英语高考考点---名词的构成及练习（附答案）
构成名词常用的后缀（共有15种方法）
   
1. --- ness    形容词+ness变成名词;,辅音字母+Y结尾，该y为i再加ness
happy(快乐的)----happiness（快乐）  clever(聪明的)---- cleverness(聪明)
kind(善良的)----kindness(善良)        polite(有礼貌的)politeness(礼貌)   
2. ---ity    形容词+ity变成名词,以e结尾去掉e再加ity,le结尾改为il再加ity
Real（真实的)----reality(现实)  popular(受欢迎的)-----popularity(受欢迎)
pure(纯净的)---purity(纯净)  Possible（可能的)---- possibility(可能) 
probable(大概)---- probability(大概的)   
3. ---ence    ent结尾的形容词变成名词改为ence
absent(缺席的)---- absence(缺席) different (不同的)-------difference(不同)
excellent(优秀的)-----excellence(优秀) patient(耐心的)----- patience(耐心)   
4.--- ance/ancy带“－ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词往往是－ance或－ancy后 缀。例如：
distant(遥远的)--distance(远处)  important(重要的)---- importance(重要)
accept(接受)---acceptance（接受） disappear(消失)---disappearance(消失)
5.---ment    动词+ment变成名词
develop(发展)---development(发展)    enjoy(喜爱)----enjoyment(喜爱)                         
amaze(使惊奇)-----amazement(惊奇)  excite(使激动)----excitement(激动)                           
argue(争论)---argument(争论)        judge(判断)----judgment(判决)   
6.--- ion以t结尾的动词+ion变成名词
collect(收集)----collection(收集)      select(选择)----selection(选择)
act(行动)----action(行动)            inspect(检查)----inspection(检查)   
7.---ion  以-ss结尾的动词在转变成与其相对应的名词形式时，可以直接在其后加-ion
express(表达)----expression(表达)  Discuss(讨论)------discussion(讨论)
impress(使.....留下印象)-----impression(印象)   
8 .ation    以ate结尾的动词在转变成与其相对的名词形式时，应该去掉不发音的e再加ion
educate(教育)----education(教育)    liberate(解放)--- liberation(解放) 
translate(翻译) - translation(翻译)  graduate(毕业)-----graduation（毕业）   
9.tion以元音字母+辅音字母+e结尾的动词在转换成名词时，通常的做法是先将e改成a然后在其后加-tion(这样做的原因是字母a的读音ei 会使这个词读起来上口)
admire(羡慕)---admiration(羡慕)  recite(背诵)----- recitation(背诵)
prepare(准备)----preparation(准备) invite(邀请)-----invitation(邀请)   
10 ---sion      以de结尾的动词，在转变成与其对应的名词时，去掉字母组合de再加上sion
decide(决定)----decision((决定)    divide（分开）-----division（分开）     
provide(提供)----provision(提供)  conclude(推断)-conclusion(推论)   
11. ---ssion    以重读闭音节结尾的动词，在转变成与其对应的名词时，先将词尾t，然后再加-ssion
admit（准许）----admission（入场费）permit（许可）----permission（允许）   
12. ---hood   
child(孩子)----childhood(孩童时期) neighbour(邻居)----neighbourhood(邻居关系)
mother(母亲)----motherhood(母亲的身份) brother(兄弟)---brotherhood(兄弟关系)   
13.---ship   
friend(朋友)---friendship(友谊)  relation(关系)--relationship(关系)
scholar(学者)---scholarship(学者) citizen(公民)-----citizenship(公民身份)   
14.---ing   
feel(感到，摸)---feeling(感觉)    build(建设)---building(建筑物)
meet(集合)-----meeting(会议) hear(听)----hearing(听力)   
15.---th   
deep(深的)----depth(深度)    wide(宽的)----width(宽度)
long(长的)----length(长度)  strong(强大的)----strength(力量，强度)   
一、将下列动词转换为名词。
序号
动词
名词
汉语
序号
动词
名词
汉语
1
achieve
28
approve
2
appoint
29
arrive
3
astonish
30
propose
4
equip
31
refuse
5
govern
32
survive
6
argue
33
cold
7
act
34
aware
8
admit
35
kind
9
attract
36
weak
10
compete
37
lonely
11
contribute
38
lazy
12
expect
39
cruel
13
explain
40
disable
14
repeat
41
national
15
admire
42
grow
16
appreciate
43
strong
17
celebrateweigh名词
44
free
18
graduate
45
bore
19
hesitate
46
confident
20
invite
47
violent
21
organize
48
convenient
22
translate
49
distant
23
decide
50
significant
24
discuss
51
accurate
25
permit
52
private
26
discover
53
27
recover
54
二、在下列各句空白处填入所给单词的正确形式。
1.. … more and more students would drop out of school if their personal__________(safe) could not be guaranteed.
2.The best speed__________(eat) train their stomachs to expand.
3.I had no__________(choose) but to prepare for it, though.
4. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm(重新确认) the __________ (exist) of rules that need to be observed.
5. The students use a video game controller to direct its __________(move) in the tank.
6.A farmer once organized a __________(compete) between his dog and his rabbit.
7.Actually with my __________(confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker.
8. We are ready to face any __________(hard).
9. Just as the old saying goes,__________(honest) is the best policy.
10.They show great__________(anxious) about their retirement allowance.
11.I don’t think you are telling me the whole ______ (true) about what happened.
12. With knowledge and__________(wise), the old man is respected and loved by the people.
13. The program will be of__________(significant) in the process.
14. He was awarded for his__________(brave) in the battle.
15.Her perfect__________(pronounce) attracted everyone present.
16.They charged for__________(admit) so we can’t enter without__________(permit).
17. Everyone likes to work in pleasant__________(surround).
18.Success is not final and__________(fail) is not fatal. It is the courage to continue that counts.
19.He celebrated the__________(arrive) of the New Year with a party for his friends.

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