发动机开发试验中英文名词对照
1 热力学开发试验  Thermodynamics Test
1.1 性能试验  Performance Test
1.1.1 全负荷试验  Full Load Test
1.1.2 部分负荷试验  Part Load Test
1.1.3 排放试验  Emission Test
1.1.4 油耗开发试验  Fuel Consumption Test
1.2 冷却系统性能试验  Cooling Functional Test
对整个发动机冷却系统的功能及特性（如，冷却液及机油的温度、压力和流量等）进行
检验，试验在不同的冷却液及机油温度下进行，发动机需装配上面向批产的散热器、加热器
及机油冷却器等。
V erification of the function and characteristic of the complete engine cooling system (e.g. coolant and oil temperatures / pressure / flow). Measurement with different coolant temperatures in the complete map shall be carried out production intend radiator, heater, oil cooler shall be installed on the engine.
1.2.1 关键零件温度的测量（缸盖、活塞、气门、缸孔）
Measurement of critical component temperatures (Cyl. Head, Pistons, Valves, Cyl. Bore) 1.2.2 节温器功能检查（静态/动态的控制特征）
Check of thermostat function (Stat.& Dym. Control characteristics)
1.2.3 热平衡分析
Heat Balance analysis
1.2.4 水泵气穴特性的确定
Determination of water pump cavitation characteristing
1.2.5 冷却系统的压力建立
Cooling system pressure build-up
1.2.6 开锅后的影响
Check of after boiling effects
1.3 润滑系统性能试验  Lubrication Function System
对整个发动机润滑系统的功能及特性（如冷却液及机油温度、压力和流量等）进行检验，
试验在不同的冷却液及机油温度下进行。
V erification of the function and characteristic of the complete engine lubrication system
(e.g. Coolant and oil temperature / pressure / flow). Measurement with different coolant / oil temperatures in the complete map shall be carried out.
1.3.1 测量主油道的机油温度
Oil temperatures at main gallery
1.3.2 测量各油道的机油压力和流量
Oil pressures, flow rates and oil distribution
1.3.3 观测较高机油温度下的机油通风和机油加注水平
Oil aeration & oil filling level at maximum oil temperature
1.4 配气机构及驱动机构的动态试验  Valve Train And Drive Dynamic Test
对发动机点火运转时，配气机构及皮带轮驱动机构的动态性能及角振动性能进行分析。将在凸轮轴传动系统的每一只皮带上装配专用传感器，对凸轮轴和曲轴的角振动进行测量并对结果进行分析。汽缸盖上也将装配专用检测工具，如感应式传感器、应变传感器，以测量气门升程及气门落座速度，同时还将进行张紧轮运行情况的测量，测量工作在发动机点火运
转时进行。
E valuate the dynamic valve train and belt behavior and the angular vibrations during fired engine operation. On every pulley in the camshaft drive, a special transducer shall be equipped for the measurement to analyze the angular vibration of the camshaft and crankshaft. The Cyl. Head shall also be built up with special measurement devices, e.g. inductive transducer, strain gauges to measure, e.g. valve lift and valve seating velocities. Additional measurements regarding movement of t
he tensioner shall be performed. Measurements shall be done in the comlete map with the fired engine.
1.4.1 开发凸轮驱动系统，并与二级供应商开发张紧器
Development Of Cam Drive System Incl. Tensioner In Co-Operation With The Sub-Supplier 1.5 热怠速试验  Hot Idle Test
评估配气机构在恶劣的高温下的润滑性能。组装时所有相关接触面不涂抹机油，发动机在高速怠速条件下运转。发动机起动时机油温度通过机外调节到130℃。试验将进行两个小
时。
T est shall be done to evaluate the valve train behavior under extreme temperature conditions. All components shall be assembled oil free in the contact zones. Engine shall be tested at height temperature of 130℃ by external oil conditioning. Test shall be last two hours.
1.5.1 热怠速条件下的液压挺柱功能评估（选择最大泄漏量）
Assessment Of Hydraulic Tappet Function Under Hot Idle Condition
1.6 发动机倾斜试验  Engine Inclination Test
确保发动机在机油回流和通气时的安全性。试验包括在点火条件下，在专用试验台上，
不同的倾斜位置以及不同机油液面和旁通量的条件下进行。
T he engine inclination test verifies the safety against engine oil pull over and oil aeration. Therefore, the engine will be investigated under fired condition a special test bench with different inclination positions with different oil levels and blow by values in the complete map.
1.6.1 在不同倾斜角度下润滑和呼吸系统性能的评估
Assessment Of Lubrication And Breather System Performance Under Tilt Angles
1.7 润滑系统通气及曲轴箱通风试验Oil Aeration & Crankcase Ventilation Test
机油通气试验包括对发动机润滑系统中空气含量的测量。测量在不同的润滑油液面（包
括溢流和不满）及机油温度条件下进行。
T he oil aeration test contains the measurement of the free air in the engine lubrication system. Measur
ement with different oil level including over fill and under fill and oil temperatures in the complete map shall be carry out.
1.7.1 活塞窜气量图谱  Blow-By Map
1.7.2 曲轴箱压力图谱和曲轴箱压力控制
Crankcase pressure map, crankcase pressure control
1.7.3 机油流失量/机油分离器的功能
Oil carry-over / oil separator function
1.7.4 机油加注水平对机油流失量的影响
Effect of oil filling level on oil carry-over
1.7.5 活塞漏气量增加时的可靠性检验
Robustness check against increased blow-by flows
1.8 活塞漏气量试验Engine Blow By Survey Test
在耐久性或开发试验中，监测发动机状况需要活塞漏气量试验。也可在活塞环/气缸体开
发或者磨合完毕后，进行该试验，为项目开发建立试验数据库。
T he test results can be used to monitor engine condition during durability or functional development. It can also be used during piston ring / liner development or after brake in to
build a data base during a development program.
1.8.1 机油耗的开发
Development of oil Blow-By
1.9 活塞拉缸试验(热态/冷态) Piston Scuff Test (Hot / Cold)
活塞与活塞环的开发将与有经验的系统供应商共同进行，本试验是为了确保活塞与活塞环的拉缸安全性。试验将在严格的条件进行，如最小活塞间隙。
1.9.1 初始活塞外形开发
Initial piston profile development
1.10 曲轴扭转振动试验  Crankshaft Torsion Vibration Test
曲轴扭转振动性能的分析也涉及到减振器的布置，将采用专门的测量技术对曲轴的扭振
信号进行测定。
T he torsion vibration of the crankshaft shall be investigate with view on the damper layout. The signals are determined by special applied measuring technology.
1.11 过速试验  Over-Speed Test
本试验是为评估配气机构在恶劣的过速条件下的性能，发动机在最高怠速转速下试2小
时，冷却液与机油温度通过机外调节。
T est shall be done to evaluate the valve train behavior under extreme speed conditions. Engine shall be tested two hours at maximum high idle; coolant and oil temperatures shall be externally conditional.
1.12 起动试验  Starting Test
1.1
2.1 冷起动试验  Cold Starting Test
1.1
2.2 热起动试验  Hot Starting Test
1.13 温度场试验  General Temperature Survey Test
本试验是为了测定缸盖与缸体的最高温度。将在每个汽缸上安装热电耦温度传感器。试
验在不同的冷却液及机油温度下进行。
T ests shall be done to determine the maximum cylinder head and block temperatures. Components shall be equipped with thermocouples on each cylinder measurement shall be carried out with different coolant / oil.
1.13.1 气门温度试验  Valve Temperature Test
测气门的最高温度，将在相关机构上安装专用测量装置。
T est shall be done to determine the maximum valve temperatures. Components shall be
equipped with special measurement devices.
1.13.2 活塞温度试验  Piston Temperature Test
测定气门和活塞的最高温度。
T est shall be done to determine the maximum piston and valve temperatures. Components shall be equipped with special measurement devices, e.g. tem plug for the piston by the supplier.
1.14 附件驱动机构性能试验  Auxiliary Drive Performance Test
1.14.1 曲轴角振动Auxiliary drive performance test
profile中文1.14.2 多V型带的硬度和阻尼水平  Characteristic Of Tensioner
1.14.3 张紧轮特性  Characteristic Of Tensioner
1.14.4 附件的负荷波动  Load Fluctuation Of Accessories
1.14.5 附件惯量  Inertia Of Accessories
1.15 附件共振试验  Auxiliary Resonance Test
实验考察所有的附件及其支承上由于其振引起的负荷。试验将在发动机的工况平面上
到共振工况。试验将进行400小时。
T he test shall check all auxiliaries and there fixing due to loads caused by resonance. Typically the test starts with an engine wrapping with the definition of all resonance engine operation points. After this the engine will run for about 100h in each detected operation point. The test shall be last 400 hours.
2 耐久性试验  Durability Test
2.1 初始耐久性试验  Initial Durability Tests
2.1.1 200hrs标准耐久性  200hrs Standard Durability Test
2.1.2 1500循环初始热冲击试验1500 Cycles Initial Thermal Shock Test
2.1.3 800hrs循环负载试验  800hrs Cycles Load Test
2.1.4 500hrs活塞和气缸盖裂纹试验500hrs Piston & Cyl. Head Crack Test
2.1.5 3000循环热冲击试验  3000 Cycles Thermal Shock Test
2.1.6 150hrs高速耐久试验  150hrs High Speed Durability Test
2.2 深度耐久性试验

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