►专题03 语法填空难点易错点分析梳理
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率。养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
考点难点精讲
易错点1    词法·变形记不清，拼写出错
高考语法填空中词汇的变形是必考点，然而很多考生对不规则动词变形和各种词频转换记不清，极易失分，我们可用以下几种方法破解：
1.在变形中规律
（1）规则动词的过去式和过去分词通常是在动词后加-ed；对于不规则动词的过苦式和过去分词的变形，可规律分类记忆，如AAA型（hit→hit，hit）、ABB型（dig——dug，dug）、ABC型（begin→began，begun）等。
（2）对于词形转换，要借助前缀和后缀巧记忆。如”名词＋ ~able/~ible”→形容词”形容词+-y/+ty/-cy/-ity”→名词、“en-+形容词/名词”→动词等。
2.在规律中例外
在变形的时候，除了要发现规律外，还要注意一些例外，例如在"动词＋ -able"→形容词中，有些动词需要去 e再加-able（achieve→achievable）。
3.巧编口诀助记忆
有时候，具有同样变形规律的单词比较多，考生容易遗漏，可以试着编一些口诀，方便记忆。例如名词变形容词时，hunger→hungry和anger→angry就可用"饥饿和生气，加-先去e"帮助记忆。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【例题讲解】：
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
accessible反义词前缀China speed is amazing the world. While other countries are struggling to make high-sped railway a    1    (real),CHINA RAILWAY has been busying itself in laying down over 25,000 km of high-speed tracks over the past ten years——accounting for roughly two 2  (three)of the world’s total length of high-speed rail lines.
Up to now,China    3    (build)the largest high-speed rail network worldwide. The impact goes well beyond the railway sector. It also includes changed patterns of urban development,increases in tourism,and the growth of regional economy. To boost regional integration and economic growth，plans for high-speed maglev（磁悬浮）lines with trains4  (travel)at a speed of 600 kph or more are taking shape in more Chinese cities.
China started operating    5    (it)first maglev railway more than a decade a 6 ,for lack of critical technologies at that time,we only concentrated on conventional high-speed rail," said Sun Zhang,   7    is a leading railway specialist. But the research
team,____8____(lead)by him,tried their best to learn advanced technologies from foreign countries and eventually developed our own innovations.
There is no denying that all of these achievements make our travel convenient and 9  (rely),especially during Chunyun,    10    annual test on the transportation system of China. Thanks to " China speed", people can go back home for reunions with families and friends in time.
易错点2    词法·不清楚非谓语三种形式的区别而错填
根据句子结构判断应该用非谓语动词之后，要考虑以下因素来确定非谓语动词的具体形式：
1.判断非谓语动词在句中充当的成分。
2.到非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
当非谓语动词在句中作状语→句子的主语一般为非谓语动词的逻辑主语
当非谓语动词在句中作定语→它所修饰的名词或代词一般为非谓语动词的逻辑主语
当非谓语动词在句中作宾语补足语→宾语一般为非谓语动词的逻辑主语
3.判断主谓或动宾关系。
构成非谓语的动词与非谓语动词的逻辑主语之间为
（1）主谓关系→一般为表主动意义的现在分词或动词不定式
（2）动宾关系→—般为表被动意义的过去分词
4.意义上：
表示目的→用动词不定式
表示顺其自然的结果→用现在分词
表示出乎意料的结果→用动词不定式
确定非谓语动词的意义和在句中所作成分是解题的基础，而准非谓语动词的逻辑主语，弄清楚构成非谓语的动词与非谓语动词的逻辑主语之间的关系是解决此类问题的关键。
【例题讲解】：
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn't long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting concept___1___(concern) Chinese food which is almost unheard-of in the West and is becoming  2   (increasing)neglected the youth of the East —the ancient custom of eating tonic（滋补的）food.
3    is known to us,tonic food is the food that is consumed to improve one's well- being or avoid sickness. For instance,it was once a custom for new mothers    4  (eat)flaxseed oil（胡麻油）in the first month after giving birth. It was a general   5 (believe)that flaxseed oil would benefit the muscles, relieve pain, improve circulation, simulate sweating,and warm the body. Some foods are seen as " hot",while___6 (other) are seen as " cold". One should be careful not to eat too much of either " hot" or "cold" food. However, how much " hot" or "cold”food one should eat depends on the time of the year,how the food is prepared and  7______ it is prepared with,and the individual's health.
The custom of eating tonic food also    8  (influence)the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines，such as Chinese wolfberries（构杞子），can be found in many    9 restaurant,either added to fruit tea or as a very      10    (benefit) addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-up （提神的东西）.
易错点3    词法·忽视标志词的作用而错填
对于语法填空，考生有时可以利用上下文中出现的标志性词语解题。
1. 对于形容词和副词的比较等级，应注意的标志性词语有：
（1）同级比较：as...as，as等；
（2）比较级：than，比较级的常见修饰语much，even，far，a little，a bit等；
（3）最高级："序数词＋最高级＋n."，介词of，in，引出比较范围。
2. 对于谓语动词数的判断，掌握语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三大原则，尤其是其中的特殊标志词。
3. 对于名词数的判断则主要从名词前面的修饰语来判断，如果名词作主语的话，谓语动词的单复数也是判断名词单复数的依据。
【例题讲解】
Every insect has its own way of finding ____1  unique kind of food. So do bees though they seem to fly aimlessly when searching for the _  2   （sugar） liquid called nectar（花蜜）.Flowers act as the insects'air-traffic controllers and give bees clues to how much a plant can offer. Those clues can be the color， the type and the smell of petals（花瓣）， all of which tell bees whether   3  (land) or not. Among them the color plays the most significant role. The insects keep track of the color of the flowers that are__ 4 (extreme) rich in nectar.

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。