主谓一致练习
1. Bread and butter ________ liked by Westerners.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. be
答案:A
翻译:面包加黄油受西方人的喜爱。
解析
    “bread and butter是西方人日常的食品,虽然有两样东西,习惯上却被看作一体“加了黄油的面包”,并且是不可数名词,应看作单数,选A
拓展:
(1)类似的用法还有fish and chips:
    Fish and chips is a popular take-away food which originated in the United Kingdom. 炸鱼薯条是一种流行的外卖食品,起源于英国。
(2)当and连结的两个名词是指同一个人或事,and后的名词前没有冠词,谓语动词应用单数形式;当and后面的名词前有冠词,谓语就用复数形式。如:
  The bread and butter is served for breakfast. 早饭供应黄油面包。
  The bread and the butter are on sale. 正在出售黄油和面包。
2. A group of Italian soldiers _________ quickly towards their position.
A. were advancing
B. were advanced
C. was advancing
D. was advanced
答案:A
翻译:一意大利士兵向他们的阵地迅速挺进。
解析:主语“ A group of ”在本句中表示具体的每个人,所以谓语动词应用复数形式,由句意知是“正在快速前进”用进行时,故选A
拓展
(1) “ a group of+名词复数“ 做主语时,谓语动词的单复数要看语境,如果强调的是“一组/一”这样的整体概念,那谓语动词就用单数;如果强调名词中的每一个,谓语动词就用复数。
(2)意思一致:有时,主语和谓语动词的一致关系不取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语语意上的单、复数意义。比如
1)有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词变用复数
  That group have the best ratings of individual performance.
  这组人的个人表现评分最高。
2)有时主语在语法形式上是复数,而意义上为单数,谓语动词也用单
  Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register. 收银机里有56美元被偷了。
3. If law and order _______ , neither the citizen nor his family is safe.
A. are not preserved
B. is not preserved
C. were not preserved
D. have not been preserved
答案:B
翻译
    如果法律和秩序得不到维护,公民和他的家人就没有安全。
解析
    “ law and order ”指的是一个概念看成单数,谓语也要用单数,由句意知用现在时,故选B
拓展:
    本题的后半句“neither the citizen nor his family is safe” :
    由or, nor, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…not…but…there be句型等连接的并列结构做主语,随后的动词形式按照“就近原则”处理。
4. The president of the college, together with the deans, ________ planning a conference for the purpose of laying down a series of regulations.
A. were
B. are
C. is
D. has
答案:C
翻译
    这个大学的主席和各院长正在计划召开一次会议,目的是制定一系列的规章制度。
解析
    当together with连接前后两个主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致,而前面的主语 “The president of the college” 为单数,所以谓语动词应用单数形式;由句意知本题为“现在进行时表将来”,故选C
拓展:
    【就远原则along with, together withas well asbut/except/besidesrather thanlike等连接前后两个主语时,谓语动词应和前面的那个主语保持一致
5. Many a person _______ at the gate of the department store.
A. is standing
B. are standing
C. have been standing
D. have stood
答案:A
翻译:许多人正站在百货公司的门口。
解析
    本题中主语由 “many a +名词” 构成,“Many a person”其意义虽属复数,但是其后的谓
语动词仍遵循 “语法一致” 原则,用单数;由句意知未体现完成时,应用现在进行时,故选A
拓展:
    当主语由 “many a +名词”或“more than a+名词” 构成,其意义虽属复数,但是其后的谓语动词仍遵循 “语法一致” 原则,用单数
6. Every means ______ tried out but never with success, as far as my knowledge goes.
A. is
B. are
C. has been
D. have been
答案:C
翻译:据我所知,每一种方法都试过了,但都没有成功。
解析
register的名词
    “ but never with success ”说明已经完成,所以用完成时,而every means表示单数,故选C

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