二、课文精解
SECTION A
1.It begins with my suddenly noticing12distant silver points in the clear brilliant sky filled with an unfamiliar abnormal hum.那天,我突然发现在晴朗的天空中出现了12个银的小点儿,离我很近,发出不正常的嗡嗡声,这种声音我以前从来没听过。one’s doing sth.中,one是doing的逻辑主语,存在主谓关系(某人的举动),该句相当于“It begins with that I ”例:I don’t like that he smokes here=I don’t like his smoking here.我不喜欢他在这里吸烟。主语如果是无生命的东西,就不用所有格,直接用主语+动名词。如:he was afraid of the tent falling down.他担心帐篷掉下来。the tent(帐篷)没有生命。
2.Suddenly,nearby,at the edge of the forest,there’s the tremendous roar of bombs exploding.突然,就在附近,森林的边缘,我听到有巨大的爆炸的声音。(1)at/on the 在……的边缘。而on the edge of还有“濒于;几乎;某事(尤指坏事)快要发生”的意思。
(2)roar作名词时有“咆哮;吼叫”等义,本句中表示“巨响”。roar还可作动词,意为“吼叫;咆哮;大声
地说;呼啸”。例:A police car roared past.一辆警车呼啸而过。
3.I have not yet grown accustomed to war and can’t relate into a single chain of causes and effects these airplanes,the roar of the bombs,the earth radiating out from the forest,and my seemingly inevitable death.我还没有习惯战争,也不能把这些飞机、的轰鸣,森林那边飞溅开来的泥土以及我看似必然的死亡联系成单一的
因果关系。
(1)短语grow accustomed to表示“习惯于;变得习惯”。
(2)该句使用了的搭配,由于宾语太长,因此将状语置于动词与宾语之间,类似的用法:They have in their mind a picture of what an alcoholic should look like.他们的心中有一个酒鬼应有的样子。其中in their mind结构中的宾语同样放在了状语in their mind的后面。
4.And I remember that my mother,pressing me to her,is saying something that I don’t yet know exists,whose meaning I don’t understand:That way is death.我还记得母亲把我紧紧贴在她身边,说着一些我并不知道的东西,我也并不理解其含义:那是一条死路。
该句结构较为复杂,pressing me to her为现在分词作伴随状语。...something that I don’t know exists包含两个定语从句,相当于...something that I don’t know(which)exists,意为“我不知道但是存在的东西。”
5.But I do understand that flight has suddenly become some kind of higher necessity,some new form of life,because every one is running away.但是我知道逃跑突然变成了某种必须要做的事情,一种新的生存方式,因为每个人都在逃跑。(1)flight通常指“航行,航程;航班;飞行”等义,而这里表示“逃跑”,相当于escape。(2)sth.is of high necessity表示“某事非常必要”。
6.It’s a simple ladder wagon,lined with hay,and high up on the hay,on a cotton sheet,rests my grandfather.这是一辆简易马车,车里铺着干草,在干草上,铺着一条棉布床单,我的祖父躺在上面。
unfamiliar该句为and连接的两个并列句。后半句为作状语的介词短语放于句首引起的倒装句,正
常语序为my grandfather rests high up on the hay,on a cottton sheet.
7.It smells of gunpowder,and of burning,decomposing meat after a massacre. Everywhere are the co
rpses of horses,too defenseless in this human war.空气中都是火药味和大屠杀后尸体烧焦和腐烂的味道。到处都是马的死尸,在人类战争中它们是孱弱无力的。
(1)smell of表示“带有……气味”。look,sound,smell,taste,feel等词作连系动词时表示“看起来”“听起来”“闻起来”“尝起来”“摸起来”。通常以被感觉的东西作主语,虽有被动词味,但不用被动语态。
(2)第二句中too defenseless in this human war为定语后置,修饰horses,相当于...horses that are defenseless in this human war.补充说明了在战火纷飞的情况下马儿的命运。
8.Winter is but another season for those in normal conditoins,but for the poor during wartime,winter is a disaster,a pervasive and constant threat.对正常情况下的人们来说,冬天只不过是另一个季节。但对于战时的穷人们来说,冬天是一个灾难,一个无处不在、持续不断的威胁。
第一个but在本句中不是表转折的连接词,而是作副词表示“仅仅”,相当于only。例:I don’t think we’ll manage it.Still,we can but try.我想我们应付不了这事。但不妨试试。第二个but表示“但是”。
9.I weave my way around the backyards with a gang of stray boys;it’s something between play and searching for a scrap of anything edible.我和一流浪的孩子在后院来回跑着玩,这既是游戏,也是为了寻一点吃的东西。
(1)weave one’s way表示“迂回前行”,例:A motorcycle can weave its way through
the cars.摩托车可以在汽车间曲折穿行。
(2)a gang of表示“一帮,一伙”。例:a gang of thugs一歹徒。
10.Weak and stiff from the cold,yet at this moment happy,I carry my treasure home,guarding it jealously.我虚脱不堪,冻得僵硬,但此刻却很开心,我带着我的宝贝回到家,小心地呵护着。
本句信息量虽大,但却是个简单句,主句为I carry my treasure home,主句前面部分为前置定语,guarding it jealously为现在分词作伴随状语。
11.Try as I might,I still can’s understand what we could have done to justify all the suffering war inevitably inflicts.无论我如何努力,我还是想不出那时的我们该以何种方式为这些战争所必然带来的苦难开脱。
(1)try as I might是表示“虽然,尽管”的让步状语从句。as引导的让步从句置于句首时,必须将表语或状语提前(形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提前)构成倒装句。(2)all the suffering war inevitably
inflicts相当于all the suffering(that)war inevitably inflicts(on us)。inflict表示“使遭受打击;使吃苦头”,固定搭配inflict sth.(on/upon sb./sth.)
SECTION B
1.Overnight,a military camp had sprung to life on the empty field just below his home in Normandy.一夜之间,在诺曼底他家下面的空地上,一个军营就矗立了起来。(1)spring作名词时通常表示“春天;弹簧”等义,此处是它的动词形式,spring to life 有“突然出现”的意思。
(2)below指“在……下面”,它与under的不同在于:under指某物在另一物的下面或
底下,两者之间有无一定距离均可。例:Two old men are playing chess under the tree.两个老人正在树下下棋。You’d better lie under a blanket.你最好盖条毯子躺着。below指某物所处的位置低于另一物。例:Have you heard voices in the courtyard below your window?你听到窗户下面的院子里有人在说话吗?
2.Now he watched,wide-eyed,as jeeps roared up the road and men scrambled about,emptying truck
s loaded with guns,ammunition,food,and giant army bags.现在,他眼睛睁得大大的,看着吉普车咆哮着沿路而上,士兵们来回奔忙,从卡车上卸载支、弹药、食物和巨大军用口袋。
(1)wide-eyed表示“睁大眼睛的;天真的”例:She stared at him in wide-eyed amazement.她睁大眼睛惊讶地注视着他。
(2)scramble有“(吃力地)爬,攀登;抢夺”的意思,此处表示“艰难地(或仓促地)完成”。scramble about来回奔忙。
3.The hospital tent was complete,as was the new shower.医护帐篷已建成,新的沐浴室也完工了。
本句中as表示“正如……那样,如同”,例:She’s very tall,as is her mother.她个子很高,和她母亲一样。
4.When the boy nodded,Smith lifted him onto his hip,as he might have done with one of his own sons,and walked briskly toward the tent.小男孩点点头,史密斯把他背到背上,就像对他自己的儿子那样,然后快步向帐篷走去。
(1)lift表示“提起,抬高”,例:They lift the baskets of oranges onto the truck.他们把一篮篮的桔子抬上卡车。
(2)as引导方式状语从句,表示史密斯对儿子也是这样的。
5.Smith piled two plates high with roast beef,carrots,and apple pie sprinkled with sugar.史密斯给他盛了两盘堆得高高的烤牛肉、胡萝卜,还有撒着糖的苹果派。(1)with表示“往……堆放”。
(2)sprinkle表示“撒;洒”。固定搭配“sprinkle A on/onto/over B|sprinkle B with A”。例:She sprinkled sugar over the strawberries.她在草莓上撒了点糖。6.Luis giggled when Smith carried him aloft on his shoulders and soon began riding along in the jeep down to the beach,where Smith supervised the unloading of freight from the ships and took inventory.当史密斯把他高举在自己的肩上时,路易就咯咯地笑,接着,他又跟史密斯一道坐着吉普车来到海滩,史密斯在这里监督货物从船上卸下来并清点货物。
(1)本句是包含了一个when引导的时间状语从句和一个where引导的定语从句。(2)supervise表示“监督,指导”,近义词有monitor,oversee等。
7.Notwithstanding the regulations,Smith enclosed Luis in a hug and promised to return for him later.虽然有规定,史密斯还是紧紧地把路易抱在怀里,答应以后一定会回来他。
(1)notwithstanding在这里为介词“虽然;尽管”,相当于despite;也可作副词,表示“尽管如此”,相当于however。
(2)enclosed sb.in a hug表示“把某人抱在怀里”
8.France was a country torn apart by the bombs of the war and then pieced back together again.法国是一个被战争的炮火撕碎,然后又被重新拼凑起来的国家。(1)torn为tear的过去分词,tear apart表示“使分裂”。例:War and revolution have torn families apart.战争和革命导致许多家庭妻离子散。
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