SpringMVC详细⽰例实战教程（较全开发教程）SpringMVC学习笔记----
⼀、SpringMVC基础⼊门，创建⼀个HelloWorld程序
1.⾸先，导⼊SpringMVC需要的jar包。
2.添加l配置⽂件中关于SpringMVC的配置
<!--configure the setting of springmvcDispatcherServlet and configure the mapping-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>l</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
3.在src下添加l配置⽂件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="/schema/beans /schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd        /schema/context /schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
/schema/mvc /schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- scan the package and the sub package -->
<context:component-scan base-package="test.SpringMVC"/>
<!-- don't handle the static resource -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<!-- if you use annotation you must configure following setting -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- configure the InternalResourceViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
4.在WEB-INF⽂件夹下创建名为jsp的⽂件夹，⽤来存放jsp视图。创建⼀个hello.jsp，在body中添加“Hello World”。
5.建⽴包及Controller，如下所⽰
6.编写Controller代码
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/mvc")
public class mvcController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return "hello";
}
}
⼆、配置解析
1.Dispatcherservlet
  DispatcherServlet是前置控制器，配置在l⽂件中的。拦截匹配的请求，Servlet拦截匹配规则要⾃已定义，把拦截下来的请求，依据相应的规则分发到⽬标Controller来处理，是配置spring MVC的第⼀步。
2.InternalResourceViewResolver
  视图名称解析器
3.以上出现的注解
@Controller 负责注册⼀个bean 到spring 上下⽂中
@RequestMapping 注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
三、SpringMVC常⽤注解
@Controller
  负责注册⼀个bean 到spring 上下⽂中
@RequestMapping
  注解为控制器指定可以处理哪些 URL 请求
@RequestBody
  该注解⽤于读取Request请求的body部分数据，使⽤系统默认配置的HttpMessageConverter进⾏解析，然后把相应的数据绑定到要返回的对象上 ，再把HttpMessageConverter返回的对象数据绑定到 controller中⽅法的参数上
@ResponseBody
  该注解⽤于将Controller的⽅法返回的对象，通过适当的HttpMessageConverter转换为指定格式后，写⼊到Response对象的body数据区
@ModelAttribute   
  在⽅法定义上使⽤ @ModelAttribute 注解：Spring MVC 在调⽤⽬标处理⽅法前，会先逐个调⽤在⽅法级上标注了@ModelAttribute 的⽅法
  在⽅法的⼊参前使⽤ @ModelAttribute 注解：可以从隐含对象中获取隐含的模型数据中获取对象，再将请求参数 –绑定到对象中，再传⼊⼊参将⽅法⼊参对象添加到模型中
@RequestParam　
  在处理⽅法⼊参处使⽤ @RequestParam 可以把请求参数传递给请求⽅法
@PathVariable
  绑定 URL 占位符到⼊参
@ExceptionHandler
  注解到⽅法上，出现异常时会执⾏该⽅法
@ControllerAdvice
  使⼀个Contoller成为全局的异常处理类，类中⽤@ExceptionHandler⽅法注解的⽅法可以处理所有Controller发⽣的异常
四、⾃动匹配参数
//match automatically
@RequestMapping("/person")
public String toPerson(String name,double age){
System.out.println(name+" "+age);
return "hello";
}
五、⾃动装箱
1.编写⼀个Person实体类
package del;
public class Person {
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
private String name;
private int age;
}
2.在Controller⾥编写⽅法
//boxing automatically
@RequestMapping("/person1")
public String toPerson(Person p){
System.out.Name()+" "+p.getAge());
return "hello";
}
六、使⽤InitBinder来处理Date类型的参数
/
/the parameter was converted in initBinder
@RequestMapping("/date")
public String date(Date date){
System.out.println(date);
return "hello";
}
//At the time of initialization,convert the type "String" to type "date"
@InitBinder
public void initBinder(ServletRequestDataBinder binder){
}
七、向前台传递参数
//pass the parameters to front-end
@RequestMapping("/show")
public String showPerson(Map<String,Object> map){
Person p =new Person();
map.put("p", p);
p.setAge(20);
p.setName("jayjay");
return "show";
}
前台可在Request域中取到"p"
jquery在线教程交流⼋、使⽤Ajax调⽤
//pass the parameters to front-end using ajax
@RequestMapping("/getPerson")
public void getPerson(String name,PrintWriter pw){
pw.write("hello,"+name);
}
@RequestMapping("/name")
public String sayHello(){
return "name";
}
前台⽤下⾯的Jquery代码调⽤
$(function(){
$("#btn").click(function(){
$.post("mvc/getPerson",{name:$("#name").val()},function(data){
alert(data);
});
});
});
九、在Controller中使⽤redirect⽅式处理请求
//redirect
@RequestMapping("/redirect")
public String redirect(){
return "redirect:hello";
}
⼗、⽂件上传
1.需要导⼊两个jar包
2.在SpringMVC配置⽂件中加⼊
<!-- upload settings -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"  class="org.springframework.web.multipartmons.CommonsMultipartResolver">        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="102400000"></property>
</bean>
3.⽅法代码
@RequestMapping(value="/upload",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String upload(HttpServletRequest req) throws Exception{
MultipartHttpServletRequest mreq = (MultipartHttpServletRequest)req;
MultipartFile file = File("file");
String fileName = OriginalFilename();
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
FileOutputStream fos = new Session().getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+
"upload/"+sdf.format(new Date())+fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf('.')));
fos.Bytes());
fos.flush();
fos.close();
return "hello";
}
4.前台form表单
<form action="mvc/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file"><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
⼗⼀、使⽤@RequestParam注解指定参数的name
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class mvcController1 {
@RequestMapping(value="/param")
public String testRequestParam(@RequestParam(value="id") Integer id,
@RequestParam(value="name")String name){
System.out.println(id+" "+name);
return "/hello";
}
}
⼗⼆、RESTFul风格的SringMVC
1.RestController
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rest")
public class RestController {
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String get(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("get"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String post(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("post"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
public String put(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("put"+id);
return "/hello";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/user/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
System.out.println("delete"+id);
return "/hello";
}
}
2.form表单发送put和delete请求
在l中配置
<!-- configure the HiddenHttpMethodFilter,convert the post method to put or delete -->  <filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>  </filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
在前台可以⽤以下代码产⽣请求
<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
<input type="submit" value="put">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="post">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="get">
<input type="submit" value="get">
</form>
<form action="rest/user/1" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
<input type="submit" value="delete">

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