习惯上⽤于“on+名词”的搭配
习惯上⽤于“on+名词”的若⼲搭配
英语中习惯上⽤于“on +名词”的搭配不多，常见的有以下⼀些：
■on approval（指货物）供试⽤的；包退包换的
The goods were supplied on approval. 这些商品是供试⽤的。
Please send me the book on approval. 请将该书寄来⼀阅，以便决定购买与否。
【注】有时approval前可以有修饰语。如：
We have sent you these goods on five days’ appro val. 我们送上这包包退商品，供君试⽤五天。
■on average 中等（⽔平）；平均起来，按平均数计算
His school work is on (the) average. 他的学业成绩属中等⽔平。
He smokes 10 cigarettes a day on average. 他平均每天抽10⽀烟。
We received 20 letters a day on average. 我们平均每天接到20封来信。
【注】有时也说 on an average或on the average。
■on board 在船上，在飞机上，在⽕车上
When everybody was on board, the ship sailed. 等所有的⼈都上了船，船启航了。
When all passengers were on board, the train pulled out of the station. 所有乘客都上车后，⽕车开出了车站。
【注】on board还可⽤作介词，其后跟表⽰车、船、飞机的名词。如：
He has never been on board a ship before. 他从来没有乘过船。
Mr Smith is on board one of those ships. 史密斯先⽣在其中的⼀条船上。
■on business 办事，因公
He went to London on business. 他因公事去伦敦。
Are you here on business or for pleasure? 你来此地是出差还是游览？
■on condition 倘若，如果，条件是
I’ll come on condition John is invited too.如果约翰也被邀请，我就来。
Visitors are allowed in the gardens on condition that they don’t touch the plants.参观者允许进⼊花园，条件是不触摸这些植物。
【注】相当于连后，其后引导句⼦，可视为其后省略了that。
■on credit 赊⽋
We don’t sell on credit.我们不赊销。
If you don’t have enough cash, why don’t you make arrangements to buy the car on credit？假若你现⾦不够，为什么不作出安排，赊购这部汽车？
■on cue 恰好在这时候，就在这时候
He said she would be back very soon and, right on cue, she walked in. 他说她很快就回来，说着说着，她⾛进来了。
Just as we’re leaving, right on cue, the kids say they need the toilet.不早不晚，就在我们要离开之时，孩⼦们说他们要上厕所。
■on demand ⼀经要求；在请求时
This check is payable on demand. 这是见票即付的⽀票。
Passengers must show their tickets on demand. 查票时旅客须出⽰车票。
■on display 被展⽰，被陈列
A collection of photographs was on display in the hall. ⼤厅⾥展出了⼀辑照⽚。
Treasures from the sunken ship were put on display at the museum. 沉船的财宝在博物馆展
览。
■on duty 值⽇
Who’s on duty today?今天谁值⽇？
They always have guards on duty at the door. 门⼝他们总是有门卫值班。
■on earth 在世上；到底
I am the luckiest man on earth. 我是世上最幸运的男⼈。
What on earth is the problem? 到底是什么问题？
■on edge 紧张不安，烦躁
She was a bit on edge till she heard he was safe. 她听到他安然⽆恙才放下⼼来。
I’m sorry if I rude to you- I’m a bit on edge at the moment.要是我冒犯了你，那么我很抱歉—我此刻有点烦躁。
■on end 直⽴；连续地
The terrible sight made her hair stand on end. 那可怕的景象使她⽑⾻悚然。
It has been snowing for a week on end. 雪连续下了⼀周了。
■on file 存档
We have all your particulars on file. 我们已把你的全部资料存档。
The interviewer promised to keep my job application on file. 主持⾯试的⼈答应将我的⼯作申请存档。
■on fire着⽕了
Wake up! The house is on fire! 快醒醒！房⼦着⽕啦！
Help! The frying’s on fire!快来啊！平底锅着⽕了！
■on foot 徒步，步⾏；在进⾏中
Shall we go by car or on foot? 我们坐车去还是⾛路去？
A project is on foot to build a new tunnel. 建造⼀条新隧道的计划在着⼿进⾏中。
■on guard 值班，当班；警戒
The sentry is on guard. 那哨兵在担任警戒。
Two men are on guard at the door. 两⼈在门⼝站岗。
■on hand 在⼿上；在场
He always has his dictionary on hand when he studies. 他学习时总是把词典放在⼿边。
There is a teacher on hand to help during your private study periods. ⾃修课上有教师在场辅导。■on holiday 在度假，在休假
The typist is away on holiday this week. 打字员本周休假。
They went on holiday last month. 他们上个⽉度假去了。
■on holidays在节假⽇，在公休⽇
On holidays the railways put on special trains. 假⽇铁路增加专列。
Travel is very heavy here on holidays. 假⽇这⾥的交通很拥挤。
【注】注意on holidays 与on holiday 在含义上的区别。
■on impulse ⼀时冲动，⼀时⼼⾎来潮
He saw them get into the car and on an impulse he followed them. 他看见他们钻进汽车，⼀时冲动之下他跟了上去。
On impulse, I picked up the phone and rang my sister in Australia. 我⼀时⼼⾎来潮，拿起话筒就给在澳⼤利亚的妹妹打了个电话。
■on leave在休假
He is coming home on leave of absence. 他将回家休假。
You cannot find John because he is on leave now. 你不到约翰的，因为他正在休假。
■on line 在线，在⽹上；（按计划）在运转，在运⾏
You can book tickets on line. 你可以在线订票。
If there is a power failure, the emergency generators should come on line within 15 minutes. 如果出现停电，应急发电机将在15分钟内开始运⾏。
■on loan 借（来）
He has my car on loan. 他借了我的汽车。
I have the book on loan from the library. 我从图书馆借了这本书。
■on oath 发誓
Is she prepared to give evidence on oath? 他准备发誓作证吗？
I testify on oath that I have not noticed the accident. 我发誓声明我没有注意到这场事故。
■on occasion偶尔，有时
I meet him on occasion at the club or in the theatre. 我有时在俱乐部或在戏院⾥遇到他。
He reads detective stories on occasion. 他偶尔阅读侦探⼩说。
■on offer 供出售的（尤指削价出售的）
There are only inferior on offer. 只有低档货出售。
Baked beans are on offer this week at the local supermarket. 当地超级市场本周烘⾖罐头⼤减价。
■on order 定购中，定制中
The shoes are on order and will be shipped next week. 鞋⼦已经订购但尚未交付，下个星期就可以装运了。
The textbook you require is temporarily out of stock, but it’s on order.您要买的教科书暂时没有货，但是已经订购了。
■on paper 在纸上；以书⾯形式；在理论上
The children drew the outline of flowers on paper, then colored them. 孩⼦们把花的轮廓画在纸上，然后涂上颜⾊。
Why don’t you set your ideas down o n paper? 你怎么不把你的想法以书⾯形式写出来呢?
It’s a fine scheme on paper, but will it work in practice?那计划从理论上看不错，不过实践上是否可⾏?
■on purpose故意地，特意地
“You’ve torn a page out of my book!” “I’m sorry, I didn’t do it on purpose.”“我的书给你撕掉了⼀页啦！”“很对不起，我不是故意的。”
I came a bit early on purpose, to see if I could help you. 我特地早⼀点来，看看能不能帮你的忙。■on request ⼀经要求Catalogues are available on request. 备有⽬录供索取。
The library will lend you this book on request. 只要你提出要求，图书馆就借给你这本书
【注】其中的on 也可换成 upon。如：
A pamphlet will be sent on [upon] request. ⼩册⼦函索即寄。
■on record 正式记录的；公开发表的
Last summer was the wettest on record for 50 years. 刚过去的这个夏季是50年来记录中⾬⽔最多的。
She’s on record as opposing the new law.她反对这项新法律，这是有案可查的。
■on sale出售，有售
Every article on view will be on sale. 每件展品都将出售。
This week’s edition is on sal e now at your local newsagents. 本期周刊已公开发售，读者可向各报贩购买。
■on schedule按照预定时间，及时，准时
The train arrived on schedule. ⽕车按时到达。
The alarm woke him on schedule. 闹钟准时把他闹醒。
■on shore 在岸上，在陆上
Passengers can speak to their friends on shore through wireless telephone. 乘客可以通过⽆线电话和岸上的朋友讲话。When the ship arrived at the port, some sailors went on shore. 船到港⼝后，有些⽔⼿上岸去了。■on show在展出；在陈列Scores of imported cars are on show here. ⼏⼗辆进⼝车正在这⾥展出。
The collection is on show at the British Museum. 那批收藏品⽬前在⼤英博物馆展出。
■on strike 在罢⼯（罢课、罢市）
schedule用法及搭配The students are out on strike. 学⽣举⾏罢课。
The workers have been on strike for two weeks now. ⼯⼈已经罢⼯两星期。
■on time准时
The trains run on time. ⽕车很准时。
We have to arrive on time at the doctor’s office.我们得准时到达医⽣的办公室。
■on tiptoe 踮着脚；盼望
They stood on tiptoe to get a better look at the parade. 他们踮起脚以便把游⾏场⾯看得更清楚些。
The children were on tiptoe for vacation to begin. 孩⼦们急切地盼望假期开始。
【注】其中的tiptoe有时可⽤复数，且此时可以有物主代词修饰。如：
We crept around on (our) tiptoes so as not to disturb him. 为了不打扰他，我们蹑⼿蹑脚地⾛过去。
■on top 在上边；处于优势
The green book is at the bottom of the pile and the red one is on top. 绿⽪的书在那⼀摞的底下，红⽪的在上边。
Lendl was on top throughout the match. 伦德尔在⽐赛中始终占优势。
■on trial 在试⽤；在受审
The clerk was employed on trial. 那个职员是试⽤的。
Take the machine on trial for a week. 把这机器试验⼀星期。
He was on trial for murder. 他因谋杀罪⽽受审。
■on vacation在休假
She plans to go on vacation for most of August. 她打算利⽤8⽉的⼤部分时间度假。
They have gone to France on vacation. 他们到法国去度假了。
■on view 供⼈观看；陈列着
The exhibition is on view until September. 展览将办到9⽉。
The latest summer fashions are now on view in the big shops. 最新的夏装款式⽬前正在各⼤商店中展出。

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