笔记符号
看到上面的实例,一般初学者都无法解读,因为它充斥着大量的符号。这
notable是什么意思些符号代表着什么意思,如何获取这些符号,这是我们首先要谈到的问题。口
译笔记法中的符号是为了满足口译时间紧迫性要求而采用的。经验告诉我
们,在做笔记的过程中要想把说话者的发言全部复写下来是不容易做到的。
即便是抓住每个句子的重点词汇来记录,也往往是记录了前一个句子,便漏听
了后一个句子。而简单明了的符号往往可以给译员争取更多的时间来听辨源
语。口译笔记法中的符号可以从各种各样的途径获得。这些符号一般都是简
明的、惯用的以及我们熟悉的图形和符号。下面我们就要谈谈符号的来源。
(一)数学符号
·.‘:因为,由于,幸亏;because,due to,thanks to,....
.·.:所以,因此,结果是;SO,therefore,consequently,….
=:相同,一致,公平;the same as,equal to,similar to,.…
≠:不同,不公平,有差距;difference,disparity,…
一:大约,大概;about,almost,neady,….
>:大于,超过,高于;surpass,exceed,more than,superior to,一..
<:少于,低于;less than,inferior to,…
+:另外,多;plus,add,moreover,besides,…
一:减去,除去,除了;minus,deduct,except,…
∞:行动,行为,法案;action,act,…(due to its pronunciation[毋])
[]:在……之中,在……之内;among,within,.…
∈:属于;belong to,….
×:错的,不好的,负面的;wrong,mistake,bad,notorious,negative,….
、/:对的,好的,积极的;correct,good,positive,affirmative,.…
(二)惯用符号
::看,说,想,评论;speak,express,think,….
岔:疑问,疑惑,问题是;question,problem,issue,inquiry,interrogate,
ask,puzzle,query,confused,mystery,bewildered,....
!:危险,警告,当心,值得注意的是;
1)dangerous,warning,alarming,alert,hazardous,perilous,jeopardy,
watch out,....
2)sure,certainly,of course,….
函:信息,消息,情报;information,message,intelligence,….
/:删除,废除,放弃;delete,discard,give up,....
一:贸易,交换,交流,关于,关联,替代;trade,exchange,communica—
tion,relationship,..。.
一:这个,强调;underlining a certain word/phrase to add to the mood of
speech.indicating“emphasize”,….
e.g.:例如,比如;for example,such as,….
(三】图形符号(这种符号的个人性及扩充性很强)
@:高兴,激动;happy,pleased,excited,….(This is a smiling face.)
@:失望,不满意,生气;unhappy,unsatisfied,angry,….
0:会议,聚会;conference,symposium,eonvenhon,session,forum,semi。
nar,council,congress,meeting,assembly,gathering,committee,com.
mission,association,union,senate,parliament,convocation,….
@:学校,大学,教育机构;school,coHege.educational institution.….
0:医院,医疗机构;hospital,medical institution.….
O:全部的,整个的,所有的,完整的,彻底的;complete,whole,.…
△:目标,目的;aim,objective,target,….
/D:看到,注意到;see,notice,watch.….
丝:重视,强调;pay attention to,highlight..…
口:国家,民族;nation,state,republic,kingdom,federal,union,….
(This resembles one element of the Chinese character“国”.)
八:领导,顶点,顶级;
1)top,head,tip,peak,uttermost,maximum,climax,supreme,crown
2)leader,head(man),director,chancellor,boss,manager,officer,
captain,king,queen,emperor,empress,majesty,dictator,ruler,
commander,governor,mayor,administrator,supervisor,monitor,moni.
tress,minister
台:国家领导人,政府首脑;state leader
争:出口;export-
N:进口;import
△:城市,都市;city,urban,metropolitan,cosmopolitan,…
V:农村,乡村;village,rural,country,countryside,farm,suburb,out。
skirt,….
☆:重点,重心,重视;重要的,主要的,杰出的;
1)important,significant,key,crucial,critical,meaningful,essential,
decisive,eventful,influential,substantial,consequential,principle of
great importance
2)outstanding,distinguished,marked,remarkable,notable,excellent,
perfect,eminent,famous,well—known,well—recognized,great,promi—
nent,prestigious,extraordinary,glorious,noteworthy,grand,magnifi—
cent
3)wonderful,terrific,fantastic,fabulous,marvelous
4)chief,primary,main,major,dominant,overwhelming,most
5)emphasize,stress,focus,underscore,underline,accentuate,high—
light,attach great importance to,lay stress on,pay attention to
m:特征,特点,代表;
1)feature,character,characteristic,symbol,sign,peculiarity,attrib—
ute,quality,nature,trademark,mark,specialty
2)represent,symbolize,exemplify,typify,embody,epitomize,per—
sonify,on behalf of,stand for
早:女性;woman,female,….
6:男性;man,male,....
V:胜利,凯旋;victory,triumph,….
$:美元,钱;有钱的,富裕的;dollar,money,rich,well—off,….
u:协议,决议,合约,条约;agreement,treaty,contract,covenant,con—
pact,convention resolution,.…
o:结束,停止,完成,实现;halt,stop,complete,….
】1.渠道;channel,tunnel,tube,pipe,ditch,duct,….
0:发展;developement,advancement,….
-J:过去;in the past,long before,past time,.…
L:将来;in future,in the future…..
j:影响,效果,压力,负担;
1)influence,effect,affect,impact,have bearing on
2)pressure,stress,burden,load
(四)趋向符号
+__:邀请,需要,访问,来到;(be)invited,needed,come(here)…..
_:去,到,走;to,go(there)
t:增加,提升,提高,升级,升值;increase,improve,enhance,grow,ad.
vance,heighten,lift,rise,raise,elevate,promote,escalate,update,
exalt,boost,nourish,go up,climb up,stand up,bring up,give boost
to
^:减少,下降,降低,贬值;decline,decrease,reduce,drop,fall,de—
scend,sink,weaken,devalue,degrade,dwindle,lower,depress,less—
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