Acknowledgements
Time flying, the three years of graduate life are drawing to an end. I am very grateful to those who helped me.
First and foremost, I would like to give my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my supervisor Associate Professor Zou Can. She has given me the most valuable instructions and insightful advice in my thesis writing, and has spent much precious time in reading and revising the manuscript of my thesis. During my three years of graduate life, she not only taught me how to engage in translation research and practice, but also broadened my horizons. Her kindness and encouragement impress me a lot during my three-year study in Chengdu University of Technology. My heartfelt thanks are also given to other teachers who have offered me enlightenment and guidance.
Secondly, I am indebted to my beloved family. Without their selfless love and support, I could never have finished my paper. It is their warm encouragement that keeps me moving on.
Moreover, I am very grateful to all the authors whose books I have used as references. It is their books that provide me with the valuable materials needed in my thesis.
Last but not least, many thanks should go to my classmates and friends, who have invited me to join the translation team and have helped me in one way or another. It is with them that I have really had happy school days and unforgettable memories. Thank you all.
An Application of Functional Equivalence to E-C Translation of English Business Letters—A Case
Study of Business Letters of Peking Syndicate
Limited
Abstract
China‟s economic cooperation with foreign countries steps into a new era with the advancement of economic globalization and Chinese acceleration of reform and opening-up. Economic and trade cooperation between China and foreign countries becomes increasingly frequent. Consequently, the cries of the business translation are demanding, among which business letter translation is of great importance. Precise translation of business letter, it is beneficial to economic exchanges. Therefore, it is necessary for translators to study the translation of business letter.
As a pattern of business English, English business letter has its special function and characteristics diff
erent from general English not only in diction, sentence structure, but also in textual style. The author hopes that he can resolve the difficulties to some extent which exist in the translation of English business letters with the help of Nida‟s functional equivalence theory. As for the difficulties existing in the translation process, such as technical term, archaic word and phrase in diction; complex sentence, passive voice in syntax; and completeness, courtesy, accuracy and conciseness in discourse; the author copes with these by employing such strategies or techniques as conversion, amplification, omission, substitution, order adjustment, equivalent information translation, cohesion and coherence and so on.
Based on the translation of English Business Letters of Peking Syndicate Limited, this thesis mainly analyzes the linguistic features of English business letter and difficulties encountered in the actual translation. At the same time, the author proposes some strategies and techniques to cope with these difficulties. The whole thesis consists of four parts. In the first part, the author introduces the backgrounds of the project, functional equivalence theory, and the mechanism of quality control. In the second part, the author analyzes the features of English business letter from the aspects of diction, syntax, and discourse. In the third part, the author summarizes some strategies and techniques of English business letters in terms of these features which are mentioned in the second part. In the last part, the author makes some
reflections and suggestions concerning the difficulties and problems he encountered so as to provide some help and references for the translators who are dedicated translation of English business letters.
Keywords: business letter; functional equivalence theory; feature analysis; strategies and techniques
功能对等理论在英文商业信函文本汉译中的应用—以《英国福公司相关英文商业信函》为例
摘要
随着日益加快的经济全球化及改革开放的不断深入，中外经贸合作往来不断加强，我国的对外经济合作进入了一个新时期。中国与外国的经贸合作也变得愈来愈多，愈来愈频繁。如此一来，商务英语翻译的需求量愈来愈大，作为商务英语之一的英语商业信函也显得尤为重要。精确地商务信函翻译有益于经济交流，因此，译者对商务信函翻译的研究很有必要。
商务信函属于商务英语的范畴，有其独特的特点，在词的选择，句子结构以及文体形式上和一般英语有所不同。作者希望借助奈达的功能对等理论在一定程度上解决在商务信函汉译过程中遇到的难题。至于这些在作者翻译过程中的困难例如专业术语、古体词的翻译、复杂句、被动语态的处理、以及语篇的整体性、礼貌性、准确性以及简洁性特点等，作者结合奈达的功能对等理论采用了转换、增译、省译、替代、语序调整、等值信息翻译以及衔接与连贯等翻译策略与技巧。
基于英国福公司商业信函的翻译实践，本篇论文主要分析了英文商业信函的语言特征以及描述了在作者实际翻译实践中遇到的困难。同时，作者针对这些困难也提出了一些相应的翻译策略与技巧来解决这些困难。整篇论文共分为四个部分。在第一部分，作者介绍了翻译项目的相关背景信息，阐述了奈达的功能对等理论，并引入了质量控制机制。论文的第二部分，作者从用词、句法、以及篇章三个方面分析了英文商业信函的一些显著特征。在第三部分，作者就第二部分的英文商业信函的特征分析分别提出了相应的翻译策略与技巧。最后一部分，作者就整个翻译实践中遇到的困难进行了反思和总结，以期通过此探究对今后致力于英文商务信函汉译工作的译者提供一些有益的帮助和借鉴。
关键词：英文商务信函；功能对等理论；特征分析；策略与技巧
Contents
Acknowledgments (i)
< i i 摘要........................................................................................................................ i v Introduction. (1)
Chapter One Description of the Translation Project (3)
1.1 Background of the Project (3)
1.1.1 Introduction to the Project (3)
1.1.2 Requirements for Translation (3)
1.2 Pre-translation Preparation (4)
1.2.1 File Format Converting (4)
1.2.2 Glossary Building (5)
1.2.3 Information Collecting (5)
archaic1.2.4 Theoretical Guidance ---Functional Equivalence (6)
1.3 Quality Control of the Translation (7)
1.3.1 Pre-translation Management (8)
1.3.2 Translating Process Management (8)
1.3.3 Post-translation Management (9)
Chapter Two Feature Analysis of English Business Letter (11)
2.1 Diction Analysis (11)
2.1.1 Financial Terminology (11)
2.1.2 Archaic Word and Phrase (12)
2.1.3 Modal Word (13)
2.1.4 Abbreviation (13)
2.1.5 Synonym (14)
2.2 Syntactic Analysis (14)
2.2.1 Fixed Expression (15)
2.2.2 Complex Sentence (15)
2.2.3 Passive Sentence (16)
2.3 Discourse Analysis (17)
2.3.1 Completeness (17)
2.3.2 Courtesy (18)
2.3.3 Accuracy and Conciseness (19)
Chapter Three Strategies and Techniques Used in the Project (21)

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