英语单词发音规则
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 读音例词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
元音字母 读音例词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音,也可以读作音。
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
or在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音,也可以读作音。
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读音例词
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
or在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读音例词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字的读音
元音字组或字 读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字的读音
元音字组或字 读音例词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-
sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗柜
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如: everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] > cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读音例词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
开音节与闭音节
1.以元音字母结尾或以辅音字母(r除外)加不发音的元音字母e结尾的音节,叫做开音节,在这种音节中的元音字母可读出字母的名称音。
例: no/noo/ type/taip/ me/mi:/
2.以辅音字母(r除外)结尾的音节,叫闭音节,在这种音节中的元音字母则读与之相对应的音。
例:lesson/lesn/ big/big/
即:闭音节和开音节的说法只与五个元音字母有关.
五个元音字母是 A E I O U
这五个元音字母本来的发音分别是Aa〔ei〕Ee〔i:〕Ii〔ai〕Oo〔əu〕Uu〔ju:〕
当它们在一个单词中读本来的音的时候,就叫开音节。
比如:name中的a字母,like 中的i字母
而这几个元音字母在单词中还可以发其他的音.列如〔æ〕、〔e〕、〔i〕、〔ɔ〕、〔ʌ〕如:bag、cat、bed, desk、bigmethod怎么读音、pig这时就叫做闭音节。
例: no/noo/ type/taip/ me/mi:/
2.以辅音字母(r除外)结尾的音节,叫闭音节,在这种音节中的元音字母则读与之相对应的音。
例:lesson/lesn/ big/big/
即:闭音节和开音节的说法只与五个元音字母有关.
五个元音字母是 A E I O U
这五个元音字母本来的发音分别是Aa〔ei〕Ee〔i:〕Ii〔ai〕Oo〔əu〕Uu〔ju:〕
当它们在一个单词中读本来的音的时候,就叫开音节。
比如:name中的a字母,like 中的i字母
而这几个元音字母在单词中还可以发其他的音.列如〔æ〕、〔e〕、〔i〕、〔ɔ〕、〔ʌ〕如:bag、cat、bed, desk、bigmethod怎么读音、pig这时就叫做闭音节。
重读闭音节是指:这个动词是重读音节,同时单词的最后也是以辅音字母结尾的闭音节。
音节:
单音节:音标中含有一个元音;(单音节全是省略了重读符号的重音节)
双音节:音标中含有二个元音;(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
多音节:音标中含有三个或三个以上的元音音标。(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
音节:
单音节:音标中含有一个元音;(单音节全是省略了重读符号的重音节)
双音节:音标中含有二个元音;(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
多音节:音标中含有三个或三个以上的元音音标。(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
单元音词:一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾,双写加ing
双音节词:一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾 并且后一个元音重读,双写加ing
1.go-going 去 2. stand-standing 站 3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉
4. eat-eating 吃 5. sing-singing 唱 6. drink-drinking 喝
7. read-reading 读 8. look-looking 看 9. walk-walking 散步
10. watch-watching 看11. draw-drawing 画 12. fly-flying 飞
13. open-opening 打开14. jump-jumping 跳 15. do-doing 做
16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 捡 18. play-playing 玩
19. kick-kicking 踢 20. talk-talking 说话 21. cook-cooking 烹饪
双音节词:一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾 并且后一个元音重读,双写加ing
1.go-going 去 2. stand-standing 站 3. sleep-sleeping 睡觉
4. eat-eating 吃 5. sing-singing 唱 6. drink-drinking 喝
7. read-reading 读 8. look-looking 看 9. walk-walking 散步
10. watch-watching 看11. draw-drawing 画 12. fly-flying 飞
13. open-opening 打开14. jump-jumping 跳 15. do-doing 做
16. paint-painting 绘画 17. pick-picking 捡 18. play-playing 玩
19. kick-kicking 踢 20. talk-talking 说话 21. cook-cooking 烹饪
22. learn-earning 学习 23. swing-winging 游泳
24. climb-climbing 爬 25. count-counting 数数
26. clean-cleaning 打扫 27. fish-fishing 钓鱼
动词变现在分词2:
去e 加-ing
1. come – coming 来 2. dance - dancing 跳舞 3. close - closing 关
4. make – making 制造 5. ride – riding 骑 6. write - writing 写
7. take - taking 拿走 8. phone - phoning 打电话
9. move – moving 移动 搬 10. have – having 有
动词变现在分词3:
双写加-ing
1. sit- sitting 做 2. hop - hopping 单脚跳 3. swim- swimming 游泳
4. run - running 跑 5. cut – cutting 切 6. put – putting 放
24. climb-climbing 爬 25. count-counting 数数
26. clean-cleaning 打扫 27. fish-fishing 钓鱼
动词变现在分词2:
去e 加-ing
1. come – coming 来 2. dance - dancing 跳舞 3. close - closing 关
4. make – making 制造 5. ride – riding 骑 6. write - writing 写
7. take - taking 拿走 8. phone - phoning 打电话
9. move – moving 移动 搬 10. have – having 有
动词变现在分词3:
双写加-ing
1. sit- sitting 做 2. hop - hopping 单脚跳 3. swim- swimming 游泳
4. run - running 跑 5. cut – cutting 切 6. put – putting 放
辅音字母在单词中不发音的规则,一般有下列14条:
一、字母b在字母t之前,如:debt [det] (欠债)
二、字母b在字母m之后,如:comb [kεum] (梳子)
三、字母c在字母s之后,如:muscle ['m∧sl] (肌肉)
四、字母d在词尾-dge中,如:bridge [brid3] (桥)
五、字母g在字母n之前,如:sign [sain] (标记)
六、字母gh在t之前,如:fight [fait] (打)
七、字母h在r之后,如:rhythem ['riem] (节奏)
八、字母h在词首ex-之后,如:exhibition [eksi'bi∫n] (展览会)
九、字母h在词首gh中, 如:ghost [gεust] (鬼)
十、字母k在字母n之前,如:knee [ni:] (膝)
十一、字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中,如:talk [t):k] (谈话),half [ha:f] (一半),calm [ka:m] (平静),could [kud] (能)
十二、字母n在词尾-mn中,如:autumn ['):tεm] (秋天)
十三、字母t在词尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中,如:listen [' lisn] (听), castle ['ka:sl] (城堡)、soften ['s)fn] (软化)
十四、字母w在字母r之前, 如:wrong [r)η] (错)
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