一 比较级
教材第97 页
Less ….than….不如。。。。
Some boys are less hard-working than Tom. 不如Tom 学习努力。
Less 加上 形容词或是副词的原级+than 翻译成 不如。。。。
With the development of the Internet, ______communication will be done by regular mail.
A . more B. less C. much D. little
随着网络的发展,平信的交流越来越少了。选择 B。
David get a higher grade in the final exam, for, you see, he made______mistakes.
A. few B. fewer C. little D. less
Little 以及它的比较级用于修饰不可数名词,而mistakes 是可数名词复数了,所以排除C,D。higher grade 得到更高的分数,是因为犯了更少的错误,选择B。
此外,否定词加上比较级表示最高级的意思。
I couldn’t agree with you more. 表示我非常同意。
I can’t find a better man than you. 指的是你最好!
倍数的表达:
先说倍数,再 as+形容词或是副词原级+…as
This ruler is three times as long as that one.
先说倍数,再the + 度量衡的名词(size 大小,length长度,weight重量,number 数量,amount 数量, width宽度, 高度height, 深度depth)+of
This ruler is three times the length of that one.
The ruler is twice longer than that one.
关于介词,请参看第 36 页。 徐悲鸿这课有好多实用的介词。
During his lifetime
Combine poetry with painting
Across the painting
At high speed
Across the sky 跨越天际
During his early youth
His eyes are fixed on the cabbage
She is deep in thought.
二。 不定代词
Many : 许多, 加上可数名词复数
Much: 许多,加上不可数名词
常见的不可数名词如下:
液体类: water, juice, beer
气体类:gas, air,
微粒类: flour, sand
天气类:rain, wind , snow
特殊记忆:money, bread, furniture(家具), equipment(设备)
Some, any 区别是: some 用于肯定句,表示一些,加上可数复数,不可数名词。如 I have some books. I have some water.
Any 用于否定句和疑问句: Do you have any books?
I don’t have any books.
但是,希望得到肯定回答时,即使是在问句中,还是要用 some, 比如说
Would like some tea? 只要句首用到 情态动词了,就是希望得到肯定回答了。
One 代替上文的可数名词单数,表示同种类中的另一个人或是物。如 Do you have a car?
I don’t have one.
2012 辽宁,28
If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get______for me?
A one B. such C this D.That
如果你从报亭买今天的报纸,你能帮我买一份么?one 用来代替前面出现的表示泛指的单数可数名词,相当于是a+单数可数名词,以避免重复。本题 one, 代替a paper.
三。定语从句
1. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when (96全国--16)
A. which B. where C. that D. when (96全国--16)
解析:第一步,______前面是名词town, 所以考点是定语从句。
第二步:既然选项中没有介词in,on …, 所以我们要看______后这部分主干是否完整。He grew up as a child 结构为主语he, 加上不及物动词短语grow up, 加上介宾短语 as a child, 所以,属于我们表格当中的主语+不及物动词,所以,主干是全的。
第三步,既然定语从句“_____he grew up as a child”中, 主干全了,所以,______上只有填写状语了,所以,填写 When, where, why 之中的一个。
weight可不可数第四步,因为先行词town 的意思为“地点”,所以选择where.
注:定语从句中,句子成分的知识极其重要,尤其是判断定从的句子主干是不是完整,是不
是主干全时,关键在于谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,区别为:不及物动词,老师讲时会告诉你固定搭配,后面接上介词,比如look at, look 就为不及物动词;比如 listen to, arrive at, listen 和arrive 都为不及物动词。另外一种判断方法为:不及物动词的汉语意思,无法被动。如dance, 我们无法说“被跳舞”,所以,dance 为不及物动词。主语加上不及物动词,主干就是全的; 主语加上及物动词,主干就是不全,因为缺宾语。
举例:I eat. 这就是主语加上及物动词,缺少宾语,主干不全; I eat quickly. 是主语加上及物动词加上状语,还是缺少宾语,还是主干不全。
而I eat it 或是 I eat an apple . 就都是主谓宾结构,就是主干全。
2..We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _____other visitors seldom go
A.what B.which C.where D.when ( 02北京—22)
2..We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _____other visitors seldom go
A.what B.which C.where D.when ( 02北京—22)
解析:此题考点为 非限制定语从句。_____other visitors seldom go
为定语从句部分。_______后的other visitors seldom go , 主干为主语加上状语seldom
为定语从句部分。_______后的other visitors seldom go , 主干为主语加上状语seldom
加上不及物动词go, 状语和定语不看,所以为主语加上不及物动词结构,定语从句部分主干全,所以,_____只能做状语,所以只能从when/ where/why 之中选择,如果这三个选项都没有,只有选择 介词+which 结构。所以,此题选C。
3.There were dirty marks on her trousers _____she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that
3.There were dirty marks on her trousers _____she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that
解析:定语从句为主谓宾结构,主干全,所以选三个状语之中的where.
4. Is this the house_______ Shakespeare was born?
解析:定从的主干为主系表结构,主干全,选择when/where/why 之一,或是选介词+which , 此题选择C。其中,关系代词which 要代替先行词the house, 整个定语从句in which Shakespeare was born可以还原为 Shakespeare was born in the house. 还原后的句子是正确的,所以,原定语从句也是绝对正确。
A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which (1988全国--12)
5.The reason__________he didn’t come was that he was ill.
A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which (1988全国--12)
5.The reason__________he didn’t come was that he was ill.
A. why B. that C. for that D. in which
6. I will never forget the days__________we spent together.(定从是从横线开始的,定从主语加上及物动词结构,缺少宾语,主干不全,所以_____必须做宾语,作宾语的无非汉语意思是人或是物,所以应该从who, whom, which, that里面选择一个!这样的思路才是理解着记忆老师给总结出来的“解题思路”,死记硬背解题思路是没有出路的!只有理解了,才能记住!)
A. when B. that C. where D. since
7. I will never forget the days______we studied English together.
A. when B. that C. where D. since
1. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_____are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that (2004辽--35)
解析:此题考查非限制性定语从句,80% of the shoes, 先行词是the shoes, 所以,用which 代替。
此题如果选C, 犯的错误是 两个句子用逗号连接,且中间没有连词! 而你选择了which 的话,which 自己充当连词!记得么?英文句子中连词分为 并列连词:and, or, but 从属连词:代that, 慧whether, 仪wh/how.
2. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
2. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
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