江苏专版译林七下 U8知识点总结
1. Bring me something to eat.
给我拿些吃的东西来。
解析:something to eat意为“吃的东西”,something 为不定代词,to eat为动词不定式,修饰something。
如:➢ Can I have something to eat, please?
请问我能要些吃的东西吗?
拓展:英语中动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后。
如:➢ I have something to tell you.
我有些事要告诉你。
2. How rude you are! 你太粗鲁了!
解析:rude,形容词,意为“粗鲁的,不礼貌的”,作定语或表语。反义词为polite(有 礼貌的)。
如:➢ He is a rude man and we don't like him.
他是一个粗鲁的人,我们不喜欢他。
拓展:rudeness,名词,意为“粗鲁,无礼”。
3. goldfish 金鱼
解析:goldfish,名词,意为“金鱼”,复数为goldfish,但表示各种各样的金鱼时,要用goldfishes.
如:➢ There are many goldfish in the pool.
水池里有许多金鱼。
拓展:类似goldfish单复数相同的可数名词:
fish → fish鱼 sheep → sheep绵羊
deer → deer鹿 Chinese → Chinese中国人
Japanese → Japanese日本人
4. ...I like watching them swim around.
....我喜欢看着它们游来游去。
(1) 解析:watch sh. do sth. 为动词短语,意为“观看某人做某事”,表示所做的事情已经完成或经常发生(强调经常性)。
如:➢ I don't like watching her dance.
我不喜欢看她跳舞。
辨析:watch sb. do sth. 与 watch sb. doing sth.
短语 | 含义 | 用法 |
watch sb. do sth. | 观看某人做了某事 | 强调看列动作发生的全过程或动作经常发生 |
watch sb. doing sth. | 观看某人正在做某事 | 强调看到动作正在进行 |
如:➢ I watched him enter that shop.
我看见他进了那家商店。
➢ The PE teacher is watching the students running.
体育老师正在看着学生们跑步。
提醒:英语中类似的结构有: heat/see/find sb. do sth. 听见/看见/发现某人做某事(已做/常做); hear/see/find sb. doing sth. 听见/看见/发现某人正在做某事。
(2) 解析:swim around意为“游来游去”,相当于swim here and there.
如:➢ The fish swim around in the lake.
= The fish swim here and there in the lake.
这些鱼在湖里游来游去。
联想:常用短语:look around环顾四周;walk around四处走动;
look around for四处寻。
5. ...it's very small and soft and I can hold it in my hand.
...它非常小且柔软,我可以把它握在手里。
解析:hold,动词,意为“握住,拿”,过去式为held,后面直接跟宾语。
如:➢ She is holding a torch in her hand. 她手里握着一个火炬。
6. ...I can feed her carrots and I like her long ears.
....我可以喂她胡萝卜,而且我喜欢她的长耳朵。
解析:feed,动词,意为“喂,喂养”,过去式为fed.
拓展:
含feed的短语 | feed on 以...为食 |
feed oneself 自己吃 | |
feed sth. to sb. 用某物喂某人 | |
feed sb sth 喂某人某物 | |
feed sb. on/with sth. 用某物喂某人 | |
如:➢ Could you please feed my cat for me?
请你帮我喂猫好吗?
➢ Horses feed on grass.
马以草为食。
➢ The child is old enough to feed himself.
这个孩子足够大了,能自己吃饭了。
➢ We feed wheat to the cattle.
= We feed the cattle wheat.
我们用小麦喂牛。
7. ...he can sing, and 1 want to teach him to speak.
...他会唱歌,而且我想教他说话.
解析:teach,动词,意为“教”,后面直接跟宾语,名词形式为teacher(老师)。
如:➢ ---Who teaches you Maths? 谁教你们数学?
--- Mr Green. 格林老师。
拓展:
含teach的短语 | teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 |
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 | |
teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学 | |
如:➢ Miss Chen teaches me Chinese.
陈老师教我语文。
➢ Can you teach me to dance?
你能教我跳舞吗?
➢ He taught himself how to use this camera.
他自学了怎样使用这台照相机。
提醒:teach后接双宾语时,指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语,所以sb.若是代词,要用人称代词的宾格。
8. My dog is the cleverest animal of all.
我的狗是最聪明的动物,
解析:of all意为“在所有当中”,最高级的范围由of,in,among等构成的介词短语引出。形容词最高级是用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较,其句型结构为“主语+谓语+ the +形容词的最高级+范围(三者或三者以上)”,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。
如:➢ This building is the newest of the five.
这幢楼是五幢楼中最新的。
9. With eyes open wide, he hunts when I hide.
当我躲起来,他就把眼睛睁得大大的,到处我。
(1) 解析:hunt (for)意为“寻”,相当于look for。但hunt (for)含“竭力寻”的意思,其对象为某个迫切需要的事物;而look for 强调寻的过程。
如:➢ They hunted everywhere for the missing watch.
他们到处寻那块丢失的手表。
➢ What are you hunting for?
你在寻什么呢?
拓展:hunt还可作名词,意为“打猎”。
如:➢ I took part in the hunt.
我参加了打猎。
(2) 解析:hide,动词,意为“藏,隐藏”。
如:➢ There was nowhere to hide. 无处可藏。
10. Builds me camps out of sticks.
用树枝为我搭建营地。
解析:build,动词,意为“建造,建筑",其过去式为built,后面直接跟宾语或双宾语。
拓展:
含build的短语 | build sth. 建造某物 |
build sb sth. = build sth. for sb. 为某人建造某物 | |
用...建造... | |
如:➢ He built a school for the blind.
>weight可不可数
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