专业英语四级（语法与词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：    3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
PART III  LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.
1． Mary is____hardworking than her sister, but she failed in the exam. (2015-52)
A．no less
B．no more
C．not less
D．no so
正确答案：A
解析：考核形容词的比较结构。no less…than意为“与……程度上一样”，在该句中表示“用功程度相同”，故本题答案为A。 
2． She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____mountains behind the apple orchard. (2018-14)
A．blue hazy Virginia
B．hazy blue Virginia
C．Virginia hazy blue
D．Virginia blue hazy
正确答案：B
解析：形容词排序。当名词中心词之前出现几个属于不同层次的形容词做修饰语时，词序排列遵循下列规则：限定词(前位→中位→后位)→表示说话人评价的形容词→表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词→表示颜的形容词→表示国别、来源、材料的形容词→表示用途或者
目的的形容词或者分词、名词等→名词中心词。故本题答案为B。 
3． Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? (2015-53)
A．Only one out of six were present at the meeting.
B．Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.
C．Either my sister or my brother is coming.
D．Five miles seem like a long walk to me.
正确答案：D
解析：考核主谓一致。B和D选项中的主语ten dollars和five miles均为整体的概念，故谓语动词都需要用单数，所以D选项错误，A选项中主语由”one out of+复数名词”构成，在正式文体中，动词用单数，在非正式文体中，动词也可按“就近原则”用复数，C项中either…or…连接的并列结构做主语，动词按照“就近原则”处理。 
4． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(2014)
A．Physics is an important school subject.
B．The Niagara Falls is in North America.
C．The United States borders Canada.
D．Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
正确答案：B
解析：2014年第54题。本题考查主谓一致和．s结尾的名词。A项physics是指物理学，是以-s结尾的学科类名词，谓语动词应该使用单数形式；D项mumps腮腺炎，就是以一s结尾的疾病类名词，谓语动词用单数；以一s结尾的专有名词中，GeneralMotors，the Netherlands，the New York Times，the United Nations等，一般用单数形式；但有些表示岛、山脉、瀑布等的专有名词往往作复数用。故C项正确，而B项语法错误。 
5． Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?(2013)
A．Politics are the art or science of government.
B．Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.
C．Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
D．All the furniture has arrived undamaged.
正确答案：A
解析：2013年第59题。B项ten miles看作整体单数，C项mumps腮腺炎，就是以．s结尾的疾病类名词，谓语动词用单数；D项furniture是集合名词，谓语动词用单数；A项politics是指政治学，是以-s结尾的学科类名词，谓语动词应该使用单数形式，故选A。注意：当politics作“政治见解”的意思时，谓语动词则使用复数。 
6． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(2012)
A．Poultry are very expensive in the city.
B．New machinery were introduced in the factory.
C．The police are investigating the murder case.
D．The militia were called out to rescue flood victims.
正确答案：B
解析：2012年第65题。A项poultry、C项police、D项militia作主语时，谓语动词用复数，此外同类名词还有vermin，cattle；只有machinery作主语谓语动词用单数，类似还有cutlery，jewellery，poetry，merchandise。 
7． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?(2012)
A．Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.
B．No one except his supporters agree with him.
C．Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.
D．Few students in my class are really lazy.
正确答案：B
解析：2012年第51题。A项中，当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式；C项中，由or，either．．．or．．，neither．．．nor．．．，not only．．．but also．．．连接的并列主语的主谓一致，按就近原则处理；但是，非正式语体中，由neither．．．nor．．．连接的并列主语也可根据意义一致原则采用复数动词；D项中，Few修饰可数名词的复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数；只有B项中，当单数主语后跟有with，along with，together with，except等引导的介词短语时，其谓语动词应根据语法一致原则采用单数形式，故为本题所选答案。 
8． In the following sentence “It’s no use waiting for me”, the italicized phrase is_____. (2010)
A．the object
B．an adverbial
C．a complement
D．the subject
正确答案：D
解析：2010年第61题。本句为“It is+n．+doing”结构，it是形式主语，动名词waitingfor me为真正主语。 
9． In “How much do you think he earns?” how much is______of the sentence.(2009)
A．the subject
B．the adverbialregister的名词
C．the object
D．the complement
正确答案：C
解析：2009年第64题。此句中how much是做earns的宾语。 
10． Which of the italicized parts is used as an object complement?(2014)
A．The front door remained locked.
B．The boy looked disappointed.
C．Nancy appeared worried.
D．He seemed to have no money left.
正确答案：D
解析：2014年第53题。补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(objectcomplement)。主语补语通常与连系动词连用，位于连系动词之后，表示主语具有某种身份、特征、性状；或表示继续或保持某种状态，故A、B、C项斜体均属于主语补语。宾语补语描述宾语的性状，通常出现在SVOC结构中；宾语+补语合在一起是复杂宾语(complex object)，其两个组成部分在意义上是一种“主谓”关系。故D项正确。 
11． Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?(2010)
A．Why don’t you do it for the sake of your friends’?
B．I wish I could write as well as you.
C．For all his efforts, he didn’t get an A.
D．Her eyes were red from excessive reading.
正确答案：D
解析：2010年第51题。A选项中的for the sake of．．．(为了)表示目的状语；B选项中的as…as…(和……一样)为方式状语；C选项中的for all…(尽管)表示让步状语；D选项中的from…可以表示原因状语，译为“因为过度看书，她的眼睛布满了血丝。” 

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