2022-2023学年上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题
1. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage, coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank.
Scientists were deeply concerned about what was happening. Avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) was first discovered in the winter of 1994 1 29 bald eagle carcasses were found near DeGray Lake, a man-made reservoir in Arkansas. Two years later, at least 70 eagles had died across several Arkansas reservoirs. By 1998, conditions continued to deteriorate as dead birds of different species including American coots, mallards and ring-necked ducks were confirmed at ten sites across six states. All of the documented cases of this 2 (emerge) disease occurred on or near manmade water reservoirs with abundant aquatic vegetation.
But what particularly puzzled scientists was 3 these birds behaved before they died. The bir
ds were observed suddenly flying straight 4 stationary objects (rock walls and trees), swimming in circles, and with their wings drooped. For many years, scientists from state and federal agencies tried to figure out what was killing the birds and the testing of sediment and dead birds at affected water reservoirs for xenobiotic compounds that cause AVM 5 (reveal) nothing. Necropsies of the birds’ brains showed widespread vacuolation of white matter of the central nervous system and spinal cord which explained their uncoordinated behaviour.
Early studies suggested that an unknown, seasonal and environmental neurotoxin 6 be responsible. Recently, a paper published in the journal Science has pinpointed the exact neurotoxin responsible for the death of those bald eagles in Arkansas. The research describes the series of events that leads to AVM. It’s a fatal three-part process that requires invasive plants, abundant bacteria, and chemicals in the environment. It begins with the invasive plant named Hydrilla verticillata, also called waterthyme, first introduced to the United States in the 1950’s 7 an aquarium plant. The plant is home to cyanobacteria called Aetokthonos hydrillicola which colonize up to 95% of the plant leave
s. The cyanobacteria aren’t 8 deadly to waterbirds but when they 9 (expose) to the chemical bromide in the environment, they produce a dangerous neurotoxin called aetokthonotoxin which causes AVM in birds.
Previous field and laboratory studies have also demonstrated that AVM in herbivorous waterbirds due to the ingestion of H. verticillata can be transferred up the food chain to birds of prey which consume the 10 (affect) waterfowl. AVM thus presents a threat to multiple avian species. Furthermore, feeding trials have also confirmed neuropathy and mortality in a wide range of taxa including amphibians, reptiles, and fish. This work highlights the role of cyanobacteria as potentially dangerous toxin producers and further research into how the toxin effects human health via the consumption of fish and waterbirds from these contaminated reservoirs is urgently required.
2. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
thyme
A. memorable B. maiden C. comparable D. delivery
E. basis F. departed G. authorized H. economy
I. entitled J. terrific K. quoted
The C919 passenger jet is welcomed with a conventional water salute at the Beijing Capital International Airport on Sunday.
China’s first self-developed narrow-body jet, the C919, successfully completed its 1 commercial flight on Sunday, ushering in a new era of aviation that utilizes domestically manufactured aircraft, industry experts said.
Some 130 passengers traveled on China Eastern Airlines flight MU 9191, which 2 Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 10:32 am. The plane landed at Beijing Capital International Airport at 12:31 pm, and was welcomed with a traditional water salute.
“Sitting in the China-made passenger aircraft C919, I felt extremely excited and proud,” Zhang Keli, a passenger from Beihang University in Beijing, said when she shared her 3 experience with People’s Daily.
“Both the take-off and landing were as smooth as wide-body aircraft, and the whole flying process is 4 . The cabin is quieter than traditional narrow-body jets,” Zhang said.
Wu Guanghui, head designer of the C919 and chief scientist at Commercial Aircraft Corp of China, said the commercial flight was the fulfillment of a dream. “COMAC will work on 5 of more jets to our clients to ensure more people can take our homegrow n aircraft,” he was 6 as saying by Beijing News.
The C919 flight on Sunday had a configuration of 164 seats, including eight in business class and 156 in 7 class.
Lin Zhijie, an aviation industry analyst, said the C919 is offering a new option in the global aircraft market. “The jet is 8 to the Airbus A320 and the Boeing B737 series and is expected to break the duopoly of Boeing and Airbus, which will help promote benign competition and the healthy development of the world’s civil aviation market,” Lin said.

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