Q-1) What are the types of VSAM datasets?
VSAM（Virtual Storage Access Method）数据集的类型有哪些？
A1) Entry sequenced datasets (ESDS), key sequenced datasets (KSDS) and relative record dataset (RRDS).
ESDS登陆顺序数据集、KSDS键顺序数据集、RRDS相对纪录顺序数据集，当然还有LDS 线性顺序数据集
Q2) How are records stored in an E S DS, entry sequenced dataset?
记录（records）在E SDS中是怎么储存的？
A5) They are stored without respect to the contents of the records and in the order in which they are included in the file.
纪录在ESDS中不是根据他们的内容储存的，而是根据他们在文件中的顺序储存的。
Q3) What is a CI, control interval?
CI（control interval）控制间隔是什么？
A3)    A control interval is the unit of information that VSAM transfers between virtual and auxiliary storage.
一个控制间隔CI （control interval）是VSAM在虚拟存储和辅助存储之间传输的信息的单位
Q4) What are the distinctive features of a ksds, key sequenced dataset?
什么是KSDS（key sequenced dataset）的与众不同的特点？
A4) The index and the distributed free space.
索引和分布式空白区域
Q5) What is a CA, control area?
CA(control area)控制域是什么？
A5)    A group of control intervals makes up a control area.
一组CI（控制间隔）组成一个CA
Q6) What is a sequence set?
sequence set顺序组是什么？
A6) This is the part of the index that points to the CA and CI of the record being accessed.
顺序组是指向正在被访问的纪录的CA和CI的引索的一部分
Q7) What is the index set?
Index set 变址组是什么？
A7) This is the other part of the index. It has multiple levels with pointers that ultimately reach to the sequence set.
他是相对于sequence set顺序组的引索的另一部分他有多级指针最后指向sequence set
Q8) What is a cluster?
Cluster是什么？
A8)    A cluster is the combination of the index, sequence set and data portions of the dataset. The operating system gives program access to the cluster, ie. to all parts of the dataset
simultaneously.
一个cluster是数据集（ds）中引索index 顺序sequence 数据区data portions的总和。操作系统把程序的访问权限给cluster，同时给与数据集的所有部分
Q9) What is the catalog?
什么是编目catalog？
Q9) The catalog contains the names of all datasets, VSAM and non-VSAM. It is used to access these datasets.
编目包含了所有数据集的names，VSAM或非VSAM的。他是用来访问这些数据集的。
Q10) What is an alternate index?
次索引alternate index（AIX）是什么？
Q10) An AIX is a file that allows access to a VSAM dataset by a key other than the primary one.
一个AIX是一个允许你通过除了主键以外的键访问VSAM数据集的文件。
Q11) What is a path?
路径path是什么？….
Q11) A path is a file that allows you to access a file by alternate index - the path provides an association between the AIX and the base cluster.
Path是允许你通过AIX访问文件的一个文件，它提供了AIX和基cluster之间的一个关联。
Q12) What is the upgrade set?
什么是upgrade set更新组？
Q12) The upgrade set is the list of all AIXes that VSAM must maintain for a specific base cluster, so that when data in the base cluster is updated, the AIX files are also updated.
更新组是VSAM必须维护的所有AIX的列表，使得当基cluster中的数据被更新的时候，AIX文件也被更新
Q13) What is free s pace?
自由的空间free space是什么东西？
Q13) Free space is reserved within the data component of a KSDS to accommodate inserting new records.
free space是保留在KSDS的数据部分中，提供插入新纪录的位置
Q14) What is a VSAM s plit?
什么是VSAM split？
Q14) If there isn't enough space in the control interval VSAM performs a control interval split by moving some records to the free control intervals. If there isn't a free control interval VSAM performs a control area split by allocating a new control area and moving half of the control
intervals to it.
Q15) What is the base cluster?
什么是base cluster？
Q15) The base cluster consists of the data component and the index component for the primary index of a KSDS.
基cluster是由一个KSDS的主键索引的数据部分和索引部分组成的。
Q16) Do primary key values have to be unique? Do alternate key values have to be unique?
主键值是唯一的吗？那么次键呢？
Q16) Primary key values must be unique; alternate key values need not be.
主键值必须是唯一的，次键值不需要唯一
Q17) In the COBOL S ELECT statement what is the ORGANIZATION for a KS DS?
在COBOL S ELECT 语句中，什么是KSDS的ORGANIZATION
Q17) The ORGA NIZATION is INDEXED.
ORGANIZATION就是INDEXED。。。。。。详细解释needed
Q18) In the COBOL S ELECT stateme nt for a KSDS what are the three possibilities for ACCE SS?
在COBOL S ELECT 语句中，访问KSDS的ACCE SS的三个方式是什么？
Q18) ACCESS can be SEQUENTIA L, RANDOM or DYNAMIC.
顺序访问，随机访问，动态访问
Q19) What is the COBOL RECORD KEY clause?
COBOL 中RECORD KEY 子句是什么？
Q19) The RECORD KEY in the SELECT clause identifies the files primary key as it will be known to the program.
SELECT中的RECORD KEY子句定义了文件的主键，使它能被程序所认知。
Q20) What is the purpose of the FILE STATUS clause in the S ELECT statement?
在COBOL S ELECT 语句中，FILE S TATUS子句的意义是什么？
Q20) The FILE STATUS field identifies the field that VSAM used to provide information about each I/O operation for the file.
FILE STATUS区域定义了用VSAM提供每一个对文件的I/O操作的域
Q21) If you wish to use the REWRITE command haw must the VSAM file be opened?
如果你希望使用RE WRITE命令，那么VSAM文件必须以什么方式打开？
Q21) It must be opened as I/O.
必须以I/O方式打开OPEN I-O filename
Q22) Explain the meaning and syntax for the START command.
解释START命令的意思和语法
Q22) The START command is used read other than the next VSAM record.    A value must be moved into the RECORD KEY. The KEY clause is optional, but it can be used to specify a relational (equal, less than, etc.) operator.
START命令是用来READ VSAM中的非下一条的纪录。一个值必须赋给RECORD KEY。KEY子句是可选的，但是它可以被用来指定一个相关的（相等，小于等等）操作
Q23) What is the meaning of dynamic processing?
动态处理的意思是什么？
Q23) It's rarely used. It means one program uses both sequential and random processing for a VSAM KSDS file.
这很少使用，它的意思是说一个程序对一个VSAMKSDS文件同时使用顺序和随即两种处理方式
Q24) Name some common VSAM error conditions and codes.
列举一些VSAM的错误原因和报错码
Q24) They are end of file (10), duplicate key (22), record not found (23), VSAM logic error (90), open problem (92) and space problem (93).
文件结束end of file (10), 重复的键duplicate key (22), 没有到记录record not found (23), VSAM 逻辑错误VSAM logic error (90), 打开出错open problem (92) and空间问题space problem
(93).
Q25) What is the VSAM-code field?
VSAM的编码区域是什么？
Q25) It is a COBOL II enhancement to VSAM batch processing expanding the FILE STATUS field.
It is defined in WORKING-STORA GE as a six byte group item with three two byte elements, the normal return code, the function code and the feedback code.
这是COBOL2 给VSAM的批处理新增的FILE STATUS区域。它是在WORKING-STORA GE中定义的3个2字节的元素组成的6字节的组项目。3个2字节的元素分别是普通返回码、功能码和反馈码。
Q26) What is a VSAM slot?
什么是VSAM槽？
Q26) A relative record dataset (RRDS) consists of a specified number of areas called slots. Each slot is identified by a relative record number (RRN) which indicates its relative position in the file.
一个相对纪录数据集包含许多指定的区域叫做槽。每一个槽是被一个能够显示其相对位置的相对纪录号RRN所定义的。
Q27) What is the utility program closely associated with VSAM?
和VSAM紧密联系的utility program是什么？
Q27) IDCAMS, the access method services utility.
IDCAMS ——访问方法服务utility
Q28) There are at least seven IDCAMS commands; name and explain each of them ?
IDCAMS至少有7个命令，说出他们并进行简单说明。
Q28) ALTER modifies information for a catalog, alternate index, cluster or path. BLDINDEX builds the alternate index, of course. DEFINE is used for ALTERNATEINDEX, CLUSTER or PATH. DELETE
removes the catalog entry for a catalog, cluster, alternate index or path. LISTCAT lists information about the dataset. PRINT prints the dataset contents. REPRO copies records from one file to another.
ALTER 为一个编目，次索引，cluster或者路经修改信息。
elect是什么意思BLDINDEX 当然是创建次索引。
DEFINE 是用于定义A LTERNATEINDEX, CLUSTER 或PATH
DELETE 是用来删除一个编目，次索引，cluster或者路经的编目入口。
LISTCAT 是用来列表数据集的信息
PRINT 当然是打印数据集内容
REPRO 把记录复制到另一个文件
Q29) What are the three levels of definition for the VSAM DEFIN E?
什么是VSAM DEFINE的三级定义？
Q29) They are DEFINE CLUSTER, DATA and INDEX.
是定义clusterDEFINE CLUSTER，数据DATA 和索引INDEX.
Q30) What is the significance of the S HAREOPTIONS parameter?
共享选择权SHAREOPTIONS 参数的重要性是什么？
Q30) It specifies how the file may be shared between jobs and between batch and CICS environments. 它指定文件如何在JOB中，批中和CICS环境中进行共享。
Q31) What is the meaning of the DEFIN E MODEL parameter?
解释一下定义模型DEFINE MODEL参数
Q31) It specifies whether Daniela Pestova or Yamila - oops! Wrong models! The MODEL parameter allows you to model your cluster by modeling it after an existing cluster.
MODEL参数允许你通过一个现有的MODEL来创建CLUSTER
Q32) What is File Status in VSAM?
VSAM中的文件状态是什么？
Q32) The FILE STATUS clause of the FILE-CONTROL paragraph allows for each file to be associated
with a file status key (i.e., the 2-character data item specified in the FILE
STATUS clause). If the FILE STATUS clause is specified for a given file,    a value indicating the status of each I/O operation against that file is placed in the associated file
status key. This value is stored in the file status key as soon as the I/O operation is completed (and before execution of any EXCEPTION/ERROR declarative or INVA LIDKEY/AT
END phrase associated with the I/O request).
Note: This element may behave differently when the CMPR2 compiler option is used. The file status key is divided

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