第5讲　名词性从句　
[考点一]　连接词　
　当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，用连接词引导。连接词有that，whether和if。
1．that引导的名词性从句that连接名词性从句，只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分。引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。
The teacher informed us(that)we would have a test the next day.
老师告知我们第二天进行测试。
His plan is that he is going to buy a new car next year.
他的计划是明年买辆新车。
　(1)that引导宾语从句四种不能省略的情况：
①that从句作介词的宾语时
I don't know exactly where he lives，except that it's somewhere out in the wilds.
②动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略。
He told me he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
③宾语从句前有插入语时
We hope，on the contrary，that he will stay at home with us.
④that引导的从句位于句首时
That you don't like him is none of my business.
(2)that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，常见句型有：
①It＋be＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句
It is wonderful that all of you have passed the difficult exam!
你们都通过了这次很难的考试真令人高兴！
②It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等)＋that从句
It is a pity that you have missed the wonderful lecture.
你错过了这么精彩的演讲真遗憾。
③It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句
It is suggested that the lab building (should) be built next year.
有人建议实验楼明年修建。
④It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters)＋that从句
It appears that they have made the same mistake.
好像他们犯了同样的错误。
(3)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需用it作形
式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
我认为我们每天喝大量的开水是很有必要的。
2．whether与if引导的名词性从句
(1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。
Whether it is true remains a question.
这是否是真的依然是个问题。
It is unknown if he will attend the meeting.
他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。
(2)whether与if引导宾语从句时，大多数情况下可以互换，后面直接跟or not时用whether，用于介词后引导宾语从句时也用whether。
We don't know whether or not she was ready.
我们不知道她是否准备好了。
(3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if则不可以。
The question is whether it is worth doing.
问题是它是否值得做。
The question whether the work was worth doing had not been decided.
这项工作是否值得做的问题还没有确定。
[对点演练]
单句语法填空
1．(2020·吉林吉大附中月考)It remains to be seen  whether　the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
2．(2019·福建龙岩五校期中)Therefore，it is advisable  that　you should value and treat them with care.
3．(2019·山西晋商四校联考)What is even more important is  that　the earth cooled down，and water began to appear on its surface.
4．He has made it clear  that  the meeting will not be postponed.
5．I wonder first of all what they want，and then wonder  whether/if　they are so eager to accept advice themselves.
[考点二]　连接代词和连接副词引导的名词性从句　
1．连接代词引导的名词性从句
连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作名词或代词所作的成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语等。缺少连接代词，从句不完整。
What worries us most is who let out the secret.
最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
2．连接副词引导的名词性从句
连接副词when，where，why，how 等不但起连接作用，也在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和方式等。
He didn't tell me when we would meet again.
他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.
去把你的大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.
我不知道怎么能到火车站。
3．“疑问词＋­ever”引导的名词性从句
“疑问词＋­ever”引导名词性从句时，有词意，并且在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.
无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。
Wherever he goes makes his parents worry.
他无论去哪儿父母都担心。
[对点演练]
单句语法填空
1．(2020·福建安溪模拟)　What  struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
2．(2020·河南郑州模拟)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's  where  I was born.”
3．(2019·昌平模拟)Every year，　whoever  makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
4．(2019·山东泰安期中)Students can choose  whatever/what  they want to do and register online.
5．The best moment for the football star was  when  he scored the winning goal.
名词性从句在语法填空中的命题点
1．宾语从句
(2019·北京卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than  where  they go.
2．主语从句
(2016·江苏卷，改编)It is often the case  that  anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
3．表语从句
(2018·北京卷，改编) Without his support，we wouldn't be  what  we are now.
4．同位语从句
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence  that  they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
单句语法填空
1．My suggestion is  ________ we (should) start early tomorrow.
答案：that
2．Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? That's ________ the best jobs are.
答案：where
3．It's no surprise ________ our team should have won the game.
答案：that
4．As the spokeswoman said，________ we should take action against them depends on what they will do.
答案：whether
5．I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.
答案：that
6．You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
答案：where
7．The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.
答案：that
8．________ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
register的名词答案：What
9．I am afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is ________ he never finishes anything.
答案：why
10．We've offered her the job, but I don't know ________ she'll accept it.
答案：whether/if
11．I have no idea ________ the journalist could have got his information from.
答案：where
12．(2019·河北保定、唐山联考)I asked him ________ his father had done so that he became such a good person.
解析：句意：我问他他的父亲做了什么，使他成为一个如此好的人。设空处引导宾语从句，作asked的宾语，从句中缺少had done的宾语，指“什么”，因此用what引导该从句。
答案：what
13．I truly believe ________ beauty comes from within.
解析：句意：我真的相信美来自人的内心。宾语从句意思完整只缺连接词，故用that。
答案：that
14．It is quite clear ________ the whole project is doomed to failure.
解析：句意：很清楚整个计划注定要失败。句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的名词性从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分也不缺意义，故用that引导。
答案：that
15．________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
答案：How

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