48个国际音标表
元
音
12个单元音
长元音
[i:]
[?:]
[?:]
[u:]
[ɑ:]
短元音
[i]
[?]
[?]
[u]
[?]
[e]
[Λ]
8个双元音
[ai]
[ei]
[?i]
[i?]
[??]
[?u]
[u?]
[au]
辅
音
10对
清辅音
[p]
[t]
[k]
[f]
[s]
[θ]
[∫]
[t?]
[tr]
[ts]
浊辅音
[b]
[d]
[g]
[v]
[z]
[e]
[?]
[d?]
[dr]
[dz]
3个鼻音
[m]
[n]
[?]
3个似拼音
[h]
[r]
[l]
2个半元音
[w]
[j]
音标
字母
例词
[i:]
e
ea
ee
ey
i
ie
evening,be,she,these,we
eat,clean,icecream,please,teacher
see,three,thirteen
key
policeman
believe,piece
[?:]
er
ir
or
ur
ear
her,
bird,girl,sir,shirt,skirt,thirty
word,work,worker
nurse,purple,turn,urgent
earth,early,earn,
[?:]
a
al
au
aw
or
oar
oor
our
ore
water,
all,wall,ball,talk
August
draw,awful,law,
or,horse,short
boart,board,
door,floor,
your,four,course,court
more,bore,
[u:]
o
u
oe
ue
oo
ui
ou
wo
improve,lose
ruler,
shoe,
blue,
soon,room,pool，school
fruit,juice
you
two
[ɑ:]
a
ar
ear
class,father,dance,afternoon
car,dark,farm,start,arm,market
heart,
[i]
i
y
a
live,dinner,listen,picture
family,lovely,many
orange
[?]
or
er
u
a
e
actor,doctor,forget,
together,dinner,faster,better,water,eraser,brother,worker
suppose,
alone,America,about,allow,
open
[?]
o
a
shop,bottle,dog,hot,
small,want
[u]
u
oo
ou
o
put,pull,push,
cook,look,good,cool,foot
could,would,should
woman
音标
字母
例词
[?]
a
bad,that,practice,relax,happy,family,stand,apple,fact,matter
animal
[e]
e
ea
a
better,remember,never,best,when,together,every,question
weather,pleasant,
anyway,many
[Λ]
o
u
oo
ou
money,love,mother,some,nothing,color
number,lucky,club,fun,
flood,blood
enough,trouble,young
[ai]
i
y
ey
ie
ui
uy
igh
eigh
ice,China,find,like,nine,white,idea,climb
my,shy,try,fly,
eye
pie,die,
guide
buy
high,light,night
height
[ei]
a
ai
ay
ea
ay
ei
ey
eigh
amazing,age,game,table,make,paper
afraid,train,wait
way,today
great
pay,okay,play,say,
eight,
grey,
eight,neighbour
[?i]
oi
oy
point,join,coin,noise
toy,boy,enjoy,employ,
[i?]
ear
eer
ere
ea
ear,hear,year,clear,
deer,beer,
here,
idea
[??]
air
are
ear
eir
ere
hair,pair,air,stairs,chair,fair
share,parents,prepare,square,
wear,bear,
their
there,where
[?u]
o
oa
ou
ow
hope,open,also,zero,only,old,home
goal,road,float,
soul
know,yellow,show,snow
音标
字母
例词
[u?]
oor
our
ure
poor,
tour,
sure,pure,cure
[au]
ou
ow
about,proud,found,house,hour,out,dout
how,cow,now,allow,flower
[p]
p
polite,keep,help,picture,poor
[t]
t
talk,tomato,treat,pretty,little,quiet
[k]
k
c
ch
ck
kite,book,take,basketball,kidding,
cry,clock,cat,clever,clean
school
black,clock,sock
[f]
f
ph
fe
flight,free,chief,fresh,fly,follow,floor
photo,phone
life,knife,
[s]
s
ss
c
se
snake,spoon,soup,
miss,class,success
dance,nice,piece,face,juice,twice,cinema
tense,please,sense,
[θ]
th
think,thank,heathy,birthday,breath,nothing,truth,math
[∫]
sh
ch
ci
si
ti
shoot,shock,shirt,fish,rubbish,wish,English
machine,
social,
tension,
mention,ambition,
[t?]
ch
chair,church,rich,beach,change
[tr]
tr
try,treat,treasure,trouble,true,trade
[ts]
ts
hits,puts,nuts,facts,attracts,accounts
[b]
b
bird,black,book,job,
[d]
d
desk,dear,deep,read
[g]
g
grass,glove,glass,dog,plug，forget,egg
[v]
v
very,various,vegetable,volleyball
音标
字母
例词
[z]
z
ss
se
s
zero,zone,zoo,crazy
business
because,exercise,those
present,photos
[e]
th
with,this,weather,gather,father,bother,another
[?]
s
usually,pleasure,decision,measure
[d?]
j
g
jeep,juice,July,jewelry
age,orange,,engineer
[dr]
dr
draw,drive,draft,drug,drink
[dz]
ds
des
hands,words,minds,reads
besides,
[m]
m
matter,mother,math,massage,mind,impossible
[n]
n
kn
nice,question,lion
knife,know
[?]
n
ng
English,
ring,
[h]
h
wh
happy,handsome,holiday,hope,hurt
who,whose
[r]
r
rr
wr
ruler,break,respect,problem,wrong,battery,
carry,hurry,sorry
write,wrong
[l]
l
lunch,large,lead,laugh,popular,
[w]
w
wh
wet,web,watch,window
white,why,
[j]
y
yesterday,yellow,lawyer
一、英语名词复数变化及发音规则
1、 一般在词尾加－s.
一般来说，s在元音或浊辅音后读[z}，在清辅音后面读成[s]，在[t]后与[t]在一起读成[ts]，在[d]后与[d]一起读成[dz]。
cups??杯子????????????????days??日子hands?手??????????????????????????hats???帽子
2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加－es，读[iz]
classes班级????????????????buses?公共汽车boxes??盒子??????????????????watches?手表
3、以“元音字母＋y”结尾的词，加－s，读作[z]；以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i，再加－es，读[iz]
boy-boys?男孩????toy-toys玩具story-stories?故事??factory-factories?工厂???????????
baby-babies??宝贝
4、以o结尾的词，多数加－s，读[z]
kilo-kilos?公里?????????photo-photos?照片????piano-pianos??钢琴
1）以元音字母＋o结尾的词一律加－s，读[z]。
zoo-zoos?动物园????????????radio-radios?收音机
2）少数以o结尾的词，在词尾加-es，读[z]。
tomato-tomatoes?西红柿?hero-heroes?英雄potato-potatoes?土豆
5、以f或fe结尾的词，多数把f,fe变为v，再加－es，读[s]
leaf-leaves?树叶?????thief-thieves?小偷???????wife-wives?妻子?????????????knife-knives?小刀?????????shelf-shelves?架子
6、不规则名词的复数形式
(1)通过变化单词内部元音字母，构成复杂形式。
man-men?男子??????????????woman-women?女人??????????foot-feet?脚???????????
tooth-teeth??牙齿table的读音?????????mouse-mice?老鼠child-children?小孩???

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