专题九 动词和动词短语
重难点分析
对于动词和动词短语,主要考查词义辨析、动词的用法和搭配、一词多义以及在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇如get, make, have, take以及与它们构成的动词短语等。动词和动词短语是英语高考语法填空和完形填空的必考点。
一、动词分类一览表
动词的分类
例句
行为动词
(实义动词)
及物动词weight的搭配(vt.)+宾语
He sang a song for us.
不及物动词(vi.)
后不接宾语
He arrived late.
+介词
He arrived in Wuhan at
系动词
表人和事物的特征和状态:be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound, smell, taste
He seems angry.
表状态变化:become, get, go, turn, grow, fall
The fish went bad.
表状态的延续或持续:keep, stay, remain
He remained silent.
助动词
be, have, do, shall, will等,不能独立作谓语,须与动词原形或分词一起构成谓语的各种形式
I have bought a car.
情态动词
can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must, need, dare
He may come tomorrow.
注意:有些动词是兼类词。如:We have lunch at 12. (行为动词) / We have been to Japan. (助动词)
二、动词短语构成一览表
动词短语构成
示例
例句
动词+副词
break out 爆发
The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1931.
动词+介词
agree with 同意
I agree with you on that point.
动词+副词+介词
come up with 想出;提出
I came up with a good idea.
动词+名词+介词
make use of 利用
You should make full use of your time.
动词+名词
take place 发生
Great changes are taking place in our life.
三、常用动词短语归纳
常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn, get的相关搭配
1. come

come about 发生;造成
come across 偶然遇到
come after 追踪;跟在……后面
come along 一道走;赶快
come at ……扑过来
come from 来自
come on 跟随;上演;赶快;加油
come out 出来;出版;结果是
come to (oneself) 苏醒;总共;达到;涉及
come to an agreement 达成协议
come to a close/an end 终止;结束
come to life 活过来
come to light 泄露;被发现
come to mind 想起;回忆起
come to the point (讲话、写文章等)切中要害
come to the/one’s rescue 营救;帮助
come true 实现;变成现实
come up with 想出;提出

come into being/existence 出现;开始形成;成立
come in 进来;上市;流行起来;(比赛中)……名次(come in second 得第二名)
2. go

go about 此处走动
go after 追赶;追捕;追求
go ahead 前进;说吧;走吧;做吧(口语)
go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做某事
go beyond 超出;超出……的能力
go by ……经过/通过;时间流逝
go back to 追溯到;回顾
go down 下降;下跌
go in for 参与;从事;爱好
go into 进入;从事
go off 离开某地;爆炸
go over 复习;超过期限;审阅;仔细查看
go out 熄灭;出去;过时
go through 穿过;经受
go too far 太过分;走得太远
go with 相配(同义词match)
go well with 协调;相配
go wrong 出错;发生故障

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