名校版英语经典句型考点解析needn’t +have done用法
1.need have done需要做某事但却没做
He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。
Need you have paid so much? 你当时真须要付那么多钱吗?
Need they have sold the farm? 他们那时非得把农场卖掉不可吗?
2.needn’t +have done
表示本来不需要做或不必做的事情，但实际上却做了，“本来不必…”“本来不需要…”如：
You needn’t have hurried. 你当时实在不必那么匆忙。
She needn’t have come in person — a letter would have been enough. 她本不必亲自来——写封信来就足够了。
You needn't have written such a long essay.The teacher only asked for 300 words，and you have written 600.
你本不必写这么长的文章。老师只要求写300个字而你却写了600个字。
You needn't have woken me up. I don't have to go work today.你本来用不着叫醒我。今天我不必上班。
Susan must have come back home, since her coat is not in the wardrobe.
苏珊肯定回过家，因为她挂在衣橱里的外套不见了。
1. must have done 对过去的事情比较肯定的推测。
I think we must have taken a wrong turning somewhere.
我觉得我们一定是在什么地方拐错了路。
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
He must have fallen from a great height.
他肯定是从很高的地方摔下来的。
He must have known what she wanted.
他一定早已知道她想要什么了。
Some of the older boys must have put him up to it.
那件事准是一些大孩子怂恿他干的。
That car must have cost a bundle.
那部车一定价格不菲。
bundle [ˈbʌndl]
crash是什么意思n.(一)捆，包，扎;一批(同类事物或出售的货品);风趣的人;笑料
v.匆匆送走;推搡;赶;(成地)匆忙赶往;额外免费提供(设备等);(尤指出售计算机时)赠送(软件)
Your cheque must have got lost in the post.
你的支票一定是邮寄中遗失的。
I must have been blind not to realize the danger we were in.
当时我一定是眼瞎了，竟然没有意识到我们所处的危险。
The thieves must have had someone on the inside helping them.
这些窃贼肯定有内应。
That dress must have cost a bomb!
那条连衣裙所费不菲吧！
bomb [bɑːm]
n.;核武器;核弹;很多钱
v.轰炸;对…投;快速移动，疾行(尤指乘车);(考试)惨败
其实汉语里也有类似的意思，我们尤其打牌常常用炸来形容大牌，或昂贵的东西。
Our performance went down a bomb.
我们的演出获得了巨大成功。
2. since conj. 因为，既然
当所述原因是已知的客观事实或被当作推断的理由时用 since，语气略强于 as,但是比because弱。Since从句一般位于句首。仅仅是一般。
Since he is absent, let's begin.
既然他不在，我们就开始吧。
We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop by and see them.
我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。
Since he asks you, you”ll tell himwhy.
他既然问你，那就告诉他为什么吧。
Since everyone is here, let”s start.
既然大家都到齐了，我们就出发吧!
Since his method doesn't work,let's try yours.既然他的方法不行,我们就试试你的吧.
As I didn't know how to do it,I asked the teacher.由于我不知道怎样做,就问了老师.
Since the rain has stopped，let’s go for a walk.
既然雨停了，我们出去散散步吧。
Since we are young，we shouldn’t be too afraid of making mistakes.
因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。
since表示原因时， 语气比because弱， 表示的原因是大家已知的，或是句中不很重要的部分， 是附带的原因， 因此引导的从句不是语句的中心， 不能用于回答why的提问， 也不能用在强调句型中作为被强调的内容。since引导的从句往往放在主句之前。
We arrived home safe and sound.
我们安然无恙地到了家。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
They turned up safe and sound.
他们安然无恙地出现了。《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
All I'm hoping for is that wherever Trevor is he will come home safe and sound.

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