Key to Exercises
Opener
Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock.
Abbreviation                    Meaning
1. TGIF                        Thank God it’s Friday
2. AMA                        Ask me anything
3. OMG                        Oh my God!
4. YOLO                        You only live once
5. FOMO                    Fear of missing out
6. FYI                        For your information
7. LOL                        Laugh out loud
8. TBH                        To be honest
9. PPL                        People
10. ETA                        Estimated time of arrival
Transcript:
A: Hey, Mary.
B: Hey, Mel.
A: TGIF.
B: TGIF.
A: Mel, I need some advice on something.
B: AMA?
A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo.
B: OMG! Really? Are you serious?
A: Well, YOLO.
B: That’s true.
A: Well.
B: When are you going to do it?
A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come?
B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO.
A: What a shame!
B: Yeah,
A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead.
B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend.
A: What? That’s so not like you.
B: LOL, that’s true.
A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL.
B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell? Yes, why not? I’ll go.
A: OK, well, OK. What do you wanna do? Do you want to come to mine first?
B: Sounds good.
A: And ETA?
B: Eh eight o’clock?
A: Eight, eight o’clock?
B: Yeah.
A: On the dot?
B: Won’t be late.
A: OK. Cool. Later.
B: See you later, bye.
A: Bye.
Reading & Interacting
I. Understanding the Text
1. Text Organization
Parts
Paragraphs
Subtitles
Main Ideas
Part One
Paras. 1–4
(An introduction)
The Internet is changing the way we communicate.
Part Two
Paras. 5–6
What about emoticons and emojis?
submittingEmoticons and emojis are the fastest growing “new language” in the world, and the keyboards of the future will probably contain some of them.
Part Three
Paras. 7–9
How emojis add meaning
With images of facial expressions or objects, emoticons and emojis can be used to vividly describe mood, which is what the written word has lacked, and thus help avoid misunderstanding.
Part Four
Paras. 10–12
The web’s positive effects on writing
The Internet is sharpening up writing skills, driving language to become more globalized and spawning new specialisms.
Part Five
Paras. 13–14
Are mobile devices and 140 character limits changing language?
People are influenced by the poorly constructed content on their mobile devices and respond in the same way, resulting in lowered language standards.
Part Six
Paras. 15–17
It’s all about context
It is still best to be formal in the world of work.
Part Seven
Paras. 18–20
Why changing online language doesn’t matter
Language has a way of evolving and education will need to change, too.
2. Comprehension Check
2.1 Digging into detail
1) They are more concerned with getting their message across rather than grammar, spelling or
sentence structure.
2) We are increasingly using more streamlined and concise language.
3) They can be used to describe the mood of communicators and clarify the real meaning of their
message.
4) It is sharpening up writing skills. It shows the disparity between good and bad writing, and as a
result writers are becoming better educated and more aware of global grammatical standards.
5) Because of the Internet, many Americanisms such as “road trip” and “what’s up” have been
ingrained into “International English.”
6) Writers who specialize in short form and writers who focus on long form.
7) There is a 140-character limit to a message and little room to worry about grammar.
8) It is the web culture itself rather than mobile devices and social channels.
9) It is best to communicate formally in the workplace, especially with older co-workers and clients.
10) It will become less of a priority since “standard” grammar is evolving.
2.2 Understanding difficult sentences
1. B   2. A  3. B   4. B
II. Focusing on Language in Context
1. Key Words & Expressions
1.1
1) We had a detailed discussion of Jane Austen’s writing style.
2) A motivated and committed team is vital to business success.
3) The experiment is at best only partially successful, leaving much to be desired.
4) Nearly everyone here hails from a small town at the foot of Mount Eden.
5) Despite the weak economy, these CEOs are quite confident about the future of their own business.
6) You have to be aware of cultural differences when doing business in a globalized mark
et.
7) Professional translators quite often specialize in just one field, for example law or medicine.

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