语法强化训练(二)　非谓语动词
基础达标
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road,  ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
【答案】laying　考查非谓语动词.分析句子结构可知，63空所在的句子中已有谓语动词included，且空处不与included作并列谓语，故空处应填非谓语动词.included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式.
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends,16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 41. ________ (rest)．
【答案】resting　考查非谓语动词.分析句子结构可知，41空所在的句子中已有谓语动词is not spending，且空处不与其作并列谓语，故空处应填非谓语动词.spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”.
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants  ________  (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
【答案】to prove　want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用法.
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough  ________ (cool)the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.
【答案】to cool　be＋adj.＋enough to do sth.“足够……来做某事”.
5．(2016·江苏，28)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ (hide) within the work.
【答案】hidden　句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中有一定有隐含信息.设空处在句中作定语，message与hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示动作已完成，故用过去分词形式.
6．(2017·浙江卷6月)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  ________  (cook) a meal.
【答案】to cook　此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cook.
7．(2017·北京卷)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time  ________  (spend) with his students.
【答案】spent　time和spend之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语.
8．(2017·天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train  ________  (catch)．
【答案】to catch　此处应用动词不定式作后置定语.
9．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)People probably cooked their food in large pots,  ________  (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.
【答案】using　主语people与use之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语.
10．(2016·浙江卷)A sudden stop can be a very  ________  (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.
【答案】frightening　此处修饰名词experience，根据句意此处指“令人可怕的经历”，所以experience名词前面用动词的­ing形式作定语.
11．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include  ________  (introduce) British visitors to the 120­plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
【答案】introducing　include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语.
12．(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  _______
_ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it.
【答案】swept　此处the ring与sweep之间为被动关系，故用过去分词，构成get done结构.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！________
【答案】pick前加to　考查非谓语动词.invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，故应在pick前加to.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.________
【答案】take→taking　 “在……和……之间”，是固定结构.and前后连接的是并列成分.and前用了动名词staying，and后也应用动名词，故把take改为taking.
3．weight的搭配(2015·浙江卷)I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.________
【答案】sit→sitting　enjoy后跟动名词作宾语.故sit改为sitting.
4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. ________
【答案】wear→wearing　by是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语.
5．(2015·四川卷)We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.________
【答案】sing→singing　spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调考)The Yangtze River，________(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
【答案】known　主语the Yangtze River和know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，
表被动.
2．(2018·玉溪一中第二次月考)You lose weight for a while, only  ________  (gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program.
【答案】to gain　“only＋不定式”表示意想不到的结果.
3．(2018·湖北八校第一次联考)No one can ignore the rich culture  ________  (date) back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.
【答案】dating　考查非谓语动词.date和句子谓语动词ignore之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，且词组date back to没有被动形式，故用现在分词短语作后置定语.
4．(2018·洛阳第一次统考)The 15­year­old boy from Oakland has fascinated audiences in the U．S. and China with his ability  ________  (sing) pitch­perfect Mandarin (普通话) and perform the ancient Chinese art form.
【答案】to sing　考查非谓语动词.ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定词组搭配，故用不定式作后置定语.
5．(2018·湖南六校联盟高三联考)Of course,  ________  (enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.

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