专升本英语-阅读(二)
(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、
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二、
Passage One
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Animals have different ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm
wintertime home.
Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation.
There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernating.
One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice.
Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators.
Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Others do not.
Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation.
There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernating.
One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice.
Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators.
Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Others do not.
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(1).Hibernation is a seasonal practice. This means it ______.（分数：2.00）
A.takes place only during a particular season √
&urs only during the night
C.is a daily practice
&ly happens when a species becomes over-populated
解析：第四段。科学家对冬眠这一现象唯一所能肯定的是，它只在寒冷的季节发生。所以叫季节性睡眠。其他三个选项不符合文中所提及的。
(2).Some scientists believe that hibernation is started by ______.（分数：2.00）
A.over-eating
B.calcium deposits
C.a body chemical √
D.a lack of water
解析：第三段。这段说有的科学家做了这方面的研究，认为，冬眠很可能是因为动物自身释放的化学物质所导致的。
(3).The underlined word "hibernation" in Paragraph 2 means ______.（分数：2.00）
A.a sleep to avoid eating
B.a temperature in a cold weather
C.a sleep in the cold season √
D.an animal to practice sleep in winter
解析：第二段。这段解释什么是冬眠。第一句说的是发生在冬天的睡眠的现象，最后总结
这个现象就是冬眠。
(4).The main idea of this passage is ______.（分数：2.00）
A.many animals die during hibernation
hibernating B.hibernation protects animals during the wintertime
C.scientists feel puzzled about hibernation √
D.some bats hibernate and others do not
解析：第三段和最后一段都点明了主题。科学家对动物的冬眠仍有很多疑问。选项A文中并未涉及。选项B和D是文中的事实。
三、
Passage Two
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It is physically impossible for a well-educated intellectual, or a brave man to make money the chief object of his thoughts; as physically impossible as it is for him to make his dinner the principal object of them. All healthy people like their dinner, but their dinner is not the main object of their lives. So all healthy-minded people like making money-ought to like it and to enjoy the satisfaction of winning it; but the main object of their lives is not money; it is something better than money.
A good soldier, for instance, mainly wishes to do his fighting well. He is glad of his pay-very properly so, and just complains when you keep him ten months without it; still, his main opinion of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them.
So of doctors. They like fees no doubt-ought to like them; yet if they are brave and well educated, the entire object of their lives is not fees. They would rather cure their patient and lose their fees than kill him and get it. And so with all other brave and rightly trained men; their work is first, their fees second, very important always, but still second.
A good soldier, for instance, mainly wishes to do his fighting well. He is glad of his pay-very properly so, and just complains when you keep him ten months without it; still, his main opinion of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them.
So of doctors. They like fees no doubt-ought to like them; yet if they are brave and well educated, the entire object of their lives is not fees. They would rather cure their patient and lose their fees than kill him and get it. And so with all other brave and rightly trained men; their work is first, their fees second, very important always, but still second.
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(1).The main idea of this passage is that ______.（分数：2.00）
& matters more than work
& is not necessary at all
& is as important as work
& comes second to work in importance √
解析：文章的第一段就点明（最后三行）：心智健康的人喜欢挣钱，但这并不是他们生活的主要目的，在他们的生活中有比钱更重要的东西。第二段和第三段分别以医生和士兵为例说明心智健康的人视自己的工作高于钱。
(2).The passage implies that healthy-minded people best enjoy ______.（分数：2.00）
A.the happiness of accomplishing their work √
B.the satisfaction of making money
C.the pleasure of having their dinner
D.the fun of fighting battles
解析：全文说明了心智健康的人，他们觉得最享受的是完成工作本身的快乐，并不是挣钱的满足。
(3).According to the author, a good soldier ______.（分数：2.00）
A.dislikes his pay
B.ignores his pay
C.ought to enjoy his pay √
D.doesn't complain when kept without pay for months
解析：第二段和第三段连起来读。一个优秀的士兵，他会很高兴得到报酬，如果十个月不
给他工资，他也会抱怨，但只是抱怨而已。他生活的主要目标是打胜仗，但不是为了报酬而打胜仗。医生跟士兵是一样的，他们无疑高兴得到报酬——本来就应该高兴，但他们宁愿给病人治好病而丢了报酬，也不愿把病人杀了而得到报酬。所以，对所有其他勇敢的并受到很好训练的人来说，工作是第一位的，报酬是第二位的。
(4).Which of the following is the chief technique used by the author to support his argument?（分数：2.00）
A.Sharp contrast.
B.Logical reasoning. √
C.Detailed description
D.Illustration with examples.
解析：这篇文章采用的不是比较的手法，文章中也没有细节的描述。虽然，在文中作者通过医生和士兵两类人说明自己的观点，但只是泛指，并未用具体的事例证明自己的观点。通篇作者采用的是逻辑说理的方法来表明观点。
四、
Passage Three
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Beware of those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can create a false impression.
For example, someone might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!"
This guy's a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser!
He didn't say anything that was false, but he deliberately omitted important information. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.
For example, someone might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!"
This guy's a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He's really a big loser!
He didn't say anything that was false, but he deliberately omitted important information. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.
Untrustworthy candidates in political campaigns often use this tactic. Let's say that during Governor Smith's last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents runs an ad saying, "During Governor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs!" That's true. However an honest statement would have been, "During Governor Smith's term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs."
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might boast, "Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples." It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It's a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
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