x’ 读作 x prime
x'’ 读作 x double prime or x second prime
x’’’ 读作 x triple prime
点:dot
/: slash.
\: backslash
Punctuation marks
apostrophe ( ' ) ( ’ )
brackets ( ( ) ) ( [ ] ) ( { } ) ( 〈 〉 )
colon ( : )
comma ( , )
dashes ( ‒ ) ( – ) ( — ) ( — )
ellipsis ( … ) ( ... )
exclamation mark ( ! )
full stop/period ( . )
hyphen ( - ) ( ‐ )
interrobang ( ‽ )
question mark ( ? ) 
quotation marks ( ‘ ’ ) ( “ ” )
semicolon ( ; )
slash/solidus ( / )
space ( ) and interpunct ( • )
Other typographer's marks
ampersand ( & )
asterisk ( * ) and asterism ( ⁂ )
at ( @ )
backslash ( \ )
bullet ( •, more )
dagger ( † ‡ )
degrees ( ° )
number sign ( # )
prime ( ′ )
tilde ( ~ )
underscore ( _ )
vertical bar/pipe ( | )
+  plus 加号;正号
  -  minus 减号;负号
  ± plus or minus 正负号
  × is multiplied by 乘号
  ÷ is divided by 除号
  = is equal to 等于号
  ≠ is not equal to 不等于号
  ≡ is equivalent to 全等于号
  ≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号
  ≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号
  < is less than 小于号
  > is more than 大于号
  ≮ is not less than 不小于号
  ≯ is not more than 不大于号
  ≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
  ≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
  %  per cent 百分之…
  ‰ per mill 千分之…
  ∞ infinity 无限大号
  ∝ varies as 与…成比例
  √ (square) root 平方根semicircle
  ∵ since; because 因为
  ∴ hence 所以
  ∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例
  ∠ angle 角
  ⌒ semicircle 半圆
  ⊙ circle 圆
  ○ circumference 圆周
  π pi 圆周率
  △ triangle 三角形
  ⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于
  ∪ union of 并,合集
  ∩ intersection of 交,通集
  ∫ the integral of …的积分
  ∑ (sigma) summation of 总和
  ° degree 度
  ′ minute 分
  ″ second 秒
  ℃ Celsius system 摄氏度
  { open brace, open curly 左花括号
   close brace, close curly 右花括号
  ( open parenthesis, open paren 左圆括号
  ) close parenthesis, close paren 右圆括号
  () brakets/ parentheses 括号
  [ open bracket 左方括号
  ] close bracket 右方括号
  [] square brackets 方括号
  . period, dot 句号,点
  | vertical bar, vertical virgule 竖线
  & ampersand, and, reference, ref 和,引用
  * asterisk, multiply, star, pointer 星号,乘号,星,指针
  / slash, divide, oblique 斜线,斜杠,除号
  // slash-slash, comment 双斜线,注释符
  # pound 井号
  \ backslash, sometimes escape 反斜线转义符,有时表示转义符或续行符
  ~ tilde 波浪符
  . full stop 句号
  , comma 逗号
  : colon 冒号
  ; semicolon 分号
  ? question mark 问号
  ! exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)
  ' apostrophe 撇号
  - hyphen 连字号
  —— dash 破折号
  …… dots/ ellipsis 省略号
  " single quotation marks 单引号
  "" double quotation marks 双引号
  ‖ parallel 双线号
  & ampersand = and
  ~ swung dash 代字号
  § section; division 分节号
  → arrow 箭号;参见号
符号的英文读法
. period 句号
≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号
, comma 逗号
< is less than 小于号
: colon 冒号
> is more than 大于号
; semicolon 分号
≮ is not less than 不小于号
! exclamation 惊叹号
≯ is not more than 不大于号
? question mark 问号
≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
 ̄ hyphen 连字符
≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
' apostrophe 省略号
;所有格符号
% per cent 百分之…
- dash 破折号
‰ per mill 千分之…
' ' single quotation marks 单引号
∞ infinity 无限大号
double quotation marks 双引号
∝ varies as 与…成比例
( ) parentheses 圆括号
√ (square) root 平方根
[ ] square brackets 方括号
∵ since; because 因为
《 》 French quotes 法文引号;书名号
∴ hence 所以
... ellipsis 省略号
∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于,成比例
¨ tandem colon 双点号
∠ angle 角
ditto 双点号
⌒ semicircle 半圆
‖ parallel 双线号
⊙ circle 圆
/ virgule 斜线号
○ circumference 圆周
& ampersand = and
π pi 圆周率
~ swung dash 代字号
△ triangle 三角形
§ section; division 分节号
⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于
→ arrow 箭号;参见号
∪ union of 并,合集
+ plus 加号;正号
∩ intersection of 交,通集
- minus 减号;负号
∫ the integral of …的积分
± plus or minus 正负号
( ∑ sigma) summation of 总和
× is multiplied by 乘号
° degree 度
÷ is divided by 除号
′ minute 分
= is equal to 等于号
″ second 秒
≠ is not equal to 不等于号
# number …号
≡ is equivalent to 全等于号
℃ Celsius system 摄氏度
≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号
@ at 单价
R’ R prime
R” R double prime, R second prime
R1 R sub one
100° C one hundred degrees Centigrade
+ plus; positive
- minus; negative
´ multiplied by; times
¸ divided by
± plus or minus
= is equal to; equals
º is identically equal to
» is approximately equal to
( ) round brackets; parentheses
[ ] square brackets
{ } braces
a>>b a is much greater than b
a³ b a is greater than or equal to b
aµ b a varies directly as b
lognX logX to the base n
the cubic root of x
the nth root of x
x2 x square, x squared, the square of x
Xn X to n factors; the nth power of x; x to the power n

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