linux下使⽤shell命令通过wpa_cli控制wpa_supplicant连接wifi
最近在调试wifi，已经把wpa_supplicant ⼯具编译打包好了，为了测试wif驱动及wifi模块是否ok，需要⽤shell命令临时启动wifi服务连接wifi 热点测试。
⾸先板⼦启动⽤ifconfig后先把wlan0启动起来
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 up
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
RX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:13931 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)  TX bytes:773000 (754.8 KiB)
wlan0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
现在wlan0已经up起来了。
然后启动wpa服务，需要⼀个f，我的配置如下
update_config=1
ctrl_interface=/data/misc/wifi/wlan0
eapol_version=1
ap_scan=1
fast_reauth=1
其中的ctrl_interface就是⽤来和wpa_cli通信使⽤，其原理是wpa_supplicant是个⼲活的wifi服务器（⽐如连接wifi，断开wifi，启动热点等），wpa_cli就是个客户端，通过本地socket通信连接上wpa_supplicant服务器，发命令叫他⼲活。
现在把wpa_supplicant服务启动起来
root@p1:/ # wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/system/etc/wifi/f -B
-B是在后台运⾏，如果想要看过程中的详细log，可以加上参数-dd，然后⽤logcat同时看log。
现在wpa服务已经起来了，下⾯⽤wpa_cli客户端连接到wpa
wpa_cli -iwlan0 -p/data/misc/wifi/wlan0
wpa_cli v2.1-devel-4.4.2
Copyright (c) 2004-2013, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi> and contributors
This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
See README for more details.
Interactive mode
>
以上log显⽰已经连接上wpa了
如果wpa异常，cli就⽆法连接会看到⼀下log，然后wpa_cli处于阻塞状态
Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: wlan0 - re-trying
现在我们的wpa_cli已经连上了，可以通过命令来查看当前的wifi状态
> status
wpa_state=DISCONNECTED
p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
现在我们还没有连接⽹络，⾸先使⽤scan命令扫描⼀下附近的wifi⽹络，然后使⽤scan_results显⽰扫描的结果
> scan
OK
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=2 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
scan scan_interval scan_results
> scan_results
bssid / frequency / signal level / flags / ssid
50:fa:84:50:31:5e      2472    -75    [WPA-PSK-CCMP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]      \xe6\xb5\xb7\xe8\xb1\x9a
28:6c:07:41:ec:325745    -83    [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]      AirFly_5G
5e:ea:1d:8b:2b:585745    -86    [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][WPS][ESS]      DIRECT-58-HP M130 LaserJet
f2:85:c1:92:1e:415765    -86    [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS]    AIRFLY-921E52
28:6c:07:41:ec:312417    -85    [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]      AirFly
2a:6c:07:41:ec:312417    -86    [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]      AirFly_Guest
dc:fe:18:14:e4:655805    -92    [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][ESS]    632-5G
f4:28:53:b9:dc:005745    -92    [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS]      Tony_5G_O
c0:21:0d:45:10:c1      5260    -76    [ESS]  X-Link 10C1
f4:28:53:a6:ed:f1      5220    -90    [ESS]  PIX-LINK_5G
2a:6c:07:40:ec:312417    -89    [ESS]
f4:28:53:a6:ed:f0      2437    -92    [ESS]  PIX-LINK_2.4G
这⾥也⽀持命令的tab补全功能，现在已经扫描到附近的⼀些wifi热点了，⽐如AirFly,AirFly_5G等是我们办公室的⽆线⽹，由于这个wifi模块不⽀持5G频道，现在只能连接2.4G的，AirFly
下⾯我们来添加⼀个刚才扫描的⽹络进来
> add_network
> add_network
1
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
list of variables when run without arguments)
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
list of variables when run without arguments)
<network id> <variable> <value> = set network variables (shows
list of variables when run without arguments)
> set_network 1 ssid "AirFly"
OK
> set_network 1 psk "********"
OK
现在只是添加了⽹络，还没连接，真正连接命令是
enable_network n
后⾯的参数n就是刚才设置的那个⽹络 1
> enable_network 1
OK
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=cipher命令
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-ASSOC-REJECT status_code=1
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-DISCONNECTED bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 reason=15
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=0 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=3 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS
<3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE
<3>Trying to associate with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 (SSID='AirFly' freq=2417 MHz)
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=-1 state=5 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=6 BSSID=00:00:00:00:00:00 SSID=AirFly
<3>Associated with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=7 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=8 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>WPA: Key negotiation completed with 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 [PTK=CCMP GTK=TKIP]
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=] <3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
这个过程有点长，好⼏秒到最后显⽰
CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - Connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed
的时候才是真正连接上了，现在再⽤status看⼀下wifi的状态
> status
bssid=28:6c:07:41:ec:31
ssid=AirFly
id=1
mode=station
pairwise_cipher=CCMP
group_cipher=TKIP
key_mgmt=WPA2-PSK
wpa_state=COMPLETED
p2p_device_address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
address=7c:dd:90:ec:f2:1e
<3>CTRL-EVENT-STATE-CHANGE id=1 state=9 BSSID=28:6c:07:41:ec:31 SSID=AirFly
<3>CTRL-EVENT-CONNECTED - connection to 28:6c:07:41:ec:31 completed (auth) [id=1 id_str=] > quit
现在显⽰已经连接上了wifi了，使⽤quit命令可以退出wpa_cli。
接下来⽤udhcpc处理ip地址的
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
RX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:295043 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)  TX bytes:16374716 (15.6 MiB)
wlan0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E
inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:468 errors:0 dropped:203 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:10 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:136293 (133.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1248 (1.2 KiB)
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp udhcpc -iwlan0
udhcpc (v1.20.0) started
Sending select for192.168.
Lease of 192.168.11.55 obtained, lease time43200
现在获取到⼀个可⽤的ip地址，使⽤ifconfig设置给wlan0
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig wlan0 192.168.11.55
root@p1:/ # busybox-smp ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
RX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:326867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)  TX bytes:18140948 (17.2 MiB)
wlan0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 7C:DD:90:EC:F2:1E
inet addr:192.168.11.55  Bcast:192.168.11.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::7edd:90ff:feec:f21e/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:765 errors:0 dropped:253 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:225470 (220.1 KiB)  TX bytes:1960 (1.9 KiB)
⽹络现在算是简单的配好了，可以和电脑端⽤ping命令来看下是否连通
在pc上通过cmd窗⼝ping 192.158.11.55
C:\Users\LXN>ping192.168.11.55
正在 Ping 192.168.11.55具有32字节的数据:
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=23ms TTL=64
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=31ms TTL=64
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=27ms TTL=64
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=18ms TTL=64
192.168.11.55的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返⾏程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 18ms，最长 = 31ms，平均 = 24ms
C:\Users\LXN>ping192.168.11.55
正在 Ping 192.168.11.55具有32字节的数据:
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=627ms TTL=64
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=580ms TTL=64
来⾃192.168.11.55的回复: 字节=32时间=275ms TTL=64
请求超时。
192.168.11.55的 Ping 统计信息:
数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 3，丢失 = 1 (25% 丢失)，
往返⾏程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
最短 = 275ms，最长 = 627ms，平均 = 494ms
已经可以ping通，不过貌似不是很稳定，两次ping测试有⼀次丢掉了⼀个包。

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