各种数学语言名称的英语翻译
各种数学语言名称的英语翻译
数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理 axiom
定理 theorem计算 calculation
semicircle
运算 operation证明 prove
假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题 proposition
算术 arithmetic加数 addend
加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)和 sum
被加数 augend, summand减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend 差remainder
减数subtrahend等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to
乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)大于is greater than
被乘数multiplicand, faciend小于is lesser than
乘数multiplicator小于等于is equal or lesser than
积product大于等于is equal or greater than
商quotient运算符operator
除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)平均数mean
几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根 算术平均数arithmatic mean
被除数dividend除数divisor
有理数rational number倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x
无理数irrational number整数integer
实数real number小数decimal
虚数imaginary number小数点decimal point
数字digit分数fraction
数number分子numerator
自然数natural number分母denominator
正positive比ratio
负negative权weight, significance
零null, zero, nought, nil进位carry
十进制decimal system截尾truncation
二进制binary system四舍五入round
十六进制hexadecimal system下舍入round down
有效数字significant digit上舍入round up
无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra
公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial
系数coefficient多项式polynomial, multinomial 未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor不等式inequation
等式，方程式equation阶乘factorial
一次方程simple equation对数logarithm
二次方程quadratic equation指数，幂exponent
三次方程cubic equation乘方power
四次方程quartic equation二次方，平方square
三次方，立方cube sqrt(2)=1.414
四次方the power of four, the fourth power sqrt(3)=1.732
n次方the power of n, the nth power sqrt(5)=2.236
开方evolution, extraction常量constant
二次方根，平方根square root变量variable
三次方根，立方根cube root坐标系coordinates
四次方根the root of four, the fourth root坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis
n次方根the root of n, the nth root横坐标x-coordinate
截距(有正负之分)intercede纵坐标y-coordinate
（方程的）解solution原点origin
几何geometry象限quadrant
点point角angle
线line角度degree
面plane弧度radian
体solid锐角acute angle
线段segment直角right angle
射线radial钝角obtuse angle
平行parallel平角straight angle
相交intersect周角perigon
底base勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 边side钝角三角形obtuse triangle
高height不等边三角形scalene triangle 三角形triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 直角三角形right triangle四边形quadrilateral
直角边leg平行四边形parallelogram
斜边hypotenuse矩形rectangle
长length相似similar
宽width全等congruent
周长perimeter三角trigonometry
面积area正弦sine
集合aggregate余弦cosine
元素element正切tangent
空集void余切cotangent
子集subset正割secant
交集intersection余割cosecant
并集union反正弦arc sine
补集complement反余弦arc cosine
映射mapping反正切arc tangent
函数function反余切arc cotangent
定义域domain, field of definition反正割arc secant
值域range反余割arc cosecant
单调性monotonicity数列，级数series
奇偶性parity微积分calculus
周期性periodicity微分differential
图象image导数derivative
复数complex number极限limit
矩阵matrix无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)行列式determinant无穷小infinitesimal
圆circle积分integral
圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE)定积分definite integral
半径radius不定积分indefinite integral 直径diameter椭圆ellipse
圆周率pi圆周circumference
弧arc轨迹locus, loca(pl.)
半圆semicircle平行六面体parallelepiped 扇形sector 立方体cube
环ring七面体heptahedron
双曲线hyperbola八面体octahedron
抛物线parabola九面体enneahedron
四面体tetrahedron十面体decahedron
五面体pentahedron十一面体hendecahedron
六面体hexahedron十二面体dodecahedron
菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond二十面体icosahedron
正方形square多面体polyhedron
梯形trapezoid旋转rotation
直角梯形right trapezoid轴axis
等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid球sphere
五边形pentagon半球hemisphere
六边形hexagon底面undersurface
七边形heptagon表面积surface area
八边形octagon体积volume
九边形enneagon空间space
十边形decagon相位phase
十一边形hendecagon周期period
十二边形dodecagon振幅amplitude
多边形polygon内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)
正多边形equilateral polygon外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)
统计statistics旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)
平均数average垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)加权平均数weighted average重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)方差variance内切圆inscribed circle
标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation外切圆circumcircle
比例propotion排列permutation
百分比percent组合combination
百分点percentage概率，或然率probability
百分位数percentile分布distribution
图表graph正态分布normal distribution
条形统计图bar graph非正态分布abnormal distribution
柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph
曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram

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