GaussDB200单机实例安装使⽤教程【⼊门必看】
写在前⾯
GaussDB的产品，最初GaussDB的产品定义有三⼤产品线系列GaussDB 100、GaussDB 200、GaussDB300，简单介绍下：
1）GaussDB 100：主要以OLTP为主。⽬前该产品已经应⽤在招商银⾏。在 2020年6⽉，将会开源单机版本；
2）GaussDB 200：以OLAP为主，兼顾OLTP。该产品以 PostgreSQL 为出发点，⾯向 MPP 研发，⽬前已经在⼯商银⾏得到上线应⽤。
3）GaussDB 300：以 HTAP 为⽅向，是企业级分布式HTAP数据库（Hybrid Transaction and Analytical Process，混合事务和分析处理），民⽣银⾏尝试使⽤。
2019年10⽉左右，华为 GaussDB 的命名再次调整：
GaussDB 100 ，更名为 GaussDB T ，以 OLTP 和集为⽅向；
GaussDB 200 合并 300 的部分设计，更名为 GaussDB A，以分析型为主⽅向；
GaussDB 300，型号取消，涉及功能并⼊ 100 或 200 。
以下是官⽹下载地址：
01环境准备
说说我的环境：windows10开虚机，CentOS7.4（⽬前最⾼⽀持到此版本，请特别注意版本） ,⼤约10G内存 ，4 core
你要是是CentOS系统的话，可以使⽤命令：
[root@GaussDB200 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@GaussDB200 ~]#
再次说明请特别注意版本，不然后⾯还是⽩搭
CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso (我是使⽤的这个 直接⾕歌就⽅便下载到)
[root@localhost ~]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 9.4G 165M 9.1G 8.5M 136M 9.0G
Swap: 15G 0B 15G
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
4 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz
[root@localhost ~]#
1.1 软件准备：
1.2 修改主机名：（修改后reboot⼀下）
1.3 修改hosts⽂件：
1.4 修改OS参数：
vim /f
vm.min_free_kbytes = (free -k|grep Mem|awk ‘{print $2}’)*5%
官⽅解释：强制Linux虚拟内存保留空闲空间的最⼩值，系统总内存的5%perl下载安装教程
1.5 安装依赖包：（防⽌缺包情况）
yum install -y OpenIPMI openldap \
openldap-clients openldap-servers perl-Perlilog procmail python-dateutil \
python-dmidecode python-gudev python-simplejson pytz \
sdparm
依赖包（补充）
yum install acpid.x86_64 at.x86_64 attr.x86_64 autogen-libopts.x86_64 bc.x86_64 bind-libs.x86_64 bind-utils.x86_64 bridge-utils.x86_64 bzip2.x86_64 c-a res.x86_64 checkpolicy.x86_64 cifs-utils.x86_64 crash.x86_64 cryptsetup.x86_64 cups-client.x86_64 cvs.x86_64 cyrus-sasl.x86_64 cyrus-sasl-gssapi.x86 _64 cyrus-sasl-plain.x86_64 ed.x86_64 gamin.x86_64 gdbm-devel.x86_64 glibc-devel.x86_64 glibc-headers.x86_64 gnutls.x86_64 hdparm.x86_64 hesiod .x86_64 http-parser.x86_arch ipmitool.x86_64 iptables-services.x86_64 ipvsadm.x86_64 kernel-headers.x86_64 keyutils.x86_64 libasyncns.x8 6_64 libbasicobjects.x86_64 libcgroup.x86_64 libcollection.x86_64 libdb-devel.x86_64 libdhash.x86_64 libevent.x86_64 libgudev1.x86_64 libini_config.x86 _64 libipa_hbac.x86_64 libitm.x86_64 libldb.x86_64 libmodman.x86_64 libnfsidmap.x86_64 libnl.x86_64 libpath_utils.x86_64 libpcap.x86_64 libproxy.x86_ 64 libref_array.x86_64 libreport-filesystem.x86_64 libsmbclient.x86_64 libsss_autofs.x86_64 libsss_certmap.x86_64 libsss_idmap.x86_64 libsss_nss_idma p.x86_64 libsss_sudo.x86_64 libtalloc.x86_64 libtar.x86_64 libtdb.x86_64 libtevent.x86_64 libtirpc.x86_64 libtool-ltdl.x86_64 libusb.x86_64 libusbx.x86_64 libwbclient.x86_64 libxml2-python.x86_64 lm_sensors-libs.x86_64 lsof.
x86_64 m2crypto.x86_64 m4.x86_64 mailx.x86_64 mdadm.x86_64 mlocate.x86_64 net-snmp.x86_64 net-snmp-agent-libs.x86_64 net-snmp-libs.x86_64 net-snmp-utils.x86_64 nettle.x86_64 nscd.x86_64 nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 ntp.x86 _64 ntpdate.x86_64 numactl.x86_64 numad.x86_64 oddjob.x86_64 oddjob-mkhomedir.x86_64 OpenIPMI.x86_64 OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64 OpenIPMI-modal ias.x86_64 openldap-clients.x86_64 openldap-servers.x86_64 pam_krb5.x86_64 patch.x86_64 pax.x86_64 pciutils.x86_64 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86 _64 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 perl-DBI.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_ arch perl-Test-Harness. noarch perl-version.x86_64 pm-utils.x86_64 portreserve.x86_64 procmail.x86_64 psmisc.x86_64 pygobject2.x86_64 pyOpenSSL.x86_arc h pytalloc.x86_arch python-dmidecode.x86_64 python-ethtool.x86_arch arch quota.x86_arch redhat-lsb-core.x86_64 redhat-lsb-submod-security.x86_64 rng-tools.x86_64 rpcbind.x86_64 rsync.x 86_64 samba-client-libs.x86_arch samba-common-libs.x86_64 sdparm.x86_64 sendmail.x86_64 sg3_utils-libs.x86_64 smartmonto ols.x86_64 spax.x86_64 sssd.x86_64 sssd-ad.x86_64 sssd-client.x86_64 sssd-common.x86_64 sssd-common-pac.x86_64 sssd-ipa.x86_64 sssd-krb5.x8 6_64
sssd-krb5-common.x86_64 sssd-ldap.x86_64 sssd-proxy.x86_arch sysstat.x86_arch systemtap-sdt-devel.x86_64 tcp_wrappers.x86_64 time.x86_64 traceroute.x86_64 trousers.x86_64 unixODBC.x86_64 unzip.x86_64 usermode.x86_arch zip.x86_64 expect -y
提⽰：官⽅要求GaussDB200⾄少需要3个节点来安装，但此为测试练⼿使⽤，所以修改了参数⽂件的节点数，如需要部署多节点，配置⽂件请使⽤官⽅配置⽂件⽣成器进⾏⽣成
1.6 检查OS编码格式是否为en_US.UTF-8
否的话，需要修改vim /f
修改之后，reboot⼀下⽣效。
1.7 挂载操作系统镜像（补充）：以root⽤户登录主机，执⾏命令：mount 虚拟光盘⽂件名 /media/ -o loop
如：sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop /opt/softs/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso /media/
注意：挂在使⽤的镜像必须与服务器系统同版本，如挂载提⽰readonly⽅式挂载，可在命令前加sudo 进⾏重试。根节点下media内有⽂件则证明挂载成功。
02安装GaussDB 200
2.1 解压/opt/softs ⽬录下准备的⼏个⽂件到/opt
[root@GaussDB200 softs]# tar -zxvf GaussDB_200_6.5.1_ -C ../
[root@GaussDB200 softs]# tar -zxvf FusionInsight_Manager_6.5.1_ -C ../
[root@GaussDB200 softs]# tar -zxvf FusionInsight_SetupTool_6.5. -C ../
查看解压结果
2.2 拷贝安装包
将除Manager外的其他部件包拷贝⾄/opt/FusionInsight_Manager/software/packs 路径下
使⽤
mkdir -p /opt/FusionInsight_Manager/software/packs 创建⽬录结果
[root@GaussDB200 opt]# cp FusionInsight_MPPDB_6.5.1_ /opt/FusionInsight_Manager/software/packs/
[root@GaussDB200 softs]# cp FusionInsight_BASE_6.5.1_ /opt/FusionInsight_Manager/software/packs/
得到如下结果：
2.3 进⾏预安装配置
将要安装GaussDB 200的节点上的“/opt/FusionInsight_SetupTool/preset”⽂件夹拷贝⾄节点的“/opt”⽬录下，此步骤为必须强制执⾏，并执⾏sh /opt/preset/preset.sh命令 如：
# cd /opt/
# ll
total 502672
drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root 22 Aug 2 2019 FusionInsight_Manager
-rw-rw-r--. 1 20007 20007 514736059 Aug 1 2019 FusionInsight_MPPDB_6.5.1_
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 146 Jul 10 2019 FusionInsight_SetupTool
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 178 May 22 10:59 softs
# cp -r /opt/FusionInsight_SetupTool/preset/ /opt/
# ll
total 502672
drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root 22 Aug 2 2019 FusionInsight_Manager
-rw-rw-r--. 1 20007 20007 514736059 Aug 1 2019 FusionInsight_MPPDB_6.5.1_
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 146 Jul 10 2019 FusionInsight_SetupTool
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 100 May 22 11:34 preset
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 178 May 22 10:59 softs
# sh /opt/preset/preset.sh
start to preSet
success to preSet.
#
2.4 编辑FusionInsight_SetupTool相关配置⽂件
执⾏命令：vim /opt/FusionInsight_SetupTool/preinstall/preinstall.ini
## Description: FusionInsight Preinstall Configuration
## Type: List
## Type: List
## Default: ""
#
# Description: A list of host names or IP addresses.
# Examples:
# g_hosts="10.18.40.[1-5]"
# g_hosts="10.18.[10-12].[1-200],192.188.45.[1-5,40],host[1-100]"
#
g_hosts="192.168.31.72"
## Type: Integer
## Default: 0
#
#
# Description: Disk formatting options.
# 0 Don't Format
# 1 Format the disk (Don't force)
# 2 Force to format the disk
# 3 Don't Format, Just install diskmgt
#
g_parted=0
## Type: List
## Default: ""
#
# Description: Disk format configuration.
# if g_parted is 1 or 2, g_parted_conf not null
# Examples:
#
# g_parted_conf="
# 10.18.40.[1-3]:master.ini;
# 10.18.40.[4-10],host[1-100]:slave.ini;
# host[101-200]:test.ini
# "
# g_parted_conf="10.18.40.[4-5]:master.ini;10.18.40.[6-7]:slave.ini;10.18.40.8:null.ini"
#
# Remarks: 1.Partition configuration file (master.ini, slave.ini, null.ini ..)
# in partition/ini directory.
#
# 2.Partition configuration file support custom.
#
# 3.Nodes this don't need to format must be configured to null.ini.
g_parted_conf="192.168.31.72:null.ini"
## Type: List
## Default: ""
#
# Description: hostname configuration. g_hostname_conf not null
# Examples:
#
# g_hostname_conf="
# 10.18.40.1:10.18.41.1:host1;
# 10.18.40.2:10.18.41.2:;
# 10.18.40.3:10.18.41.3:host3;
# "
# g_hostname_conf="10.18.40.1:10.18.41.1:host1;10.18.40.2:10.18.41.2:;10.18.40.3:10.18.41.3:host3;" #
# Remarks: 1. g_hostname_conf="OMIP:BusinessIP:HostName"
#
# 2. If you do not intend to configure the host name , then set the host name empty.
# g_hostname_conf="OMIP:BusinessIP:"
# g_hostname_conf=";10.18.40.2:10.18.41.2:"
#
g_hostname_conf="192.168.31.72:192.168.31.72:GaussDB200"
## Type: Boolean
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