专题九 动词和动词短语
重难点分析
对于动词和动词短语，主要考查词义辨析、动词的用法和搭配、一词多义以及在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇如get, make, have, take以及与它们构成的动词短语等。动词和动词短语是英语高考语法填空和完形填空的必考点。
一、动词分类一览表
动词的分类
例句
行为动词
(实义动词)
及物动词weight的搭配(vt.)+宾语
He sang a song for us.
不及物动词(vi.)
后不接宾语
He arrived late.
+介词
He arrived in Wuhan at
系动词
表人和事物的特征和状态：be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound, smell, taste等
He seems angry.
表状态变化：become, get, go, turn, grow, fall等
The fish went bad.
表状态的延续或持续：keep, stay, remain等
He remained silent.
助动词
be, have, do, shall, will等，不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词一起构成谓语的各种形式
I have bought a car.
情态动词
can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must, need, dare等
He may come tomorrow.
注意：有些动词是兼类词。如：We have lunch at 12. (行为动词) / We have been to Japan. (助动词)
二、动词短语构成一览表
动词短语构成
示例
例句
动词+副词
break out 爆发
The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1931.
动词+介词
agree with 同意
I agree with you on that point.
动词+副词+介词
come up with 想出；提出
I came up with a good idea.
动词+名词+介词
make use of 利用
You should make full use of your time.
动词+名词
take place 发生
Great changes are taking place in our life.
三、常用动词短语归纳
常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn, get的相关搭配
1. come

come about 发生；造成
come across 偶然遇到
come after 追踪；跟在……后面
come along 一道走；赶快
come at 向……扑过来
come from 来自
come on 跟随；上演；赶快；加油
come out 出来；出版；结果是
come to (oneself) 苏醒；总共；达到；涉及
come to an agreement 达成协议
come to a close/an end 终止；结束
come to life 活过来
come to light 泄露；被发现
come to mind 想起；回忆起
come to the point (讲话、写文章等)切中要害
come to the/one’s rescue 营救；帮助
come true 实现；变成现实
come up with 想出；提出

come into being/existence 出现；开始形成；成立
come in 进来；上市；流行起来；(比赛中)得……名次(come in second 得第二名)
2. go

go about 此处走动
go after 追赶；追捕；追求
go ahead 前进；说吧；走吧；做吧(口语)
go all out to do sth. 全力以赴做某事
go beyond 超出；超出……的能力
go by 从……经过/通过；时间流逝
go back to 追溯到；回顾
go down 下降；下跌
go in for 参与；从事；爱好
go into 进入；从事
go off 离开某地；爆炸
go over 复习；超过期限；审阅；仔细查看
go out 熄灭；出去；过时
go through 穿过；经受
go too far 太过分；走得太远
go with 相配(同义词match)
go well with 协调；相配
go wrong 出错；发生故障

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