中考英语词性变换总结
一、常见的名词后缀
1. -ment 名词后缀
accessible反义词前缀
enjoy-enjoyment
treat-treatment
embarrass-embarrassment
agree-agreement
state-statement
entertain-entertainment
punish-punishment
govern-government
amuse-amusement
settle-settlement
employ-employment
announce-announcement
astonish-astonishment
retire-retirement
equip-equipment
involve-involvement
move-movement
require-requirement
encourage-encouragement
develop-development
advertise-advertisement
achieve-achievement
arrange-arrangement
appoint-appointment
adjust-adjustment
judge-judgement
assess-assessment
2. –ness 名词后缀
tired-tiredness
careful-carefulness 
rich-richness
kind-kindness
ugly-ugliness
sick-sickness
ill-illness
sad-sadness
happy-happiness
busy-business
blind-blindness
polite-politeness
dark-darkness
fair-fairness
crazy-craziness
big-bigness
3. –ation名词后缀
transport-transportation
determine-determination
organize-organization
starve-starvation
prepare-preparation
combine-combination
consider-consideration
observe-observation
apply-application
inspire-inspiration
adapt-adaptation
invite-invitation
declare-declaration
civilize-civilization
4.-ion 状态，行为，动作过程
suggest-suggestion
introduce-introduction
discuss-discussion
graduate-graduation
express-expression
accelerate-acceleration
act-action
affect-affection
appreciate-appreciation
associate-association
attract-attraction
decorate-decoration
devote-devotion
5.-ance 状态，行为
appear-appearance
accept-acceptance
allow-allowance 
assist-assistance 
attend-attendance
6.-ess表女性，雌性
host-hostess
actor-actress
tiger-tigress
prince-princess
waiter-waitress 
hero-heroin
7.加-or表示人
educate-educator
govern-governor
edit-editor
compete-competitor
invent-inventor
act-actor
profession-professor
collect-collector
conduct-conductor
direct-director
sail-sailor
visit-visitor
survive-survivor
translate-translator
author
calculate-calculator
tutor
mayor
8. 加-ar表人就更少见
beg-beggar
lie-liar
9.-ant 表示人
account-accountant
assist-assistant
serve-servant
apply-applicant
10. –ee人物
employ-employee
interview-interviewee
refuge-refugee
examine-examinee
11.-ist人，主意者
novel-novelist
social-socialist
art- artist
science- scientist
novel- novelist
journal- journalist
violin- violinist
piano-pianist
economy- economist
cycle-cyclist
type-typist
cartoon-cartoonist 
tour-tourist
12.-er 人物
teach-teacher
work-worker
clean-cleaner
farm-farmer
custom-customer
drive-driver
sing-singer
play-player
dance-dancer
write-writer
lead-leader
employ-employer
cook-cooker
contain-container
draw-drawer
strange-stranger
travel-traveler
law-lawyer
12.-ism 宗教，风格，主义
hero-heroism
community-communism
social-socialism
national-nationalism
13-th结果，过程，性质，状态
die-death (n.)
deep-depth
grow-growth
wide-width
young-youth
long-length
strong-strength
high-height
warm-warmth
true-truth
    The snow lay thirty centimeters deep.
    This cupboard is 30 centimeters in depth.
    What is the depth of this pool?
14.特殊形式的名词
argue-argument (n.)
survive-survival
explain-explanation
arrive-arrival
explode-explosion
approve-approval
apologize-apology
admit-admission
accurate-accuracy
permit-permission
assume-assumption
describe-description
advise-advice
simple-simplify
beauty-beautify
二、常见形容词后缀
1. -y形容词后缀
sun-sunny
fun-funny
fat-fatty
fog- foggy
storm-stormy
guilt-guilty
cloud-cloudy
dust-dusty
wind-windy
smell-smelly
ice- icy
rain-rainy
greed-greedy
noise- noisy
taste- tasty
blood-bloody
dream-dreamy
worth-worthy
He is greedy for fame.
2. –ful 形容词后缀
power-powerful
hope-hopeful
wonder-wonderful
pain-painful
beauty-beautiful
help-helpful
care-careful
use-useful
thank-thankful
grace-graceful
forget-forgetful 
grate-grateful
harm-harmful
peace-peaceful
success-successful
cheer-cheerful
shame-shameful
meaning-meaningful
3. –al形容词后缀
nation-national (adj.)
tradition-traditional
origin-original
environment-environmental
culture-cultural
nature-natural
education-educational
agriculture-agricultural
4. –ic形容词后缀
history-historic
artist-artistic
fantasy-fantastic
drama-dramatic
poet-poetic
5.-t 形容词
important-importance
convenience-convenient
patient-patience
difference-different
confidence-confident
distance-distant
evidence-evident
silence-silent
independence-independent 
violence-violent 
absence-absent
presence-present
6. –ous形容词后缀
fame-famous
envy-envious
glory-glorious
danger-dangerous
vary-various
humor-humorous
poison-poisonous
mountain-mountainous
nerve-nervous
serious
courage-courageous
7.-able,-ble 形容词后缀
adapt-adaptable
avail-available
consider-considerable
change-changeable
reason-reasonable
respect-respectable
value-valuable
believe-believable

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