2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（8）
李仕才
A
Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.
In fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S. last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.
However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In
wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?
The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don' t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.
How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and
crop viruses.
1.The passage mainly talks about________.
A. the world's food problem
B. the development in biotech
C. the genetically modified foods
D. the way to solve food shortages
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2.According to the passage, GM foods________.
A. will replace naturally grown foods
B. are far better than naturally grown foods
C. may help to solve the problem of poor nutrition
D. can cause serious trouble in developing countries
3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.”in Paragraph 2 probably
means that________.
A.GM foods are available everywhere
B. the technology in producing GM foods is advanced
C. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powers
D. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets
4.What's the writer's attitude towards GM foods?
A. Enthusiastic.
B. Cautious.
C. Disapproving.
D. Unbelievable.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。
1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Nowadays more and
more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介绍的是转基因食品。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Genetic engineering is widely used
to produce plants and animals with better nutritional values.”可知，转基
因食品有助于解决营养不良问题。
4.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的“However, like any new product entering
the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.”可知，作者认为转基因食品进入市场前需要严格的检测，由此可见作者对转基因食品的态度是谨慎的。
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan,14,has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway,New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach,Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house.“It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,”she says.
On October 29,2012,that ocean turned fierce.That night,Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast,and Rockaway was hit especially
hard.Fortunately,Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighborhood in ruins.Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her,people were suffering,especially the elderly.Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days,the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and
toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,”Natalie says,“but I can always choose how I
deal with it.”
Natalie’s choice was to help.
She created a website page,matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick,who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down.Within days,Patrick’s collection was replaced.
In the coming months,her website page helped lots of kids:Christopher,who received a new basketball;Charlie,who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway.Her efforts
made her a famous person.Last April,she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today,the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway,but hope is in the air.The streets are clear,and many homes have been rebuilt.“I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,”Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back,even stronger than before.”
1.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane,she found .
A.some friends had lost their lives
B.her neighborhood was destroyed
C.her school had moved to Brooklyn
D.the elderly were free from suffering
2.According to Paragraph 4,who inspired Natalie most?
A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B.The people trapped in high-rise buildings.
C.The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
3.How did Natalie help the survivors?
A.She gave her toys to other kids.
B.She took care of younger children.
C.She called on the White House to help.
D.She built an information sharing platform.
4.What does the story intend to tell us?
A.Little people can make a big difference.
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C.East or west,home is best.
D.Technology is power.
1.B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,Natalie第二天回到家时，发现她们的居住区已变成一片废墟。
2.A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“...the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.”可知，帮助洛克威重建的人们使Natalie最受鼓舞。
3.D细节理解题。根据第七段第一句可知，她建立了一个网站，将需要帮助的幸存
者和想要帮助灾民的捐赠者进行匹配。故选D项(她建立了一个信息共享平台)。
4.A主旨大意题。Natalie作为一个年仅14岁的小女孩，在飓风桑迪席卷家乡后，通过建立网站匹配需求者与捐赠者，使得许许多多需要帮助的人得到了帮助。本文彰显了在灾难面前，小人物也可以大有作为的真理。故选A项。B项意为“患难见真情”;C项意为“金窝银窝，不如自己的狗窝”;D项意为“技术就是力量”；均不符合文意。
C
Dear Sir，
I was surprised to read your recent editorial on the question of students' parttime jobs. You appear to be making lots of general comments on the basis of just one unfortunate case (I assure you that not all young people who deliver newspapers are as foolish and dishonest as the two youths mentioned in your article, and one singlecase is not strong enough in supporting a point as evidence. I think you wouldn't disagree with me at this point)．
The first point I would like to make is that there are many jobs teenagers can do which give them useful experience of the working world. They are brought into contact with a variety of people, often old
er, and are given experience of expressing themselves clearly and logically. Every young man will eventually be involved in social net work, and we can't expect them to act as a mature adult once they step out of school. I am thinking here of jobs such as travel guides and shop assistants. Parttime jobs are actually a kind of guiding that young people need before they play their role in real career.
Another argument for school children and college students having holiday or weekend jobs is that many parents need the financial assistance. If we take, for example, a family in which the father is unemployed or perhaps a singleparent family on a low income, it seems logical and fair that a son or daughter should try to bring money into the household. And I think it's also an education to young people what family responsibility is and what one should do in terms of showing their care and love.
One further thing I want to say is that a lot of jobs for the young can be fun for the people who do them and also useful to the community. Youngsters who help in

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