·  spill
·  v.  [spɪl]　( spills; spilt/spilled; spilling )
·   
·  双解释义
·  vt. & vi. 溢出; 泼出   allow to run over the side of the container
·  vt. 使跌落   upset; cause (the rider, passenger, etc.) to fall
·  vt. 泄露机密   tell a secret too soon or to the wrong person
·  基本要点 
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1.spill的基本意思是“溢出”,指某种液体的体积超出盛其容器的范围而流出来,可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语。
2.spill也可作“使跌落”解,多由意外事故而致,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
3.spill还可作“泄露机密”解,常用于口语中,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
4.spill的过去式和过去分词美式英语多用spilled,英式英语多用spilt。
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·  词汇搭配 
∙～+名词
∙spill the coffee  溢出咖啡
∙spill ink  溢出墨水
∙spill the milk  溅出牛奶
∙spill secret  泄露秘密
∙spill water  溢出水
∙～+副词
∙spill over(汤等)  溢出
∙spill over into other field  (争议)扩大到其他领域
∙～+介词
∙spill from  从…溢出
∙spill into  涌进
∙spill into the street  涌上大街
∙spill on  使洒在…上
∙spill out of  流出
∙spill out of the container  从容器中流出
·  常用短语 
∙
spill out(v.+adv.)
(使)溢出,洒出 (cause to) overflow or leave a container accidentally
▲spill out 
The top had come off the bottle, and the wine is spilling out!瓶盖掉了,酒洒了出来。
Blood was spilling out all over the floor.血溅得满地板都是。
His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。
The train pulled in, and dozens of school children spilled out onto the platform.火车进站了,数十名孩子涌到站台上。
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·  句型例句 
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用作不及物动词
▲S+～(+A)
The coffee is so full that it might spill over.咖啡满得可能溢出来。
The bus spilled and picked up its passengers at every stop.公共汽车在每一站都停下来让旅客上下车。
Her long blond hair spilled down over her shoulders.她那金黄的头发披垂在双肩。
用作及物动词
▲S+～+n./pron.
Who has spilt the milk?谁把牛奶泼出来了?
Don't spill the coffee.不要把咖啡弄洒了。
She has spilt water over the plants.她已在植物上浇透了水。
The ship spilled oil while in port.这条船停泊港内时溢油。
The horse spilled his rider.马将骑手摔了下来。
The boat upset and spilled the boys into the water.船翻了,孩子们全都翻落水中。
She spilled her mind unintentionally.她无意中说出自己内心的想法。
Don't spill the secret.不可泄露秘密。
I knew he'd spilt the whole story!我知道他会把全部情况泄露出去!
He is a man who is easy to spill his mind.他是一个心里藏不住话的人。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The carriage upset and we were all spilled into the ditch.马车翻了,我们都摔到了沟里。
A lot of blood was spilled in that battle.那次战斗伤亡惨重。
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·  学习参考 
container什么意思∙
spill还可用作名词,意思是“溢出; 摔下; 暴跌”。
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·  补充资料 
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［同义词］  overflow, splash, tell
［词源］＜古英语spillan(溢出,流出)

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