语篇填空:无提示词填空型
该题型为河南省中考新增题型,主要考查同学们在理解篇章的基础上把握句子结构、词语搭配等能力,其考查要点如下:
连词:并列连词(and、but、so、or等)、 宾语从句的引导词(that、whether、if、what、where等)、 状语从句的引导词(when、while、if、because等)、 定语从句的关系词(that、who、which等)。
助动词(be、will、would、do / does / did、have / has等)和情态动词 (can、may、must、should、would等)。
冠词(a、an、the)。
介词(单一用法或固定搭配)。
词语搭配(had better、would like、grow up等)。
固定句型(It’s + adj. + to do sth、there be 句型、as... as...、 to...、 so... 、 such ...
that ... 等)。
【解题技巧】
很多同学在做题时,常会感到无从下手,因为缺少备选词,所以不知道到底该填一个什么样的单词。其实只要我们结合语境,利用语法知识对设空进行分析,弄清楚空格处单词的词性和在句中充当的句子成分,问题就可以迎刃而解。请同学们领会以下规律并多加练习。
技巧1 设空位于名词或修饰名词的形容词前,可考虑填入限定词,如冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词等。
强化练习:1. Friends are just as important to me as family. In fact, they are my family, really. I think I have ______ greatest friends in the world.
技巧2 设空位于有限定词的名词或名词短语前,可以考虑填入介词。
强化练习:2. Hello! My name is Tina. I like to make friends ______ all kinds of people.
技巧3 设空位于两个或几个单词、短语或表示并列关系的句子之间,且它们之间没有连接词,
多数需填入 and、but、or、so等。
强化练习:3. My best friends and I all grew up together ______ shared many experiences together.
4. It was supper time, ______ the workers were still working hard. No wonder they could finish building Huoshenshan Hospital within 10 days.
技巧4 设空所在的句子有两个主谓关系,且没有其他连词,则根据复合句的类型 (宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等) 填入合适的连接词。
强化练习:5. ______ students couldn’t go to school because of COVID-19, they were able to have classes on the Internet.
技巧5 设空所在的句子结构完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特别是该动词与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,考虑填入情态动词。
强化练习:6. The magazine ______ be Lucy’s. We can see her name on the cover.
技巧6 设空所在的句子结构完整,空格后的谓语动词为现在分词或过去分词,则需要分析句子时态,考虑填入助动词。
强化练习:7. I have made lots of other good friends from university and the different places I ______ worked in.
技巧7 固定短语中的介词或副词也是重要考点,此时需要根据句意和设空前后的词语考虑相关用法。
强化练习:8. Regular exercise is one of the most important ways to help you stay ______ from illness.
技巧8 对于一些固定的句式结构,同学们需要综合运用所学知识,从上下文中到相关的信息点,通过逻辑推理,确定所用句型。
强化练习:9. I’m sure ______ is nothing in the world that could stop us from being friends.
10. We are now all over the world and sometimes ______ difficult to meet each other, but we stay in touch.
Key:1. the 2. with 3. and 4. but 5. Though / Although 6. must 7. have 8. away 9. there 10. it’s
初中三年所有的动词短语汇总
同一动词+不同介词/副词
come短语
come across (偶然)遇见(或发现)
come along (意外地)出现;发生;来到
come down 降落
come from 来自
come back 回来
come on 快点;加油
come out 出版;发表;开花;发芽
come over 顺便来访
come true (希望、梦想等)实现
get短语
get away 逃离
get back 返回
get down 下降
get on 上车
get off 下车
get over 克服
get up 起床;起来
get along/on with sb. 与某人相处
go短语
go away 走开;离开
go back 回去
go up 上升;增长
go out 出去;熄灭
go off 爆炸;走开;衰退
go over 仔细检查;复习
go through 通过
give短语
give away 赠送;分发
give back 还给;归还;恢复(健康等)
give in 投降,屈服
give out 发出(气味、光线、声音、信号);分发
give up 放弃
look短语
look after 照顾;照看
look at 看
look around 环顾四周
look for 寻;寻求
look into 调查
look out 当心
look over (仔细)检查
look through 浏览
look up (在词典、参考书等中)查阅;查
look up to 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
look down upon 瞧不起
look forward to 盼望;期待
put短语
put away 把……收起来;储存……备用
put down 写下;放下
put off 推迟;拖延
put on 穿上;上演;增加connect的名词和形容词
put out 扑灭;熄灭(火)
put up 张贴;搭建
take短语
take away 拿走;带走
take down 取下;记下;拆卸
take in 吸入;吞入(体内)
take out 取出
take off 脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞
take up 占据(时间、空间);开始从事;拿起
take care 当心;小心
take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
take care of 照看;照顾
turn短语
turn down 调低,调小;拒绝
turn up 开大, 调高;出现
turn on 打开
turn off 关闭
turn out 结果是
turn in 上交
同一动词+不同介词/副词
1.We will never _______ our dream until it comes true one day.
A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away
A【解析】句意:我们永远不会_____ 我们的梦想直到它实现的那一天。give up放弃;give in屈服;give out分发;give away捐赠,根据句意放弃梦想,故选A。
2.—Hurry up! I’m afraid we will miss the plane.
—Don’t worry! The plane will not _____ until 12 o’clock.
A. take after B. take away C. take off D. take out
C【解析】句意:“快点!我担心我们将错过飞机”“不要担心!飞机12点前不会 _____。”take after(外貌或行为)像;take away拿走;take off起飞;take out取出。根据句意飞机应该是起飞,故选C。
3.—Why does your room look so small?
—Because the bed_______too much space.
A. takes up B. takes down C. takes off D. takes away
A【解析】句意“为什么你的房间看起来这么小?”“因为床_____太多的空间。”takes up占据;takes down记下;takes off脱掉,(飞机等)起飞;takes away带走,取走。根据语境可知,此处表示“床占据了太多空间,所以房间看上去很小”。故选A。
4.In order to save the energy, we should ________ lights in time if we don’t need them.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on
C【解析】句意:为了节约能源,在我们不需要用灯时,应当及时把他们_____。turn up调大,通常指声音等;turn down调小;turn off关闭;turn on打开。根据句意可知,此处是指关掉灯。故选C。
5.I’m very surprised to ________ an old friend in Paris. We haven’t seen each other for years.
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