽅⾯有天赋
6. the same as 与……相同
7. care about 关⼼/留意/关注
8. be different from 与…...不同
9. be like a mirror 像⼀⾯镜⼦
10. as long as 只要;与…...⼀样长
11. bring out 显⽰/显出
12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩
13. reach for 伸⼿达到/达到
14. touch one’s heart 感动
15. in fact 事实上
16. make friends 交朋友
17. be good at 在某⽅⾯成绩好
18. the other 另⼀个
19. be similar to 与…相似
20. be good with 与…和睦相处
21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得开⼼
have fun doing sth 做某事很开⼼
22. do the same things as me. 做和我⼀样的事情
23. It’s+adj+(for sb.)to do sth. “做某事(对某⼈来说)是...的 ”
24 make friends with sb. 与某⼈交朋友
25. as long as  只要;既然,引导条件状语从句
【词语辨析】
1. be good at=do well in ,其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表⽰擅长......
2. care about 关⼼
care for 关爱
take care (当/⼩⼼)
take care of (照顾)=look after
3. make sb. do sth. :让(使)某⼈做某事(make后跟不带to的不定式)
His father always make me get up before five o'clock.
make sb. +形容词:使某⼈保持某种状态
My friends always make me happy.
4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.
look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.
5. That’s why+句⼦:那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…
That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努⼒学习英语的原因。
6. be different from 与……不同
反:be the same as 与…… 相同
7. though
① adv. 不过;可是;然⽽(句末补充说明使语⽓减弱)
② conj. 虽然;尽管=although,与but 不能同时⽤在⼀个句⼦中
He said he would come. He didn’t, though.  他说他要来,可是并没有来。
Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多⼈仍然记得他。
8. get better grades 取得更好的成绩
9. does(助动词do/did),为了避免重复,可代替上⽂出现过的实意动词。
10. be good with sb. 与某⼈相处得好
Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?
【重点语法】
1. 形容词最⾼级:⽤于三者或三者以上的⼈或事物相⽐较。
标志词:表⽐较范围时⽤in/of
形容词最⾼级前须加定冠词the,副词最⾼级前可省略the。
2. 表⽰“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型
1)A + be + the 形容词最⾼级 + 表⽰范围(in/of介词短语)
2)A + 实意动词 + (the) 副词最⾼级 + 表⽰范围的of/in介词短语
3. 常⽤句式
1) Who/ Which…+ 最⾼级…, A, B or C ?
2) one of +the +形容词最⾼级 +名词复数形式,  意为“最…之⼀”。
3)序数词后跟形容词最⾼级
【重点短语】
1. so far 到⽬前为⽌,迄今为⽌
2. no problem 没什么,别客⽓
3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、兴趣等⽅⾯)相同
4. be up to 由…...决定/是…...的职责
5. all kinds of … 各种各样的……
6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 发挥作⽤,有影响
7. make up 编造(故事、谎⾔等)
8. for 例如
9. take …..seriously 认真对待
10. not everybody 并不是每个⼈
11. close to 离..….近
12. more and more 越来越……
【词语辨析】
1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你认为…怎么样?”
2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感谢…”
3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客⽓
4. talent 名(可)天赋
talent show 才艺表演
talented adj. 有天赋的
be talented in 在......⽅⾯有天赋
5. be good at  擅长… (= do well in)
反义短语:be poor / weak in  在...⽅⾯薄弱
be good for 对……有益,后跟⼈或事物;其反义短语是be bad for
be good to 对……好(和善;慈爱),相当于 be friendly to,后⾯通常接⼈
6. all kinds of 各种各样的
different kinds of 不同种类的
a kind of  ⼀种…...
* kind of  有点+ adj.:  kind of boring / fat /thin
7. win vt. 赢得+奖品  winner n. 赢者

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