2023届湖南省岳阳市高三上学期一模英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Where the Wild Things are
Durban,a great all-round destination in South Africa,is home to some of South Africa’s most diverse wildlife.There you can see an impressive array of wild animals in the flesh, from lions,leopards and elephants to endangered species.Durban KZN is now just a direct British Airways flight away—take a look at some of its most unforgettable wildlife experiences.
Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park
Start north of Durban at one of South Africa’s most celebrated national parks. Hluhluwe-iMfolozi really comes alive during the winter months,when many animals congregate(聚集)at the water sources.Both the Black uMfolozi and White uMfolozi rivers flow through here,and it’s your best chance to see the Big Five all in one place lions, leopards,elephants,buffalo and rhinos,both black and white.Guided morning walks can be booked ahead for an astonishingly reasonable E12-f15.
Kosi Bay
It is an appealing complex of coastal lakes and an estuary(河口)with a peaceful, unspoiled atmosphere.The lake system in particular is home to a wide range of creatures, such as hippos,flamingos,crocodiles and Zambezi sharks(common bull sharks).You’ll also find more than250bird species here,including the rare palm-nut vultures.
Sodwana Bay
The three-mile Mgobozeleni Trail in Sodwana Bay presents excellent opportunities for bird watching,taking you through picturesque coastal forest and grassland.Deep-sea fishing is also popular here,but to really make the most of Sodwana you have to try the snorkelling(带呼吸管潜水).Come outside of the summer holidays to avoid the rush and you’ll be rewarded with enchanting,technicolour undersea life.
uMkhuze Game Reserve
At this point,you might be thinking,‘Well,this is all well and good,but where are the hyenas?’That itch can be(metaphorically)scratched at uMkhuze,where the screeching beasts congregate in the dense scrubland,along with rhinos and elephants.This reserve is also home
to more than400bird species.Again,guided walks can be booked in advance for₤10. 1．Birds are pointed out in the places EXCEPT_____
A．Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park B．Kosi Bay
C．Sodwana Bay D．uMkhuze Game Reserve
2．If tourists want to visit Sodwana Bay,which season is said to be avoided? A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Fall.D．Winter. 3．Guided walks in uMkhuze Game Reserve is worth_____
A．₤12B．₤13C．₤15D．₤10
Five years ago,Abhay and a group of his Grade10classmates at Seaquam Secondary School in British Columbia,Canada,made their first video call to the Arctic.On the other end of the line was Abhay’s23-year-old brother,Sukhmeet,a volunteer teaching assistant and his class at East Three Secondary in Inuvik,North-West Territories.
The conversation started with typical teen small talk.But as the teens grew more comfortable,the chat turned serious.Students in Inuvik detailed the legacy or problem of residential schools for native students on their families,including stories of social problems and alcohol abuse.Seaquam kids shared
how they felt helpless to do anything about the thrcat posed by the climate crisis.
After both groups said their goodbyes,the brothers had an idea:what if the conversation, meant to expand the students’perspectives about life outside their hometowns,didn’t have to end?Students,they figured,could continue to benefit from bridging geographical and cultural differences.They called their organization Break The Divide.Today,it facilitates conversations and coordinates community action between youth all over the world.“It all starts with empathy,”Abhay says.
The students at Seaquam used social media to spread the word about their mission to create eye-opening conversations,and Break The Divide helped them to start their own chapters,providing resources.Individual chapters are encouraged to connect with each other based on common big-topic interests,such as mental health,truth and reconciliation actions,and climate change.There are now over two dozen Break The Divide chapters located across Canada as well as at schools in China,Cambodia,South Africa and Bolivia.
Hundreds of conversations later,the brothers are still optimistic that the core principle of Break The Divide empathy can play a central role in how youth tackle the issues that matter
most to them.“I hope that we can be part of creating a world where we are all listening to each other,”s
ays Abhay.“Listening with an intent to learn and to change.”
4．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．The two brothers have taught in the same city for five years.
B．The two brothers often make video calls instead of children.
C．Teens from both sides had a friendly and deep conversation.solidity
D．The conversation was only concerned with typical teen small talk.
5．Why did the two brothers call the organization Break the Divide?
A．Students asked them to do so.
B．They wanted to express sympathy.
C．Break the Divide invited them to expand the students’perspectives.
D．Students could continue to benefit from such interaction hopefully.
6．Who is Break the Divide targeted at?
A．Teachers in Canada.B．Families living in American countries. C．Teens in Inuvik.D．The youth around the world. 7．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．Magazine.B．Scientific paper.
C．Tourist guide.D．Autobiography.
Alberto Conejo has not lived in China long,but his contributions are strongly felt not only in the area in which he works as an expert,but also in the construction of a more environmentally friendly world as a whole.
One of the biggest problems facing humanity has to do with carbon dioxide emissions. In this sense,Conejo has made important contributions through his research to reduce energy consumption in steel production by using foamy slag(熔渣)as an insulator(绝缘体)in electric arc furnaces(电弧炉).As the steel industry is the one that emits the largest amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the world—around7percent“The work I did focused on optimizing the use of electrical energy and minimize energy losses,”he said.
Conejo is not just any man.His dedication and work have earned him important recognition,but these achievements have not been without sacrifices.“During that time we traveled to many parts of China;we went to remote villages,climbed mountains,crossed rivers and lakes,and visited old towns and museums,”he recalled.
Although Mexico“had almost everything,”there was something missing.For this reason, when the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering at the University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)offered him a position as a researcher and professor under a six-year contract,the Mexican did not hesitate to take the flight.
These efforts led him to be awarded the Chinese Government Friendship Award on September30last year,the highest distinction for foreigners who have made outstanding contributions to the cause of the country’s modernization,reform and opening up.Although he is aware of his achievements,Conejo does not hesitate to say that this is also the result of shared teamwork.“The only thing I can say is that there are no individual achievements,but the results of a collective effort because in everything we do we use previously developed knowledge.”
8．What is the purpose of Conejo’s research?
A．To minimize energy losses in electricity industry.
B．To maximize the profit of steel industry in Mexico.
C．To promote industrial collaboration between China and Mexico.
D．To cut down energy consumption in steel production.
9．What do the underlined word“optimize”mean in paragraph2.
A．Pay close attention to.B．look out for.
C．Make the best of.D．Give rise to.
10．What can be inferred from Conejo’s words in the last paragraph?
A．Individual dedication has nothing to do with his achievements.
B．The team’s joint effort contributes to their accomplishments.
C．If only they use previously developed knowledge they must make achievements. D．Individual achievements play a significant role in his career.
11．What’s the best title of this article?
A．Chinese Government Friendship Award-the highest distinction for foreigners. B．Award-Winning Mexican-low-carbon steel making professor.
C．Carbon Dioxide Emissions-one of the biggest problems.
D．Collective Effort-key to outstanding contributions.
Teaching artificial intelligence to understand simple physics concepts,such as that one solid object can’t occupy the same space as another,could lead to more capable software that
takes less computational resources to train,say researchers at Deep Mind.
Now,Luis Piloto at Deep Mind and his colleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning through Auto-encoding and Tracking Objects(PLATO)that is designed to understand that the physical world is composed of objects that follow basic physical laws.
The researchers trained PLATO to identify objects and their interactions by using simulated(模拟的)videos of objects moving as we would expect,such as balls falling to the ground,rolling behind each
other and bouncing off each other.They also gave PLATO data showing which pixels(像素)in every frame or photo belonged to each object.To test PLATO’s ability to understand five physical concepts,such as solidity,persistence(that an object doesn’t tend to vanish)and unchangingness(that an object tends to retain features like shape and colour),the researchers used another series of simulated videos.Some showed objects obeying the laws of physics,while others depicted ridiculous actions.They tasked PLATO to predict what would happen next in each video,and found that its predictions were reliably wrong for nonsensical videos,but usually correct for logical ones,suggesting the Al has an intuitive(直觉的)knowledge of physics.
Piloto says the results show that an eccentric view of the world could give an Al a more generalized and adaptable set of abilities.“If you consider,for instance,all the different scenes that an apple might be in,”he says.“You don’t have to learn about an apple on a tree,versus an apple in your kitchen,versus an apple in the garbage.When you kind of separate the apple as its own thing,you’re in a better position to generalize how it behaves in new systems,in new contexts.It provides learning efficiency.”
“This is somewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats are,”Chen Feng at New York University says.“The benefit of using object centric representation,instead of raw visual inputs,makes Al learn intuitive physical concepts with better data efficiency.”
12．Why was PLATO created?
A．To help AI process more data.
B．To teach AI researchers how to use simple physics knowledge.
C．To enable AI to comprehend simple physics concepts.
D．To have objects follow basic physical laws.
13．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The purpose of the research.B．The participants of the research.

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