精做01  阅读理解之应用文
经典剖析 
Pali Overnight Adventures offers children and teens exciting experiences this summer. From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being offered.
Broadcasting Camp
Become the next star reporter, news writer, director or producer. While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. Every night it goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed of the happenings at Pali.
Secret Agent Camp
In the movie Mission Impossible, Tom Cruise made being a secret agent seem like the coolest job ever. Campers who sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know ab
out the life of real secret agents by learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field.
Culinary Camp
If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families.
Street Art Camp
This camp takes creative license to an entirely new level. Campers will share their colorful ideas and imagination with each other and work together to visualize, sketch and paint with non-traditional techniques to create the coolest mural which will be displayed in public for all to see.
1．How many camps does Pali Overnight Adventures offer this summer?
A．2.    B．4.    C．17.    D．21.
method英语怎么读
2．What will campers do at the Broadcasting Camp?
A．Create a website.  B．Run a news station.  C．Meet a star reporter.  D．Hold a dinner party.
3．Which camp will attract children who are interested in cooking?
A．Broadcasting Camp.  B．Secret Agent Camp.  C．Culinary Camp  D．Street Art Camp.
【答案】
1．C    2．B      3．C
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同类型的夏令营的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 hi
ghly unique camps being offered.”可知从广播到街头艺术，这只是17个非常独特的营地中的4个。由此可知，今年夏天巴利岛有17个露营地。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp.”可知在经营好我们自己的新闻电台的方方面面的同时，孩子们和他们的营员们将在每天晚上的晚餐时，为整个夏令营创作并主持播出一个广播。由此可知，营员在广播营会经营一家新闻电台。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families.”可知如果你的孩子喜欢呆在厨房里，那么烹饪夏令营绝对是最合适的选择。露营者学习烘焙、油炸和切菜的技术技能，以及一些他们可以带回家和家人分享的食谱。由此可知，Culinary Camp会吸引对烹饪感兴趣的孩子。故选C。 
应用文是高考英语阅读理解的常见文体。高考试卷的应用文阅读材料大多来自真实的生活，充满浓郁的时代气息，具有鲜明的语言特。它们种类繁多、涵盖面广，包括广告、书信、海报、指南、产品介绍、启事、招聘、书评等。
【考情分析】
1. 考查情况
一般把应用文放在阅读理解的A篇。应用文阅读材料题材丰富多样，标题、小标题以及重要的信息通常会以加粗字体或标下划线的形式突出呈现，文章所提供的信息丰富，语言简明扼要，难度不大。
2. 考查角度
从命题上看，应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，应用文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定，阅读材料会翻新，但会继续考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。
【文体特点与阅读策略】
1. 语言与结构特点
应用文语言简练，就其用词来看，文章里有大量生僻的专有名词，如地名、人名、机构名、组织名、书名、作品名等。
应用文主要用于传递信息，高考卷中所采用的应用文通常有两种行文方式。一种是文中的几则信息构成平行并列结构，即每一则信息中的项目及其位置有一致性和对应性，几则信息前有时会用一个段落对文章信息作整体上的说明；另一种是针对某一主题分项，分条目地呈现信息，每个段落围绕小标题呈现某一方面的信息。
2. 答题误区
应用文阅读理解试题难度不大，故答题时要谨防过于草率。出错的原因有可能是看信息时看错位，也有可能是为了追求速度只凭大致印象答题。因此，做题时一定要看准信息并在文章中出相关信息以确保万无一失。另外，不要一字不落地阅读全文，这样会浪费很多时间，而是应该有选择性地快速筛选和获取答题所需要的信息。
3. 阅读策略
应用文阅读理解总体上要做到稳、准、快，在确保准确率的基础上提高阅读速度，以
节省时间。解题时，要做到：
① 快速浏览知主题。快速浏览加粗字体的标题、小标题或加下划线的语句等最重要的信息，以了解语篇提供的是哪方面的信息，并判定行文方式。
② 速读题干，跳读定位信息。接下来阅读每一道试题，根据题干定位信息点，并在文章中出答案或相关信息。在定位和寻信息点的时候，可以充分利用加粗字体的标题、小标题、加下划线的语句等重要信息提高阅读和解题速度，如果每则信息的项目及其位置具有一致性和对应性，就可利用其一致性和对应性快速查答案，查信息时不一定要读完全文。
③细读解题信息。最后，根据查的相关信息，经过思考后选出正确答案。
真题精做
精做1：（2020·北京高考真题） 
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