2020年高考必刷卷（新课标卷）04
英语
（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is body surfing?
Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools such as a surfboard.That’s why it is called the“purest”form of surfing.In fact,it is one of very few extreme sports—free climbing and cliff diving are. others—that can be practiced using nothing but the human body.
How do you do it?
To catch a wave,swim to where the waves break and,as one approaches,start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and,if you do it correctly,you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards.Then try and cut along the surface of the wave.
What do you need?
It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers(large flat rubber shoes).This is because they enable you to swim faster and surf along them more easily.A wetsuit is also advisable.Another aid is a handboard,a mini-surf board about the size of an iron,held in one hand to speed up along the wave.If you are lucky enough to be surfing in warm water,make sure you have your boardshorts at the ready.
Unofficial world championship
Bodysurfing is not a professional sport,but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year.Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia,Brazil,Japan or France. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than12times,and Kelly Slater,the greatest surfer in history,has also competed.
hibernating1.How does a bodysurfer surf while in the sea?
A.Only using the human body.
B.Only relying on a surfboard.
C.Only following a wave.
D.Only swimming along the beach.
2.Which can make you surf faster?
A.Flippers and a wetsuit.
B.A wetsuit and a handboard.
C.A handboard and boardshorts.
D.A handboard and Flippers.
3.What can we know about the Pipeline Body surfing Classic?
A.It is for local bodysurfers.
B.It is held annually in Hawaii.
C.All famous bodysurfers favor it.
D.Mike Stewart attends it every year.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项非专业的运动——人体冲浪。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools
such as a surfboard.和that can be practiced using nothing but the human body.可知，人体冲浪是在没有冲浪板等辅助工具帮助的情况下在海浪上冲浪。故选A。
2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers(large flat rubber
shoes).如果你使用脚蹼会更舒适、更安全，和Another aid is a handboard,a mini-surf board about the size of an iron,held in one hand to speed up along the wave.一只手拿着冲浪板可以加速冲浪。故选D。
3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Bodysurfing is not a professional sport,but in Hawaii there is such
a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year.在夏威夷每年都会有一个名为管道人体冲浪经
典的节日。故选B。
B
Promise Sawyers,a10-year-old girl in Nashville,Tenn.,is inspiring people old and young after making a video before going to school“bigger and better”with her natural hair,just one day after she was made fun of for her afro.
Promise Sawyers’motivational video was posted online by her mom Qui Daugherty,after the5th-grader secretly recorded it on Daugherty’s phone.In it,Sawyers explained that she was feeling“some type of way”after her classmates had mean things to say after she wore her natural hair the day before.But she was determined not to let it bring her down,and wore it the same way the following day.“Don’t allow anyone to steal your joy,”Promise said.“Don’t give them that much power.”
Daugherty says that Promise has been surrounded by that type of positivity her whole life.She’s always taught her daughter to“meet a negative with a positive”,even when somebody is trying to bring her down.And although this example seems like one of the more disheartening(令人气馁的)ones that Promise has faced after starting at a new school,her video proved that she took her mom’s advice to heart.
Now,nearly2million views later,people everywhere are responding to the video.“We had no idea the
impact that it was going to make and the amount of messages,”Daugherty said.“It’s made a huge impact behind the scenes that has blessed me personally.”
Daugherty jokes that Promise doesn’t understand how influential her words are.Instead,the10-year-old is just excited about the millions of views.
“I just tell her not to focus on the numbers,”Daugherty says.“Let’s find a way we can be impactful behind this and make an influence and inspire people.That’s all we want.”
4.What does the underlined word“afro”in Paragraph1refer to?
A.A hairstyle.
B.A disability.
C.An attitude.
D.A video.
5.What did Promise decide to do after being teased by her classmates?
A.Seek some advice from her mother.
B.Make herself look bigger and better.
C.Record her sadness on video silently.
D.Keep wearing the same hair to school.
6.What will Daugherty advise Promise to do when there’s something disheartening?
A.Switch to a new start.
B.Look on the bright side.
C.Make necessary changes.
D.Share her joy with others.
7.How did Daugherty feel about people’s response to the video?
A.Embarrassed.
B.Worried.
C.Confused.
D.Surprised.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。10岁的小女孩Promise Sawyers天生拥有蓬松发型，这使她在学校
里遭到了同学的取笑。Promise并没有因此而闷闷不乐，而是用阳光的心态应对一切，坚守自己的快乐。她的视频激励了很多人。
4.A【解析】词义猜测题。联系画线词所在句中的“with her natural hair”和第二段第二句“In it,Sawyers
explained that she was feeling‘some type of way’after her classmates had mean things to say after she wore her natural hair the day before.”可知，同学们嘲笑的是她的头发。由此可推知，afro指的是一种发型。
故选A。
5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“But she was determined not to let it bring her down,and wore it
the same way the following day.”可知，Promise被同学们嘲笑后，决定第二天仍然保持着同样的发型去上学。故选D。
6.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“She’s always taught her daughter to‘meet a negative with a
positive’,even when somebody is trying to bring her down.”可知，Daugherty一直教女儿在遇到令她沮丧的事情时用积极乐观的心态去面对。由此可推知，当女儿遇到令人气馁的事情时，Daugherty会建议她去看到阳光的一面。故选B。
7.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中Daugherty所说的“We had no idea the impact that it was going to
make and the amount of messages”可知，她此前没有料想到这个视频能引起如此大的反响。由此可推知，她对人们对该视频的反应感到吃惊。故选D。
C
Most squirrels don’t hibernate(冬眠).Instead,they store food for the cold season and spend the winter in their nests.But the13-lined ground squirrel,one species of squirrel in the U.S.Midwest,is not the case.For up to8 months,the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all and the heart rate,metabolism(新陈代谢),and body temperature dramatically drop during their long rest,which is similar to bears and other hibernating animals.
To find out how the hibernating squirrels hold back their thirst,a powerful force that could potentially
wake them up,and researchers measured the blood fluid of dozens of squirrels.Generally,a high blood concentration(血液浓度)makes animals,including humans,feel thirty.The sleeping squirrels'blood concentration was low, preventing them from waking up for a drink.Even when researchers woke up the torpid squirrels,they wouldn’t drink a drop until the team artificially increased the concentration of their blood serum.
Next,the researchers wanted to know how the squirrels’blood concentration dropped so low.Perhaps the squirrels drank a lot of water before hibernation to dilute(稀释)their blood,the researchers thought.But when they filmed squirrels preparing for their winter snooze,they found the animals actually drank less water than they normally did.
Instead,chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body (possibly in the bladder),the researchers reported last month in Current Biology.The finding could also explain how other hibernating animals stay containing water.
This new knowledge might one day help humans with conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病),or astronauts who have launched on long space flights.Unfortunately,even if people can figure out how to drop their blood concentration,it’s unlikely they’ll ever be as cute as sleeping squirrels.
8.What do we know about the13-lined ground squirrels?
A.They don’t hibernate like many other squirrels.
B.They are endangered species in the U.S.Midwest.
C.They can live for months without water during hibernation.
D.Their heart rule and body temperature are extremely abnormal.
9.The hibernating squirrels don'feel thirsty because of their___________.
A.high blood concentration
B.low blood concentration
C.low body temperature
D.high heart rate
10.Hibernating squirrels adjust their blood concentrations by_____________.
A.Drinking much water before hibernation
B.Not eating anything during hibernation
C.Drinking less water than they normally do
D.Removing certain chemicals and storing them somewhere
11.What is the author’s attitude towards the new findings?
A.Objective
B.Positive
C.Disappointing
D.Uncaring
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种冬眠的松鼠，地松鼠。它以将电解质从血液中换到其他地方储存的方式来降低血液浓度，而这项发明可能用于糖尿病等人类疾病。
8.C【解析】细节理解题。由第一段For up to8months,the tiny mammals won’t eat or drink anything at all可
知，地松鼠可以多达8个月不吃不喝。即地松鼠冬眠时可以数个月不喝水。故选C。
9.B【解析】推理判断题。由第二段a high blood concentration(血液浓度)makes animals,including humans,feel
thirty可知血液浓度高促使动物包括人类感到口渴，由此可以推断出冬眠的松鼠不口渴是因为血液浓度低。故选B。
10.D【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段chemical tests revealed the squirrels regulate their blood concentration
by getting rid of electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and other chemicals like glucose and urea and storing them elsewhere in the body可知，化学测试表明松鼠调节血液浓度是通过将电解质转移至身体其他部位储存的方式进行的，即移走某种特定的物质即电解质，并储存到其他地方。故选D。
11.B【解析】观点态度题。由最后一段可知这项发现可以用来糖尿病或者帮助长时间在太空站的宇航
员，有实际运用的价值，即作者对此持积极态度。故选B。
D
What inspires kids to be creative and pursue academic excellence?Some teachers use rewards in recognition

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