英语中的固定短语搭配
英语中的固定短语搭配
2011-02-08
洁心2008 2008-11-19 14：42：54 58.60.31.*举报由动词开头组成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处置惩罚：1、动词介词1.look at…看…,look like…看中去像…,look after…照料…2.listen to…听…3.welcome to…欢
weight常用短语迎到…4.say hello to…向…问安5.speak to…对…说话此类短语相当于及物
动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是表名称的词还是代词，都要放在介词然后。二、动词副词"动词副词"所组成的短语义分为两类：A.动词(vt.)副词1.put
on穿上2.take off脱下3.write down记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是表
名称的词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前边。B.动
词(vi)副词。1e on赶快2.get up起床3.go home回家4e in进来
5.sit down坐下
6.stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.1ook the to work/class
4.be ill
5.have alook/seat
6.have supper
7.1ook young
< shopping
9.watch TV/games 10.play games[介词短语聚焦]"介词表名称的词/代词"所组
成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16经常使用的介词短语按用处进行归类。
1.in语言/颜/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着…。
2.in
Row/Team/Class/Grade等，表示"在…排/队/班级/年级"等。3.in the
morning/afternoon/evening/表示"在上午/下午/傍晚"等一段时间。4.in the desk/pencil-box/bedroom等表示"在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里"。5.in the tree表示"在树上(非树本身所有)"；on the tree表示"在树上(为树本身所有)"。
6.in the wall表示"在墙上(凹陷进去)"；on the wall表示"在墙上(指墙的表面)"。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中
无the。8.at时刻表示钟点。9.like this/that表示体式格局，意为"像…这/
那样"。10.of短语表示所属关系。11.behind/beside/near/under表名称的词等，表示方位、处所。12.from与to多表示方向，前者意为"从…"，后者意为"到…"。另外，以下这些个短语也必须掌握。如：on duty,after breakfast,at
night,at the door,in the middle,in the sky,on one's bike等。[重点句
型大回放]1.I think…意为"我认为…"，是对某人或没事的观念或态度的一种句型。其否定式经常使用I don't think…,2. sb./give sb.sth.意为"把…给…"，动词give然后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/them to sb.3.take sb./…意为"把…(送)
带到…"，后常接地点，也可接人。4.One…,the other…/One is…and one is…意为"一个是…；另一个是…"，必须是两者中。5.Let sb.do sth.意为"让某人
做没事"，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don't let sb,do sth.,
或 do sth.另外,Let's与Let us的寄义不完全不异，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内,6.help sb.(to)do sth./help sb.with sth.意为"
帮助某人做没事"，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互
换.7.What about…?/How about…?意为"…怎么样?"是用来询问或征询对方的
概念、意见、观念等。about为介词，其后须接表名称的词、代词或V-ing等形式。8.It's time to do…/It's time for sth.意为"该做…的时间了"，其中
to后须接原形动词,for后可接表名称的词或V-ing形式。9.like to do
sth./like doing sth.意为"喜欢做没事"，前一种句型偏重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型偏重习惯性的动作,10.ask sb.(not)to do sth.意为"让某人(不要)做没事"，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,11.show sb.sth./ do.
意为"把某物给某人看"，该句型的用处同前边第2点。12. sb.意为"把某人介绍给另一人"；introduce to sb.则是"向某人作介绍"。[重点短语快速复习]1.kinds of各种各样的2.either…or…或者…或者…，不是…就是…3.neither…nor…既不…也不…4.Chinese tea without,anything in it
神州清茶5.take aseat就坐6.home cooking家常作法7.be famous for因…
而著名8.on ones'way to在…途中9.be sick/ill in hospital生病住院
10.at the end of在…的尽头，在…的末尾11.wait for等待12.in time实时13.make one's way to…往…(艰难地)走去14.just then正在那时15.first
of all首先，第一16.go wrong走错路17.be/get lost走失18.make anoise
吵闹，喧哗19.get on上车20.get off下车21.stand in line站队
22.waiting room候诊室，候车室23.at the head of…在…的前头24.laugh
at嘲笑25.throw about乱丢，抛散26.in fact实际上27.at midnight在半夜28.have agood time=enjoy oneself玩患上愉快29.quarrel with sb.和某人
吵架30.take one's temperature给某人体温31.have/get apain in…某处痛
苦悲伤32.have aheadache头痛33.as soon as…一…就…34.feel like
doing sth.想要干没事35.stop…from doing sth.阻止…干没事36.fall asleep入睡37.again and again再三地，反复地38.wake up醒来，叫醒
39.instead of代替40.look over查抄41.take exercise运动42.had
better(not)do sth.最好(不要)干没事43.at the weekend在周末44.on time
按时45.out of从…向外46.all by oneself独立，单独47.lots of=a lot of
许多48.no longer/more=not…any longer/more不再49.get back回来，取回50.soo ner or later迟早51.run away逃跑52.eat up吃光，吃完53.run
after追赶54.take sth.with sb.某人随身带着某物55.take(good)care of…
=look after…(well)(好好)赐顾帮衬，照料56.think of考虑到，想起57.keep adiary坚持写日记58.leave one by oneself把某人单独留下59.harder and harder越来越厉害60.turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气等)61.turn off关[重温重点句型]1.So be/助动词/情牵动词/主语.前边陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时，经常使用到这种倒装布局，表示"另一人(物)也云云。"前边陈述的
否定情况也适于另一人(物)时，经常使用"Neither/Nor be/助动词/情态动词主语."这种倒装布局。注意："So主语be/助动词/情态动词."这一句型经常使用
于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的观念，表示"简直云云。""是呀。"2.Turn
right/left at the first/second/…crossing.这一指路的句型意为"在第一/
二/…个十字路口向右/左拐。"相当于Take the first/second/…turning on theright/left.3.It takes sb.some time to do sth.此句型表示"干没事花了某人一段时间。"其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语.4.…think/find do sth.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。5.What's wrong with…?此句型相当于What's the matter/trouble with…?
后跟某物作宾语时，意为"某物出什么毛病了?"后跟某人作宾语时，意为"某人怎
么了?"6.too…to…在so…that…复合句中,that后的句子是不是定句时，常与
简略句too…to…(太…而不能…)进行句型转换。在so…that…复合句中,that 后的句子是肯定句时，常与简略句…enough to…进行句型转换.7.Sorry to
hear that.全句应为I'm sorry to hear that.意为"听见此事我很难过(遗憾)。"经常使用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。[重点句型、词组大盘
点]1.She used to be aChinese teacher.她过去是一位汉语老师。[用处]used to动词原形，表示过去时常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再云云之意。
[搭配]used to do的否定式可以是usedn't to do或didn't use to do.[比较]used to do sth.过去常做没事；be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做没事；be used to do sth.被用来做没事。2.…return it sooner or later.…迟早
要将它归还。[用处]l)sooner or later意为"迟早"、"迟早"。2)return此处
用作及物动词，意为"归还"，相当于give back.[拓展]return还可用作不及物动词，意为"返回"，相当于go back或come back。3.No matter what the
weather is like…无论气候…[用处]no matter what相当于whatever，其意为"无论什么"，引导状语从句。[拓展]类似no matter what的表达体式格局另有：no matter when无论什么时辰nbsp；nbsp；nbsp；no matter where无论什么
地方no matter who无论谁no matter how无论怎么样4.A young man practised speaking English with Mr.
Green.一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。[用处]practise doing sth.表示"实践、练习(做)没事"。[拓展]practice 表名称的词,"实践"、"实施"、"练习"；put aplan into practice实行某规划。
5.He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our
lakes,rivers,seas and oceans.他鼓励各人参加掩护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的勾当。[用处]1)encourage用作动词，意思是"鼓励"、"支持"。2)take part in"参加"，常表示参加勾当。3)protect是动词，表示"防御"、"掩护"。[搭
配]1)encourage sb.in sth.在没事上鼓励或支持某人nbsp； do sth.鼓励某人干没事2)protect sh.from sth.使某人不受没事侵袭或伤害6.…to warn people about sharks in the water.…正告许多人把稳水里的沙鱼。[用处]warn用作动词，意思是"正告"、"警戒"。[搭配]1)warn sb.that从
句2)warn sb.of sth.正告某人没事3) do sth.告诫某人做没事
4)warn sb.against(doing)sth.告诫某人把稳没事/不要做没事经常使用动词短语1.have：have acold\cough\fever\headache\pain have agreat effect on have agood time have amatch\meeting\discussion had better do sth have no choice but to do sth have arest have on 2.make：make apromise make adecision make room for make sense make use of make aface make
an effort to do sth make aliving make up one's mind to do sth make amistake make anoise make aspeech make an apology make it arule make
it make into make…out of…make up make of make from make acall
3.take：take aseat take amessage for take an interest in take off
take on(a new look)take over take steps to do take some measures to
do sth take care take charge take part in take place take the place of take turns to do sth take medicine take ：go cold go hungry be gone go dad want ago go skating\fishing\shopping\swimming go on doing sth go on to do sth go on with sth go do wn go well go head go out go over go against go witho ut go on apicnic go ：get down to doing sth get hurt\married\dressed\caught get over get
off get ready for get up get in get through get on well with get together get in to the habit of doing get used to doing sth get rid of get tired of 6.put：put on put forward put off put out put up put on weight put away put down 7.play：play an important part in play an important role in play football play the piano 8.keep：keep back keep in touch with keep off keep out keep one's promise keep up keep up wi
th keep sb from doing keep on doing keep order 9.give：give away give out give off give up give in give some advice on…give atalk on sth give first aid 10e：come about come across come on come out come to oneself come true come up 11.bring：bring down bring in bring up bring along 12.break：break down break out break away from break up break into break off break in 13.turn：turn down turn to sb turn into turn off turn in turn ov er turn against turn away turn on turn up turn out to…14.look：look out look up look down upon look after look at look for look around look over look as if look forward to doing sth look back upon look into look on 15.do：do sb afavour do up do one's hair do agood deed do wrong 1.弄清词语自身布局用处学生做题时往往仅限于依据词语的中文寄义，简略对照。这样就造成了许多中文正确，而英语布局上的纰缪。如"容许某人干没事",allow sb to do sth，而不可用做
agree sb to do sth."同意干没事"说allow doing sth.而agree却应为agree to do sth.再如："希望某人去干没事"expect sb to do sth.不可说为hopesbtodosth."建议某人去干没事"，说advise sb to do.就不可说是suggest sb to do sth.这是根据动词自身的基本用处而决定的。这些个更需要学习中不断积累。下面是一些经常使用动词的不同布局用处：A.以下动词与不定式连用即afford to do
sth.afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,claim,dare,decide,de

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