英语语言学试题（1）
11、Chomsky defines "competence" as the ideal user's k of the rules of his language.
12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b .
13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
14、A s is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a completestatement, question or command.
15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under allcircumstances are called c synonyms.
16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker to
12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b .
13、M is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
14、A s is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a completestatement, question or command.
15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under allcircumstances are called c synonyms.
16、The illocutionary point of r is to commit the speaker to
something's being the case, to the truth of what has been said.
17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c .
18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he's), Black English can d the form of "be".
19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c period for first language acquisition.
20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, i is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.
17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c .
18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he's), Black English can d the form of "be".
19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c period for first language acquisition.
20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, i is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.
I
()21、In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons.
()22、Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both
Chinese and English.
()23、method英语The compound word "bookstore" is the place where books are sold. This
indicates that the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meanings
of its components.
()24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only.
()25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects
such as British English and American English but cannot be found within
()21、In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons.
()22、Voicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both
Chinese and English.
()23、method英语The compound word "bookstore" is the place where books are sold. This
indicates that the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meanings
of its components.
()24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only.
()25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects
such as British English and American English but cannot be found within
the variety itself, for example, within British English or American
English.
English.
()26、Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violated
and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational
implicatures arise.
()27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly spoken
today also includes languages that are not Indo-European.
()28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speech
situations known as domains.
()29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,
speakers' perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.
and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational
implicatures arise.
()27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly spoken
today also includes languages that are not Indo-European.
()28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speech
situations known as domains.
()29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis,
speakers' perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.
()30、All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first
language.
二
11.A sentence is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of w________ to form a complete statement,q________or command.
12.In sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s__g________.
13.Utterance is based on ________ ________ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a context.
14.To many people,a linguist is the same as a ________,one who can speak several languages fluently.
language.
二
11.A sentence is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of w________ to form a complete statement,q________or command.
12.In sociolinguistic studies,speakers are treated as members of s__g________.
13.Utterance is based on ________ ________ ;it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a context.
14.To many people,a linguist is the same as a ________,one who can speak several languages fluently.
15.Consonant sounds can be either v ________or v__,while all vowel sounds are v________.
16.All words may be said to contain a root morpheme.( )
17.Tense and reference are two terms often encountered in the study of meaning.( )
18.Linguistics is the course of language.( )
19.The part of a sentence which compriese comprises an infinite verb or a verb phrase is grammatically called predicate.( )
20.Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.( )
21.The term dialect,as a technical term in linguistics,carries value judgement and not simply refers to a distinct form of language.( )
22.Morphology is translated as 形态学。( )
23.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )
24.The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.( )
25.Semantics is the main part of linguistics.( )
22.Morphology is translated as 形态学。( )
23.The word “photographically” is made up of 4 morphemes.( )
24.The smallest meaningful unit of language is allomorph.( )
25.Semantics is the main part of linguistics.( )
30.naming theory and conceptualist view
31.maxims of quality and manner
32.blending
33.sociolect
34.subvocal speech
35.contrastive analysis
35.contrastive analysis
英语语言学试题（3）
11.Language exists in time and changes through time. The description of a language at some point of time is called a _s_______ study of language.
12.An essential difference between consonants and vowels is whether the air coming up from the lungs meets with any _o________ when a sound is produced.
13.The morphemes that cannot be used by themselves, but must be combined with other morphemes to form words are called _b________ morphemes.
14.XP may contain more than just X.For example,the NP "the boy who likes his puppy" consists of Det,N and S,with Det being the _s________,N the head and S the complement.
15.According to Searle's classification of illocutionary acts,"to suggest that someone should see the doctor" should fall into the category of _d________.
16.Hyponymy is the relationship which obtains between specific and general lexical items.The word that is more general in meaning is called _s________.
17.Vowels can be nasalized.The vowel nasalization rule is an _a________ rule,which,for the most part, is caused by articulatory or physiological process in which successive sounds are made identical, or more similar, to one another.
18.One mark of an informal style is the frequent occurrence of _s________ words and expr
essions, which make sense only to the people of particular social groups and serve as a mark of membership and solidarity within a given social group.
19.The brain is divided into two roughly symmetrical halves, called _h________, one on the right and one on the left.
20.Linguists often use the term native language or mother tongue instead of first language, and _t________ language instead of second language in second language acquisition literature.
21.( )Human capacity for language has a genetic we are all born with the ability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically transmitted.
19.The brain is divided into two roughly symmetrical halves, called _h________, one on the right and one on the left.
20.Linguists often use the term native language or mother tongue instead of first language, and _t________ language instead of second language in second language acquisition literature.
21.( )Human capacity for language has a genetic we are all born with the ability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically transmitted.
22.( )A general difference between phonetics and phonology is that phonetics is focused on the production of speech sounds while phonology is more concerned with how speech sounds distinguish meaning.
23.( )Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds.
24.( )Sentences are not formed by randomly combining lexical items, but by following a set of syntactic rules that arrange linguistic elements in a particular order.
25.( )The same semantic feature occurs in one part of speech only. For example, "female" occurs only in nouns such as "mother", "woman" "girl" "tigress" and so on but not in other parts of speech.
26.( )According to Searle's classification of illocutionary acts, inviting, ordering, advising, promising and apologizing all fall into the category of directives.
27.( )New words may be formed from existing words by subtracting an affix thought to be part of the old word; that is, ignorance sometimes can be creative. Thus "peddle" was deriv
ed from "peddler" on the mistaken assumption that the "-er" was the agentive suffix.
28.( )Women in Western countries at least appear to be more status-conscious and sensitive to the social significance of certain linguistic variables.
29.( )The case of Genie confirms that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop.
30.( )Conscious knowledge of linguistic rules does ensure acquisition of the rules and therefore an immediate guidance for actual performance.
28.( )Women in Western countries at least appear to be more status-conscious and sensitive to the social significance of certain linguistic variables.
29.( )The case of Genie confirms that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period and consequently, most linguistic skills cannot develop.
30.( )Conscious knowledge of linguistic rules does ensure acquisition of the rules and therefore an immediate guidance for actual performance.
英语语言学试题（5）
11. The description of a language at some point in time is a s________ study.
12. When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i________.
13. According to its position in the new word, a________ are divided into two kinds: prefixes and suffixes.
14. P________ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings.
15. Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called s________ restrictions.
16. The u________ meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.
17. Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of related languages in a genealogical family tree, and to reconstruct the p________, the original form of a language family that has ceased to exist.
18. R________ are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations.
19. Learners will subconsciously use their L1 knowledge in learning a second language. This is known as language t________.
20. A related issue with integrative motivation has been the extent to which learners differ in the process of adapting to the new culture of the L2 community. This adaptation process is called a ________.
18. R________ are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations.
19. Learners will subconsciously use their L1 knowledge in learning a second language. This is known as language t________.
20. A related issue with integrative motivation has been the extent to which learners differ in the process of adapting to the new culture of the L2 community. This adaptation process is called a ________.
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