仁爱英语八年级（上）Unit 4知识要点
八年级上册Unit 4 topic 1
Section A
1. 名词复数特殊的几种：
（1）单复数同形的名词有： fish鱼，deer鹿，sheep绵羊， Chinese中国人; Japanese
   （2）不规则变化：child---children；foot---feet，tooth---teeth牙齿；goose---geese 鹅mouse---mice老鼠； man---men； woman---women
注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：
an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German（德国人）不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；
（3）只有复数形式的名词：trousers裤子，pants裤子，shorts短裤 glasses眼镜，
2. 形容词和副词的比较级前可用much, a little, even, far 来修饰，但不能用more, very。如：
  much/ far more beautiful ;  a little taller.
3. 复习比较级和最高级（见语法表）
 
Section B
1. They give us joy. 它们给我们快乐。
  give us joy = give us happiness/pleasure  (joy= happiness= pleasure 表快乐，都是名词 )
2.We share the world with them.
 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物，如：
I want to share my happiness with you.
3.Insects feed on plants.
  ①feed on 以… 为食；Tigers feed on meat.
②live on 以食… weigh形容词为生：We live on rive
 ③feed 喂: My job is to feed animals. 
 
Section C
1.Rainforests cover 6% of the earth’s surface.
  (1)cover 覆盖；(2) cover… with…, 用…覆盖…,如：He covered his face with a newspaper.
  (3)be covered with… 被…覆盖：The land is covered with snow. 
2. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
 thousands of 成千上万的…    thousands and thousands of 千千万万的（比前者更多）
3.They also help to control the climate.
 control the climate 控制气候
4.They can’t live without water.
  Without没有，是介词，后不能接句子，只接名词，动名词或代词。如：
  I won’t be happy without her.
5.In fact, water makes up the largest part of the human body.
 make up 组成，be made up of 由… 组成, 如：
Our team is made up of 11 players.
  比较：be made of (from )由…制成
6.We must save every drop of water.
 save(1) 节约 save money  (2) 救 save one’s life 救某人的命
 drop(1) 动词，掉 A bottle dropped onto the floor. (2) 名词，滴   a drop of water.
7.Without water, there could be no life on earth.
on earth  (1) = in the world 在世界上 （2）用于疑问词或否定词后，表“究竟，到底”，如：What on earth did you do that for ?
 
Section  D
1.They are the oldest type of tigers living in the world.
  living in the world（正生活在世界上的）现在分词短语可放所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句 (that are) living in the world.
 
2.They are in danger now.
  be+ in +名词，用来表示“处于…之中”如：be in danger, be in trouble, be in health.
3. The plants in Picture One are more beautiful than those in Picture Two.
  those 在此指代“the plants”。包含比较级的句子必须是同类事物才能比较，为了避免重复，用that（代单数名词）或 those (代复数名词) 代替前面出现的词或短语:
  The climate of Kunming is better than Beijing.(改错,天气不能和北京比)→ The climate of Kunming is better than that of Beijing. (that= the climate)
4. 题Suzhou is       most beautiful tourist city and I believe I’ll come for     second time.
  A. the, a      B. a; a     C. the; the      D. a; the

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