现在进⾏时与⼀般过去时⽤法总结
清单四、现在进⾏时
⼀．基本结构
am /is /are + doing
否定形式： am /is /are + not + doing.
⼀般疑问句：Is /Are …+doing …?
⼆．基本⽤法
1．表⽰现在( 指说话⼈说话时) 正在发⽣的事情。时间状语有：at present (写作中⾼级词汇)，now, at this time, these days, look, listen, can you see? Can’t you see?之类的暗⽰语。例：We are waiting for you.
2．习惯进⾏：表⽰长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进⾏。例：—What is Mr. Green doing these days？—Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.
3．表⽰渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。例：
The leaves are turning red.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
★易错点：
（1）与always, constantly, forever 等词连⽤，表⽰反复发⽣的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话⼈的主观⾊彩。例：
You are always changing your mind.
（2）现在进⾏时代替将来时，适⽤于这种⽤法的常见动词有“善始（start doing, begin doing）善终（end, finish），死（die）去（go，leave）活来（come，arrive）”
1）表⽰即将发⽣的或预定中计划好的活动。例：
Are you staying with us this weekend? 这周和我们⼀起度周末吗?
We are leaving soon. 我们马上就⾛。
2）渐变动词，如：get, run, grow, become, begin 及die。如：
He is dying.
（3）不⽤进⾏时的动词：
1）事实状态的动词：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等，例：I have two brothers.
This house belongs to my sister
2）⼼理状态的动词：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例：
I need your help.
He loves her very much.
3）瞬间动词如：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例：
I accept your advice.
4）系动词如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等，例：You seem a little tired.
【考题链接】1. —What’s that terrible noise upstairs?（2010. 西城⼀模）
—The neighbors ____ a party now.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. are having
2. Don’t turn on the radio. Grandpa ____ now. （2010. 丰台⼀模）
A. sleeps
B. is sleeping
C. has slept
D. slept
3. —Where is Mr. Green?
—He____ Jane with her English in the teacher s’ office. （2010. 宣武⼀模）
A. has helped
B. is helping
C. helps
D. will help
4. Mr. Green ____ to the manager now. You’d better call him later.（2009.北京中考）
A. talk
B. talked
C. is talking
D. was talking
清单三、⼀般过去时
⼀．基本结构
①be动词：was/ were …
②⾏为动词：动词的过去式
否定形式：
①was/ were + not
②didn’t +动词原形
⼀般疑问句：
①was或were放于句⾸Was yesterday a wonderful day?
②Did +…+动词原形……? Did you work out yesterday?
⼆．基本⽤法
1．在确定的过去时间⾥所发⽣的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：just now, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982 等。例：
Where did you go just now?
2．表⽰在过去⼀段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
⽐较：
⼀般过去时表⽰的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
Christine was an invalid(残疾⼈) all her life. (含义：她已不在⼈间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达⽐太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指
刚离去)
（略讲）4．注意：⽤过去时表⽰现在，表⽰委婉语⽓，希望得到肯定回答等。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例：
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2）情态动词could, would。例：
Could you lend me your bike?
Would you like some coffee?
三．句型：
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"；
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"。
例：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表⽰'宁愿某⼈做某事'。例：
I'd rather you came tomorrow. I would rather I was still a primary student.
★易错点：
（1）just now跟⼀般过去时连⽤；我刚刚遇见了你。
（2）did/didn’t 后⾯跟动词原形；
（3）since从句通常⽤⼀般过去时。例：
You haven’t changed much since we last met.
It’s three years since he went abroad.
（4）描述过去相继发⽣的动作。
（5）在完成句⼦中，表“过去…”，⼀般⽤…used to 过去常常做某事
⽐较used to do sth…过去常常做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事如：过去那⾥有⼀棵⼤树。There __used to___ be a big tree. （2008.东城⼀模）
I am used to …
【考题链接】1. He went into his room, ________ the light and began to work.（2009.朝阳⼀模）
A．has turned on B．will turn on C．turns on D．turned on
2. My sister has worked as an engineer since she ________ back from the United States.（2009.西城⼆模）A．came B．had come C．comes D．has come
3. We ____ a basketball game with Class 3 last week. （2010.朝阳⼀模）
weigh的用法A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. are having
30. —What did you do after school yesterday? （2010.崇⽂⼀模）
—I ____ basketball with my friends.
A. play
B. am playing
C. will play
D. played
29. They____ her to the party, so she was very happy. （2009.北京中考）
A. invite
B. invited
C. will invite
D. are inviting
时态练习题：
1.The no. 12 bus __________ to the Town Hall and not to the station.
a) A. has come B. has been going C. goes D. is going
2.Don't use that pen. It __________ smoothly .
a) A. didn't write B. don't write C. doesn't write D. isn't write
3.If it __________, I won't go for a walk.
a) A. rains B. will rain C. rained D. rain
4.The child is playing while his mother __________ dinner.
a) A. cooked B. cooks C. was cooking D. is cooking
5.He __________ in a cotton factory these day.
a) A. is working B. works C. will be working D. has been
working
6.Don't turn off the light I __________a report now.
a) A. have been reading B. read C. am reading D. have read
7.John __________ the first party in his life tomorrow night.
a) A. is given B. is giving C. has given D. has been giving
8.My uncle __________ to see me. He'll be here soon.
a) A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came
9.My uncle never __________ a hat even in winter.
a) A. is wearing B. are being worn C. wore D. wears
10.By next December, I __________ fifty-five.
a) A. will have to be B. will have been C. will be being D. shall be
11.Look at these black clouds __________.
a) A. It'll rain B. It's going to rain C. It'll be raining D. It is to rain
12.Look out! That tree __________ fall down.
a) A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would
13."Have you read the book I gave you?"
a)"No, but __________ going to read it soon."
b) A. I'd be B. I'll be C. I've been D. I'm
14.We __________ for Shanghai tonight.
a) A. are starting B. starts C. started D. have started
15.I think she __________ right now.
a) A. reading B. reads C. is reading D. read
16.Do be quiet! I'm trying to hear what the man __________.
a) A. says B. is saying C. has said D. has been
saying
17.Smith__________ his friends for money.
a) A. often ask B. is often asking C. often asks D. has been asked

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