对隐喻的研究可追溯到古希腊的亚里士多德，直到二十世纪的“隐喻热”，
可谓是观点众多，学派林立。自George Lakoff和Johnson Mark合著的《我们
赖以生存的隐喻》（Metaphors We Live By）发表以来，对隐喻的研究开创了认
知的全新视角，诸多中国学者也投身于此研究领域。比如：胡壮鳞的语法隐喻
研究，束定芳的《隐喻学研究》，以及对隐喻某一部分的英汉对比研究，比如，
蓝纯对英汉空间隐喻的对比研究，陈家旭对英汉人体隐喻的对比研究等。关于
动物隐喻的对比研究有的研究者是从文化的角度出发，也有部分研究者从认知
着手。
本文在前人隐喻理论研究基础上，从文化视角切入，侧重于英汉动物隐喻
的对比研究。动物隐喻与文化的密切关联是由其自身的特点、形成渊源以及实
际用法决定的。本文以英汉动物隐喻的语言结构，价值观体现以及动物形象对
比研究为基础，进一步分析其内在的文化差异，对英汉动物隐喻异同的文化内
涵包括生活条件、宗教信仰、风俗习惯、历史进程以及文学因素作出对比分析。
在外语学习中，与文化内涵密切联系的动物隐喻必然是一大难点，从而在交流
和翻译中也会带来一定的障碍。最后本文在对英汉动物隐喻的文化内涵异同分
析的基础之上，尝试提出了英汉动物隐喻翻译的参考策略——形象保留，形象
借入，形象增加，形象省略以及直译加注。针对不同特点的动物隐喻，采用不
同的翻译策略，从而求得跨语言、跨文化交流的顺利进行。
关键词：动物隐喻动物形象文化视角翻译策略
A Study of English and Chinese Animal
Study on metaphor could be traced back to Aristotle in Ancient Greek and
witnessed multischools with different viewpoints until today.Since George Lakoff
and Johnson Mark published their masterpiece Metaphors We Live By in 1980s,
study on metaphor has initialed an anew angle from the cognitive perspective.More
and more Chinese scholars also began their studies in this field.Hu Zhuanglin
contributed to the part of grammatical metaphor.Shu Dingfang developed the
metaphorical study,by publishing his famous work Metaphorical Study.A detailed
study on one subpart of metaphor also appeared in A Cognitive Approach
to Spatial Metaphors in English and Chinese by Lan Chun.Some of the present
contrastive studies of animal metaphors between English and Chinese are from the
cultural perspective and some from the cognitive perspective.Based upon the former
metaphorical theories,this paper mainly focuses on the contrastive study of animal
metaphors between English and Chinese from the cultural perspective.By analyzing
their linguistic structures,reflected values and animal images,this paper further
explores the cultural connotative factors of animal metaphors such as living
conditions,religious beliefs,literary factor,historical process and customary
scholarscultures.In foreign language learning,animal metaphors closely linked with culturalconnotations are difficult to understand,which often causes hindrance in the
cross-cultural communication and translation.Based on the analysis of differences
and similarities of Chinese and English animal metaphors,this paper tentatively puts
forth some translating strategies between English and Chinese animal metaphors
including image keeping,image borrowing,image increasing,image omitting and
literal translation with note.Aiming at different animal metaphors with different
features,different strategies might be adopted so as to keep cross-cultural
communication and translation smoothly.

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