专题10过去分词的用法
1. Most of the artists ____________ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited          B. to invite   
C. being invited      D. had been invited
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：大部分受邀参加派对的艺术家来自南非。句中的most of the artists与invited之间是被动关系, 故应选用过去分词做后置定语, 相当于who were invited, 答案为A。
2. The computer centre, ____________ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open              B. opening       
C. having opened      D. opened
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年开放的计算机中心在他学校的学生中很受欢迎。根据句中的last year可知the computer centre去年就开业了, 表示完成的动作；而且open与the computer centre又存在被动关系, 故选D。
3. The first textbooks ____________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written      B. to be written     
C. being written      D. written
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：将英语作为一门外语写成的课本首次出版于16世纪。The first textbooks 和write是被动的关系, 而且第一本书16世纪已经写成了, 所以用过去分词作定语。故选D。
4. The Olympic Games, ____________ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing      B. to be first played.     
C. first played      D. to be first playing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会直到1912年才有女性运动员参赛, 它早在公元前776年就开始举办了。根据题意可知, the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系, 因此可以排除A和D, 另外B表示将来的动作, 也应排除, 故答案为C。它可还原成一个非限制性定语从句：which was first played in 776 BC。
5. ____________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given          B. To give   
C. Giving          D. Having given
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：给与多一点关照，这些书本可以长得更好。句子主语the trees与give之间是被动关系，故答案选A。过去分词短语Given more attention作条件状语, 放于句首，可以变成If the trees were given more attention, they could have grown better.
6. ____________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing        B. Having lost
C. Lost          D. To lose
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一心想着心事的他差点撞上前面的车。be lost in thought为固定搭配, 意为“陷入沉思”。过去分词短语 Lost in thought与句子主语he构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 且在句中作原因状语。故选C。
7. The research is so designed that once ____________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins            B. having begun
C. beginning        D. begun
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究（方案）也设计好，一旦开始，就改不了了。once begun在句中作条件状语, 它是状语从句once it is begun的省略形式。所以选D。
8. Generally speaking, ______according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking        B. when taken
C. when to take      D. when to be taken
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一般来讲，如果这些药按照说明服用的话，是不会产生副作用的。这里是省略形式，完整的说法应是when the drug is taken according to the directio
ns,…由于主句的主语和从句的主语相同, 因此可以省略从句的主语the drug和谓语的一部分is,答案为B。（这里也可以省去when）
9. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____________ by the hour.
A. pay          B. paying
C. paid        D. to pay
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：大城市的清洁女工通常按小时计算报酬。句子的主语cleaning women与pay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；被动语态的构成是“be/get+过去分词”故答案选C。
10. As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ from my friends.
A. separated      B. spared      C. lost      D. missed
【答案】A
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当我们融入人时，我和朋友们被分开（挤散）了。separate意为“分开，隔开”，spare意为“节约，节省，不伤害”，lost用作形容词，是“失去，丧失，错过”的意思，miss是“错过，未得到，未达到’’的意思。本题的意思是我和朋友们被分开了，get separated from…符合句意，选A。
11. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ____________ .
A. hear      B. to hear    C. hearing      D. heard
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：发言的人提高了嗓音，还是听不到。make oneself heard为固定结构, 意为“使自己的声音被别人听到”, 再如make oneself understood表示“把自己的意思表达清楚”, 故答案为D。
12. —Good morning. Can I help you？-I’d like to have this package __________, madam.
A. be weighed      B. to be weighed      C. to weigh      D. weighed
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：—早上好，有什么可以帮到您？—我想称一下这个包裹的重量，女士。have sth. done是固定结构, 意为“让别人去做某事”或“让某事被别人完成”, 该题表示“我想让别人称这个包裹”, 因此答案为D, 过去分词weighed作this package的宾语补足语。
13. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____________ behind his back.
A. being tied      B. having tied      C. to be tied      D. tied
weigh的用法
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：凶手被带进来，双手绑在背后。在with复合结构中，hands与tie之间含有被动关系, 因此首先排除B, 另外此处tied不但表示被动, 还可以表示完成, 因此A、C又可排除, 故答案为D。
14. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________ the next year.
A. carry out    B. carrying out    C. carried out      D. to carry out
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理们讨论了这个计划，他们想明年实施这个计划。该题句式结构较为复杂, 首先, 先行词the plan后跟一个由that引导的定语从句；在定语从句中, 关系代词that替代the plan, 又充当动词see的宾语, 因此该空处于宾语补足语的位置；另外, the plan与carry out之间是动宾关系, 故答案为C, 构成see sth. done结构。
15. ____________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.

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