第一部分必须掌
握，第二部分尽量掌握
第一部分：
1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法
2 专业英语Specialty English
3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering
4 土木工程Civil Engineering
5 地下工程Underground Engineering
6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering
7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering
8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering
9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering
10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics
11 交通工程Traffic Engineering
12 港口工程Port Engineering
13 安全性safety
17木结构timber structure
18 砌体结构masonry structure
19 混凝土结构concrete structure
20 钢结构steelstructure
21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure
22 素混凝土plain concrete
23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete
24 钢筋rebar
25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete
26 静定结构statically determinate structure
27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure
28 桁架结构truss structure
29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure
30 近海工程offshore engineering
31 静力学statics
32运动学kinematics
33 动力学dynamics
34 简支梁simply supported beam
35 固定支座fixed bearing
36弹性力学elasticity
37 塑性力学plasticity
38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity
39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics
40 土力学soil mechanics
41 水力学hydraulics
42 流体力学fluid mechanics
43 固体力学solid mechanics
44 集中力concentrated force
45 压力pressure
46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure
47 均布压力uniform pressure
48 体力body force
49 重力gravity 50 线荷载line load
51 弯矩bending moment
52 torque 扭矩
53 应力stress
54 应变stain
55 正应力normal stress
56 剪应力shearing stress
57 主应力principal stress
58 变形deformation
59 内力internal force
60 偏移量挠度deflection
61 settlement 沉降
62 屈曲失稳buckle
63 轴力axial force
64 允许应力allowable stress
65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis
66 梁beam
67 壳shell
68 板plate
69 桥bridge
70 桩pile
71 主动土压力active earth pressure
72 被动土压力passive earth pressure
73 承载力load-bearing capacity
74 水位water Height
75 位移displacement
76 结构力学structural mechanics
77 材料力学material mechanics
78 经纬仪altometer
79 水准仪level
80 学科discipline
81 子学科sub-discipline
82 期刊journal ,periodical
83文献literature
84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号
85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号
86 卷volume
87 期number 88 专著monograph
89 会议论文集Proceeding
90 学位论文thesis, dissertation
91 专利patent
92 档案档案室archive
93 国际学术会议conference
94 导师advisor
95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis
96 博士研究生doctorate student
97 研究生postgraduate
98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引
99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引
-
100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引
101 题目title
102 摘要abstract
103 全文full-text
104 参考文献reference
105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation
106 主题词Subject
107 关键字keyword
108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会
109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署110 ISO International Standard Organization
111 解析方法analytical method
112 数值方法numerical method
113 计算computation
114 说明书instruction
第二部分：
岩土工程专业词汇
2.foundation engineering基础工程
3.soil, earth土
4.soil mechanics土力学
cyclic loading周期荷载
unloading卸载
reloading再加载
viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基
viscous damping粘滞阻尼
shear modulus剪切模量
5.soil dynamics土动力学
6.stress path应力路径
7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学
二. 土的分类  1.residual soil残积土groundwater level地下水位  2.groundwater 地下水groundwater table地下水位3.clay minerals粘土矿物  4.secondary minerals次生矿物5.landslides滑坡  6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图
8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂15.silty sand粉土16.clayey soil粘性土17.clay粘土18.silty clay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.
sandy silt砂质粉土21.clayey silt粘质粉土22.saturated soil饱和土23.unsaturated soil非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土25.overconsolidated soil超固结土26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土28.zonal soil区域性土29.soft clay软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土31.peat泥炭32.loess黄土33.frozen soil冻土24.degree of saturation饱和度25.dry unit weight 干重度
四. 渗透性和渗流
1.Darcy’ｓ
law 达西定律  2.piping管涌  3.flowing soil流土4.sand boiling砂沸  5.flow net流网  6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage pressure渗透压力9.permeability 渗透性
10.seepage force渗透力
11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数
五. 地基应力和变形
1.soft soil软土
2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力
3.effective stress有效应力
5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度
6.low activity低活性
7.sensitivity灵敏度
9.foundation design基础设计10.recompaction再压缩11.bearing capacity承载力12.soil mass土体
20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）
21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载22.live load活载23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载
24.long-term transient load长期荷载25.reduced load折算荷载26.settlement沉降27.deformation变形28.casing套管29.dike=dyke堤（防）30.clay fraction粘粒粒组31.physical properties物理性质32.subgrade路基33.well-graded soil级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土35.normal stresses正应力36.shear stresses剪应力
37.principal plane主平面
38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=finite element method有限元法
41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法
42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力
43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力
46pression index压缩指数47.swelling index回弹指数48.geostatic stress自重应力49.additional stress附加应力50.total stress总应力51.final settlement最终沉降52.slip line滑动线
method英语
六. 基坑开挖与降水  1 excavation开挖（挖方）  2 dewatering（基坑）降水  3 failure of foundation基坑失稳
4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护
5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起
6 retaining wall挡土墙
7 pore-pressure distribution孔压分
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布8 dewatering method降低地下水位法9 well point system井点系统（轻型）10 deep well point深井点11 vacuum well point真空井点12 braced cuts支撑围护13 braced excavation支撑开挖14 braced sheeting支撑挡板
七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础
1)cast –in-place灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile 机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩
2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation
钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier
3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩
4)steel pile钢桩steel pipe pile钢管桩steel sheet pile钢板桩
5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩  2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱）3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙  4.friction pile摩擦桩  5.end-bearing pile端承桩  6.shaft竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析8.pile caps承台（桩帽）9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力10.lateral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力17.silent piling静力压桩18.uplift pile抗拔桩19.
anti-slide pile抗滑桩
20.pile groups桩21.efficiency factor of pile groups桩效率系数（η）
22.efficiency of pile groups桩效应23.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术
24.final set最后贯入度25.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验
26.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）29.pile spacing桩距
30.pile plan桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout 桩的布置
35.pile cushion桩垫36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩37.pile pulling test拔桩试验38.pile shoe桩靴39.pile noise打桩噪音40.pile rig打桩机
九. 固结consolidation
1.Terzzaghi’ｓ
consolidation theory太沙基固结理论
2.Barraon’ｓ
consolidation theory巴隆固结理论
3.Biot’ｓ
consolidation theory比奥固结理论
4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比
5.overconsolidation soil超固结土
7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结
<-dimensional consolidation一维固结
9.primary consolidation主固结
10.secondary consolidation次固结
11.degree of consolidation固结度12.consolidation test固结试验13.consolidation curve固结曲线14.time factor Tv时间因子
16.preconsolidation pressure前期固结压力
17.principle of effective stress有效应力原理
十. 抗剪强度shear strength 1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度
3.long-term strength长期强度
4.peak strength峰值强度
5.shear strain rate剪切应变速率
6.dilatation剪胀
7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction内摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failure criterion破坏准则13.vane strength十字板抗剪强度
14.unconfined compression无侧限抗压强度
15.effective stress failure envelop有效应力破坏包线
16.effective stress strength parameter有效应力强度参数
十一. 本构模型--constitutive model
1.elastic model弹性模型
3.elastoplastic model弹塑性模型
4.viscoelastic model粘弹性模型
5.boundary surface model边界面模型
6.Duncan-Chang model邓肯－张模型
7.rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型
8.cap model盖帽模型
9.work softening加工软化10.work hardening加工硬化11.Cambridge model剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model理想弹塑性模型
13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则
14.yield surface屈服面
15.elastic half-space foundation model弹性半空间地基模型
16.elastic modulus弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model 文克尔地基模型
十二. 地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil
1.punching shear failure冲剪破坏
3.local shear failure局部剪切破坏
4.state of limit equilibrium极限平衡状态
6.stability of foundation soil地基稳定性
7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容许承载力
十三. 土压力--earth pressure
-
1.active earth pressure主动土压力
2.passive earth pressure 被动土压力
3.earth pressure at rest静止土压力
4.Coulomb’ｓearth pressure theory库仑土压力理论
5.Rankine’ｓ
earth pressure theory朗金土压力理论
十四. 土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis
1.angle of repose休止角
2.Bishop method毕肖普法
3.safety factor of slope边坡稳定安全系数
4.Fellenius method of slices费纽伦斯条分法
5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法
6.slices method条分法
十五. 挡土墙--retaining wall
1.stability of retaining wall挡土墙稳定性
2.foundation wall基础墙
4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙
5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙
7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙
8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙
十六. 板桩结构物--sheet pile structure    1.steel sheet pile钢板桩  2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles钢桩  4.wooden sheet pile木板桩  5.timber piles 木桩
十七. 浅基础--shallow foundation 1.box foundation箱型基础  2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础  3.strip foundation条形基础  4.spread footing扩展基础  5pensated foundation 补偿性基础  6.bearing stratum持力层7.rigid foundation刚性基础8.flexible foundation柔性基础
10 foundation pressure基底附加应力
11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析
十八. 土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils
1.dynamic strength of soils动强度
2.wave velocity method 波速法
3.material damping材料阻尼
5.damping ratio阻尼比
6.initial liquefaction初始液化
7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期
8.dynamic shear modulus of soils动剪切模量9.dynamic ma 二十. 地基基础抗震  1.earthquake engineering地震工程2.soil dynamics土动力学  3.duration of earthquake地震持续时间  4.earthquake response spectrum地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity地震烈度  6.earthquake magnitude震级7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震最大加速度
二十一. 室内土工实验  1.high pressure consolidation test高压固结试验  2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结试验  3.falling head permeability变水头试验
5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固结不排水试验(UU)
8paction test击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test固结快剪试验
10.quick direct shear test快剪试验
12.sieve analysis筛分析13.geotechnical model test土工模型试验14.centrifugal
model test离心模型试验
15.direct shear apparatus直剪仪16.direct shear test直剪试验17.direct simple shear test直接单剪试验
18.dynamic triaxial test三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear 动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱试验
二十二. 原位测试  1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验  2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波试验  3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)动力触探试验  4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验  5.plate loading test静力荷载试验6.lateral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test旁压试验11.light sounding轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement深层沉降观测13.vane shear test十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test现场渗透试验15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-situ soil test原位试验

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