惊蛰Awakening of Insects
一、惊蛰节气
惊蛰，古称“启蛰”，是二十四节气中的第三个节气，标志着仲春时节的开始；太阳到达黄经345°时。古代分惊蛰为三候：“一候桃始华；二候仓庚（黄鹂）鸣；三候鹰化为鸠。”惊蛰三候所代表的花信为：“一候桃花，二候杏花，三候蔷薇。”
该节气在历史上也曾被称为“启蛰”。《夏小正》曰：“正月启蛰”。在现今的汉字文化圈中，日本仍然使用“启蛰”这个名称。
Awakening of Insects
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Awakening of Insects (Chinese: 惊蛰) falls on March 5 and ends on March 19 this year.
hibernatingAwakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rainfall. As the third solar term in the lunar year, its name alludes to the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.
由来
惊蛰在历史上也曾被称为“启蛰”。《夏小正》曰：“正月启蛰”。在现今的汉字文化圈中，日本仍然使用“启蛰”这个名称。
汉朝第六代皇帝汉景帝的讳为“启”，为了避讳而将“启”改为了意思相近的“惊”字。同时，孟春正月的惊蛰与仲春二月节的“雨水”的顺序也被置换。同样的，“谷雨”与“清明”的顺次也被置换。
汉初以前　立春—启蛰—雨水—春分—谷雨—清明；汉景帝代　立春—雨水—惊蛰—春分—清明—谷雨；进入唐代以后，“启”字的避讳已无必要，“启蛰”的名称又重新被使用。但由于也有不用惯的原因，大衍历再次使用了“惊蛰”一词，并沿用至今。
二、惊蛰气候
“春雷响，万物长”，惊蛰时节正是大好的“九九”艳阳天，气温回升，雨水增多，农家无闲。可谓左河水之“一声霹雳醒蛇虫，几阵潇潇染紫红。九九江南风送暖，融融翠野启春耕。”这
时，我国早已是一派融融的春光了。
Spring ploughing
The Awakening of Insects is an extremely important time for farmers and is widely seen as the beginning of the busiest time for agricultural work. During this period, most parts of China experience the quickest rise in temperatures, with the average level reaching above 10 degrees Celsius, and there is a marked increase in sunshine, which provides good natural conditions for farming.
Old Chinese sayings such as "once the Awakening of Insects comes, spring ploughing never rests" reveal the importance of this term to farmers.
“春雷惊百虫”，温暖的气候条件却利于多种病虫害的发生和蔓延，田间杂草也相继萌发，应及时搞好病虫害防治和中耕除草。“桃花开，猪瘟来”，家禽家畜的防疫也要引起重视了。这时，气温回升较快，长江流域大部地区已渐有春雷。我国南方大部分地区，常年雨水、惊蛰亦可闻春雷初鸣；而华北西北部除了个别年份以外，一般要到清明才有雷声。

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