形容词和副词的用法及专项训练题 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
英语王 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
英语网 - 少儿英语专家 作者：英语王教… 文章来源：本站原创 点击数： 5516 更新时间：2006-6-12 14:35:08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
形容词和副词的用法 一、形容词 1、形容词可分为两大类：描绘形容词和限定形容词。描绘形容词是描写人或物的颜、尺寸、形状、性质、状态等的形容词。限定形容词用于限定被修饰词的数量、距离、所有关系等。除了these和those外，形容词的单数与复数形式相同。
2、形容词的位置 修饰语一般应置于被修饰语之前，但当几个形容词修饰同一名词时，其排列顺序一般如下：
Example: that strong young Chinese swimmer 注意：形容词前有as, so, no, too, how等词时，不定冠词应置于形容词之后。 She is too kind a girl to refuse. 在下列情况下，修饰语应置于被修饰的名词后： （1）名词之后的数量词＋名词＋old, long, wide等。 a boy six years old, a street two kilometers long （2）为了加强语气或音调美，将描绘形容词置于名词之后。 He had a face thin and worn, but eager and resolute. （3）something, anything,everyone, anybody…＋形容词。 There′s nothing wrong with the electric cooker. （4）作定语用的分词或形容词短语 The judge has talked to all the people involved. 3、“数词＋名词”构成的形容词 （1）数词＋名词，如 a two-week tour, a ten-page report等。 （2）数词＋名词＋形容词，如 a seven-year-old boy等。 （3）名词（无冠词）＋基数词=the＋序数词＋名词，如 Unite 6=the Sixth Unite （4）“数量词＋复数名词”作主语，虽然是复数形式，但仍然用单数动词，作为一个单位来表示。如果强调个别数，则须用复数动词。 Ten years is quite a long time to him. Two months have passed since I last heard from my parents. 二、副词 1、副词的构成如下： （1）本身就是副词，如very, now, there, quite等. （2）有形容词后缀如-ly, 如happily, carefully等。 （3）有些副词与形容词同行，如early, high, long, fast, hard等。 注意：有些-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词，如manly, friendly, queenly等。 2、副词的位置 （1）修饰形容词和副词时，须放在被修饰词之前，如 The scenery around here is very beautiful. （2）always, never, often, sometimes, ususlly等表示频率的副词在一般动词前，be动词后，有助动词时，在助动词和动词之间。 He usually gets up early, but he got up late today. I have never met him and I hope I will never meet him. （3）有两个以上不同种类的副词作修饰语时，其顺序为地点（小地点＋大地点）→状态→次数→时间（单位小的时间＋单位大的时间）。 They arrived in Paris safely the other day. (4)seldom, rarely, never等具有否定意义的频率副词置于句首时，助动词或be动词须放在主语的前面（也叫倒装句），如 Never did I hear such a funny story=I never heard such a funny story. 3、几个特殊副词的用法 （1）enough须置于所修饰的形容词和副词之后；too须置于所修饰的形容词和副词之前. She speaks English well enough to be an interpreter. It,s too hot a day to work. 但enough修饰名词时须置于名词之前. Have you got enough money for this microwave oven? （2）too…(for…)＋不定式（to），作“太…而不能”解；enough＋不定式，意思是“足够可以”，这一结构可转换成so…that结构。 The boy was still too young to go to school. →He was so young that he could not go to school. The man is rich enough to buy a Roll-Royce. →He is so rich that he can buy a Roll-Royce. (3)already用于肯定句，作“已经”解；yet用于否定句，作“还”解，用于疑问句作“已经”解，still作“仍然”解。 I have already seen film. Have you seen the film yet? I still prefer tea to coffee. （4）随着only和also在句中位置的改变，句意和语气也会改变。 Only Mr Li came to see me today. Mr Li came to see only me today. Mr Li came to see me only today. 三、形容词的比较等级 形容词比较等级的规则变化如下表：
四、形容词比较等级部分不规则变化表
五、形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法 形容词与副词都有三个比较等级。 1）原级常用于“as＋原级＋as”结构 He likes her as much as he likes his sister. 否定的原级用not as…as或not so …as,二者一般无甚区别。 He does not smoke so heavily as his brother. 2）比较级常用于“比较级＋than” 结构. He is taller than me. 否定比较与否定原级一样，也用not as(so)…as…结构，也可用less…than结构. This word is less frequent in British English than in American English. 3）两个人或物比较时，定冠词the＋比较级表示最高级。 He is the taller of the two. 4)最高级常用于“the＋最高级＋比较范围”结构，比较范围为短语或从句。 He is the best picture in the hall. 5)含有否定词的比较级，如 (1)no less than=as much(or many)as “不亚于” not less than=at least “至少” (2)no less… than =as…as “和……一样” not less＋原级＋than “至少不亚于” (3)no more…than=not…any more than “和……一样不……” not more…than=not so…as “不像……那样……” (4)no more than=only “只不过”，言其少 not more than=at most “不多于”，“至少” 6）表示“几倍于”用twice（两倍），three times（三倍）＋as…as, This book costs twice as much as the other one. 7)the＋比较级……,the＋比较级, 意思是“越……就越”，如： The harder you work , the more you will learn. 8)比较结构之前可用程度状语加以修饰，如as…as前可用almost,nearly,just(about),quite等词语修饰，如， John is almost as tall as his father. 9)在more than结构之前可用far,(so)very much, (quite)a lot, a great deal, (just)a bit, still, far等词语修饰，如： He speaks English a lot more rapidly than he does French. 10）比较级＋and＋比较级，作“越来……越”解，如： The days are getting longer and longer. 形容词 、副词专项练习题 ( )1 Nowadays science fiction isn’t as ____________ as cartoons among teenagers. A.popular B.more popular C.less popular D.the most popular ( ) 2. We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing ________ these years than ever before. A. quickly B.less quickly C.more quickly D.the most quickly ( )3. The cheese cake tasted so ______ that the kids asked for more. A.delicious B.well C.bad D.badly ( )4．—Why didn’t you enjoy the talk? —It was ________talk that I had ever listened to． A．the most interesting B．the least interesting C．more interesting D．1ess interesting （ ）5. Guo Yue did quite _______ at the World Table Tennis Championship(锦标赛) ，but Zhang Yining did even _____. A. better; well B. well; well C. well; better D. better; better （ ）6. — Whose picture is better, Jack’s or Tom’s? — Both of them are good. I think Jack draws Tom. A. as good as B. as well as C. better than D. worse than （ ）7. It gets very here in summer. A.cool B.cold C.warm D.hot （ ）8. Be ________, and you will do well in the English exam. A.careful B.polite C.sure D.friendly （ ）9. Lin Tao is good at all the subjects at school, _________English. &ally B.mostly C.especially D.exactly （ ）10. —The coat is too expensive. —Look, here's another one. It's___ ______and nicer. A. dearer B. cheaper C. older D. longer （ ）11.The population of Tianjin is __________ than that of Shanghai. A larger B less C smaller D fewer （ ）12.It’s raining _________. We have to stay at home instead of going fishing . A badly B hardly C heavily D strongly （ ） 13. Kate is as _________as Maria. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest （ ）14. She looks very________. I think she needs to have a rest. A. tired B. hard C.well D. hardly （ ） 15．--Tom is terribly ill. --We’d better send him to hospital as _____as we can． A． slowly B。quickly C。quietly D．easily （ ）16. --Do you like the Moonlight Sonata? --Sure, it sounds really________ A. clear B. clearly C. beautiful D. beautifully （ ）17. Supermarkets are necessary. People usually spend_____ time finding things they want, but they usually spend _____ money than they want. A.less; less B.less; more C.fewer; less D.fewer; more （ ）18. “Do you want to improve your score in math? Try staying away from your computer!” A recent report in Britain says, “The _____ students use computer at school and at home, the _____ they do in exams of reading and math.” A.more; better B.less; worse C.more; more D.less; better （ ） 19 . He speaks English ______ an American, so we all believe that he has stayed in America for many years. A.as good as B.worse than C.as badly as D.as well as ( )20 . ---- The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess instead? ---- All right. That is __________ than watching a boring programme. A.very good B. much good C、very better D.much better ( )21. Even though she looks very young, she is twice my twenty-year-old sister. A. as old as B. older than C. so old as D. as older as ( )22. The sooner you take your medicine, you will feel. A. the more good B. better C. the more D. the better ( )23. Of the four T-shirts I like the blue one . A. much best B. the best C. better D. the better ( )24. Xiao Yang has learned to study in the U.S. A. English enough B. enough English C. more English D. much English ( )25. He explained it to me, but I′m no wiser. A. enough B. the C. more D. much ( )26. Xiao Wang′s mother bought him a racing bicycle for his birthday. A. five-speeds B. five-speed C. five-speed′s D. five-speeds′ 形容词 、副词专项练习题参考答案 （1）A (2)C (3)B (4)B (5)C (6)C (7)D (8)A (9)C (10)B (11)C (12)C (13)A (14)A (15)B (16)C (17)D (18)A (19)A (20)A (21)A (22)D (23)B (24)B (25)B (26)B | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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