MATLAB - The Language Of Technical Computing
MATLAB is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages such as C, C++, and Fortran. You can use MATLAB in a wide range of applications, including signal and image processing, communications, control design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology. Add-on toolboxes (collections of special-purpose MATLAB functions, available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems in these application areas. MATLAB provides a number of features for documenting and sharing your work. You can integrate your MATLAB code with other languages and applications, and distribute your MATLAB algorithms and applications.
MATLAB has key featuers as follows:（1）High-level language for technical computing （2）Development environment for managing code, files, and data（3）Interactive tools for iterative exploration, design, and problem solving 4）Mathematical functions for linear algebra, statistics, Fourier analysis, filtering, optimization, and numerical integration （5）2-
D and 3-D graphics functions for visualizing data （6）Tools for building custom graphical user interfaces （7） Functions for integrating MATLAB based algorithms with external applications and languages, such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, COM, and Microsoft Excel
The MATLAB language supports the vector and matrix operations that are fundamental to engineering and scientific problems. It enables fast development and execution. With the MATLAB language, you can program and develop algorithms faster than with traditional languages because you do not need to perform low-level administrative tasks, such as declaring variables, specifying data types, and allocating memory. In many cases, MATLAB eliminates the need for ‘for’ loops. As a result, one line of MATLAB code can often replace several lines of C or C++ code. At the same time, MATLAB provides all the features of a traditional programming language, including arithmetic operators, flow control, data structures, data types, object-oriented programming (OOP), and debugging features. MATLAB lets you execute commands or groups of commands one at a time, without compiling and linking, enabling you to quickly iterate to the optimal solution. For fast execution of heavy matrix and vector computations, MATLAB uses processor-optimiz
ed libraries. For general-purpose scalar computations, MATLAB generates machine-code instructions using its JIT (Just-In-Time) compilation technology. This technology, which is available on most platforms, provides execution speeds that rival those of traditional programming languages. MATLAB includes development tools that help you implement your algorithm efficiently. These include the following: MATLAB Editor - Provides standard editing and debugging features, such as setting breakpoints and single stepping. M-Lint Code Checker - Analyzes your code and recommends changes to improve its performance and maintainability. MATLAB Profiler - Records the time spent executing each line of code. Directory Reports - Scan all the files in a directory and report on code efficiency, file differences, file dependencies, and code coverage。
You can use the interactive tool GUIDE (Graphical User Interface Development Environment) to lay out, design, and edit user interfaces. GUIDE lets you include list boxes, pull-down menus, push buttons, radio buttons, and sliders, as well as MATLAB plots and ActiveX controls. Alternatively, you can create GUIs programmatically using MATLAB functions.
MATLAB supports the entire data analysis process, from acquiring data from external devices and databases, through preprocessing, visualization, and numerical analysis, to producing presentation-quality output.
The MATLAB product provides interactive tools and command-line functions for data analysis operations, including:
▪(1)Interpolating and decimating
▪(2)Extracting sections of data, scaling, and averaging
▪(3)Thresholding and smoothing
▪(4)Correlation, Fourier analysis, and filtering
▪transform中文翻译(5)1-D peak, valley, and zero finding
▪(6)Basic statistics and curve fitting
▪(7)Matrix analysis
MATLAB is an efficient platform for accessing data from files, other applications, databases, and external devices. You can read data from popular file formats, such as Microsoft Excel; ASCII text or binary files; image, sound, and video files; and scientific files, such as HDF and HDF5. Low-level binary file I/O functions let you work with data files in any format. Additional functions let you read data from Web pages and XML.
You can call other applications and languages, such as C, C++, COM objects, DLLs, Java, Fortran, and Microsoft Excel, and access FTP sites and Web services. Using the Database Toolbox™, you can also access data from ODBC/JDBC-compliant databases.
You can acquire data from hardware devices, such as your computer‘s serial port or sound card. Using the Data Acquisition Toolbox™ , you can stream live, measured data directly into MATLAB for analysis and visualization. The Instrument Control Toolbox™ (available separately) enables communication with GPIB and VXI hardware.
All the graphics features that are required to visualize engineering and scientific data are available in MATLAB®. These include 2-D and 3-D plotting functions, 3-D volume visualiz
ation functions, tools for interactively creating plots, and the ability to export results to all popular graphics formats. You can customize plots by adding multiple axes; changing line colors and markers; adding annotation, LaTEX equations, and legends; and drawing shapes.You can visualize vectors of data with 2-D plotting functions that create:
▪(1)Line, area, bar, and pie charts
▪(2)Direction and velocity plots
▪(3)Histograms
▪(4)Polygons and surfaces
▪(5)Scatter/bubble plots
▪(6)Animations
▪
The MATLAB product provides functions for visualizing 2-D matrices, 3-D scalar, and 3-D vector data. You can use these functions to visualize and understand large, often complex, multidimensional data. You can specify plot characteristics, such as camera viewing angle, perspective, lighting effect, light source locations, and transparency. 3-D plotting functions include: Surface, contour, and mesh, Image plots ，Cone, slice, stream, and isosurface.

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